Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid production by microalgae
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential to humans and needs to be consumed through the diet instead of production in the body. LC-PUFAs are in this report be categorized into omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The aim of this study was to focus on LC-PUFAs that can be produced b...
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| Formato: | First cycle, G2E |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2016
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| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/9850/ |
| Sumario: | Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential to humans and needs to be consumed through the diet instead of production in the body. LC-PUFAs are in this report be categorized into omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The aim of this study was to focus on LC-PUFAs that can be produced by species of microalgae of commercial interests.
There are estimated to exist 200 000 up to millions species of microalgae and the species are as diverse in cultivation strategies as in products. Strains of Arthrospira produce γ-linoleic acid (GLA). Crypthecodinium species and Schizochytrium species produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Nannochlorpsis species, Nitzschia species and Phaeodactylum species can be cultivated for the production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Porphyridium species are potential for the production of arachidonic acid (AA).
The LC-PUFAs are important due to a wide range of health beneficial services. EPA and AA are the most important producers to eicosanoids among the fatty acids. Eicosanoids are important in the process of cell-signalling and also respond to inflammations. Categories of eicosanoids are prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxane’s that are included in blood pressure reductions, pro-inflammatory effects, aggregation of thrombocytes and artery contractions et cetera.
Major depression disease and Alzheimer disease are suggested to benefit from supplements of LC-PUFA. EPA and DHA are part of membranes in the brain, and can improve cognitive functions, hence, have preventative effects to Alzheimer and major depression disease. Cardiovascular disease may also be prevented if sufficient omega-3 fatty acids are consumed. Eicosanoids derived from LC-PUFA may also affect the inflammatory response in the body. Eicosanoids derived from AA have a more severe inflammatory response, while eicosanoids derived from EPA and DHA can have anti-inflammatory response. |
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