Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges

Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum are responsible for citrus green and blue moulds (GM and BM), respectively, which are major citrus postharvest diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an optimal dipping mixture of an aqueous solution of different food additives: sodium bicarb...

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Main Authors: Archer, John, Pristijono, Penta, Vuong, Quan V., Palou, Lluís, Golding, John B.
Format: article
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8961
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/5/453
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author Archer, John
Pristijono, Penta
Vuong, Quan V.
Palou, Lluís
Golding, John B.
author_browse Archer, John
Golding, John B.
Palou, Lluís
Pristijono, Penta
Vuong, Quan V.
author_facet Archer, John
Pristijono, Penta
Vuong, Quan V.
Palou, Lluís
Golding, John B.
author_sort Archer, John
collection ReDivia
description Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum are responsible for citrus green and blue moulds (GM and BM), respectively, which are major citrus postharvest diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an optimal dipping mixture of an aqueous solution of different food additives: sodium bicarbonate (SB), sodium benzoate (SBen), and potassium sorbate (PS), in combination with heat, to control GM and BM using response surface methodology. The ranges of SB (0.0%, 3.0%, 6.0%), SBen (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%), PS (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%) and temperature (20 ◦C, 35 ◦C, 50 ◦C) with a dipping time of 60s were tested for their impact on GM and BM on artificially inoculated oranges. Within these tested ranges, SB reduced GM severity and incidences of both GM and BM. PS affected BM severity and incidence, but not GM. SBen and temperature did not have impact on GM and BM. The most suitable food additive concentrations were identified to be 4.7% SB, 1.0% SBen and 0.7% PS, with a dipping solution temperature of 50 ◦C. This treatment was shown to reduce GM and BM incidence from 85 and 86% on control fruit dipped in tap water at 20 ◦C to 3 and 10%, respectively. Additionally, the severity of GM and BM was reduced from 64 and 26 mm on control fruit to <1 and 2.8 mm, respectively.
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spelling ReDivia89612025-04-25T14:49:39Z Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges Archer, John Pristijono, Penta Vuong, Quan V. Palou, Lluís Golding, John B. Green mould Blue mould GRAS salts Response surface methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken design Penicillium digitatum Penicillium italicum Citrus sinensis Heat Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum are responsible for citrus green and blue moulds (GM and BM), respectively, which are major citrus postharvest diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an optimal dipping mixture of an aqueous solution of different food additives: sodium bicarbonate (SB), sodium benzoate (SBen), and potassium sorbate (PS), in combination with heat, to control GM and BM using response surface methodology. The ranges of SB (0.0%, 3.0%, 6.0%), SBen (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%), PS (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%) and temperature (20 ◦C, 35 ◦C, 50 ◦C) with a dipping time of 60s were tested for their impact on GM and BM on artificially inoculated oranges. Within these tested ranges, SB reduced GM severity and incidences of both GM and BM. PS affected BM severity and incidence, but not GM. SBen and temperature did not have impact on GM and BM. The most suitable food additive concentrations were identified to be 4.7% SB, 1.0% SBen and 0.7% PS, with a dipping solution temperature of 50 ◦C. This treatment was shown to reduce GM and BM incidence from 85 and 86% on control fruit dipped in tap water at 20 ◦C to 3 and 10%, respectively. Additionally, the severity of GM and BM was reduced from 64 and 26 mm on control fruit to <1 and 2.8 mm, respectively. 2024-08-29T07:40:14Z 2024-08-29T07:40:14Z 2024 article publishedVersion Archer, J., Pristijono, P., Vuong, Q. V., Palou, L., & Golding, J. B. (2024). Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’Oranges. Horticulturae, 10(5), 453. 2311-7524 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8961 10.3390/horticulturae10050453 https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/5/453 en This study was funded by NSW Department of Primary Industries and the University of Newcastle. This project was co-funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia—‘Citrus Postharvest Program’ (CT19003). This is also a contribution of the Euphresco Project—‘Basic substances as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides for plant protection (BasicS)’. Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ openAccess MDPI electronico
spellingShingle Green mould
Blue mould
GRAS salts
Response surface methodology (RSM)
Box-Behnken design
Penicillium digitatum
Penicillium italicum
Citrus sinensis
Heat
Archer, John
Pristijono, Penta
Vuong, Quan V.
Palou, Lluís
Golding, John B.
Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title_full Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title_fullStr Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title_full_unstemmed Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title_short Utilising Response Surface Methodology to Optimise Food Additives and Treatments Reduces Disease Caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum in ‘Valencia’ Oranges
title_sort utilising response surface methodology to optimise food additives and treatments reduces disease caused by penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum in valencia oranges
topic Green mould
Blue mould
GRAS salts
Response surface methodology (RSM)
Box-Behnken design
Penicillium digitatum
Penicillium italicum
Citrus sinensis
Heat
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/8961
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/5/453
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