Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Chemical hazards in food present a significant health risk. The objective of our review is to understand health risks associated with chemical contaminants in products of animal origin (POAO) in Cambodia, where there is no known published study. We followed the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systema...

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Autores principales: San, S.P., Nicolaides, L., Grace, Delia, Charaslertrangsi, T., Chamnan, C., Thombathu, S.S., Thorng, R., Kong, L., Noeurn, S., Fidero, K., Ratana, C., Zand, N., Chea, R.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176171
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author San, S.P.
Nicolaides, L.
Grace, Delia
Charaslertrangsi, T.
Chamnan, C.
Thombathu, S.S.
Thorng, R.
Kong, L.
Noeurn, S.
Fidero, K.
Ratana, C.
Zand, N.
Chea, R.
author_browse Chamnan, C.
Charaslertrangsi, T.
Chea, R.
Fidero, K.
Grace, Delia
Kong, L.
Nicolaides, L.
Noeurn, S.
Ratana, C.
San, S.P.
Thombathu, S.S.
Thorng, R.
Zand, N.
author_facet San, S.P.
Nicolaides, L.
Grace, Delia
Charaslertrangsi, T.
Chamnan, C.
Thombathu, S.S.
Thorng, R.
Kong, L.
Noeurn, S.
Fidero, K.
Ratana, C.
Zand, N.
Chea, R.
author_sort San, S.P.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Chemical hazards in food present a significant health risk. The objective of our review is to understand health risks associated with chemical contaminants in products of animal origin (POAO) in Cambodia, where there is no known published study. We followed the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 23 reports were included for review. The findings are presented according to the PRISMA guidelines. The studies mostly focused on fishery products, with arsenic and mercury being the most frequently studied hazards. The evidence of banned substances such as chloramphenicol and certain organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including chlordane and Mirex, was reported in fish and meat. Additionally, mercury levels were measured in beef, pork, viscera, and eggs, but the average concentration remained significantly below the hazard index. The average concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in smoked fish exceeded the EU limits, ranging from 0.034 to 17.2 mg/kg, with an average mean concentration of 1.92 mg/kg. The pooled geometric means of arsenic and mercury in fish were 0.40 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.25–0.66) and ~0.14 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.087 to 0.223), respectively. The health risk of mercury contamination in fishery products needs the attention of the risk managers. However, industrial contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and butyl tin in marine fishes were lower than those reported elsewhere, such as Japan. We discuss the implications of the findings for human health and national food control systems (NFCS), the capacity of different agencies to undertake chemical risk assessment, the utility of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) for risk assessment and communication in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the need for further research.
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spelling CGSpace1761712025-12-08T10:29:22Z Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis San, S.P. Nicolaides, L. Grace, Delia Charaslertrangsi, T. Chamnan, C. Thombathu, S.S. Thorng, R. Kong, L. Noeurn, S. Fidero, K. Ratana, C. Zand, N. Chea, R. animal products food safety Chemical hazards in food present a significant health risk. The objective of our review is to understand health risks associated with chemical contaminants in products of animal origin (POAO) in Cambodia, where there is no known published study. We followed the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 23 reports were included for review. The findings are presented according to the PRISMA guidelines. The studies mostly focused on fishery products, with arsenic and mercury being the most frequently studied hazards. The evidence of banned substances such as chloramphenicol and certain organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including chlordane and Mirex, was reported in fish and meat. Additionally, mercury levels were measured in beef, pork, viscera, and eggs, but the average concentration remained significantly below the hazard index. The average concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in smoked fish exceeded the EU limits, ranging from 0.034 to 17.2 mg/kg, with an average mean concentration of 1.92 mg/kg. The pooled geometric means of arsenic and mercury in fish were 0.40 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.25–0.66) and ~0.14 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.087 to 0.223), respectively. The health risk of mercury contamination in fishery products needs the attention of the risk managers. However, industrial contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and butyl tin in marine fishes were lower than those reported elsewhere, such as Japan. We discuss the implications of the findings for human health and national food control systems (NFCS), the capacity of different agencies to undertake chemical risk assessment, the utility of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) for risk assessment and communication in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the need for further research. 2025-08-19 2025-08-22T07:31:22Z 2025-08-22T07:31:22Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176171 en Open Access MDPI San, S.P., Nicolaides, L., Grace, D., Charaslertrangsi, T., Chamnan, C., Thombathu, S.S., Thorng, R., Kong, L., Noeurn, S., Fidero, K., Ratana, C., Zand, N., and Chea, R. 2025. Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22(8): 1299.
spellingShingle animal products
food safety
San, S.P.
Nicolaides, L.
Grace, Delia
Charaslertrangsi, T.
Chamnan, C.
Thombathu, S.S.
Thorng, R.
Kong, L.
Noeurn, S.
Fidero, K.
Ratana, C.
Zand, N.
Chea, R.
Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Chemical hazards in products of animal origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2023: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort chemical hazards in products of animal origin in cambodia from 2000 to 2023 a systematic review and meta analysis
topic animal products
food safety
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176171
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