Antinutritionella substanser i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid utfodring till mjölkkor
There is a shortage of locally produced high quality protein concentrates in Europe and Sweden. Local production would decrease the dependency on imported soybean and meet the demand for organically grown feedstuff from ecological dairy farmers. Field bean (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and swee...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | M2 |
| Language: | Swedish Inglés |
| Published: |
SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231)
2007
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| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1855570243855843328 |
|---|---|
| author | Borling, Jenny |
| author_browse | Borling, Jenny |
| author_facet | Borling, Jenny |
| author_sort | Borling, Jenny |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | There is a shortage of locally produced high quality protein concentrates in Europe and
Sweden. Local production would decrease the dependency on imported soybean and meet the
demand for organically grown feedstuff from ecological dairy farmers. Field bean (Vicia
faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) are good alternatives to
soybean, but contain anti-nutritional substances (ANS) that could reduce their use as protein
concentrates in dairy cow diets. The aim of this literature study was to review which ANS
field bean, peas and sweet lupin contain and whether they affect dairy cows negatively.
Trypsin inhibitors and Chymotrypsin inhibitors (TI) were present in all three crops. TI could
become inactivated and degraded in the rumen, but due to the high passage speed of the
digesta, most TI left the rumen in an active state. Field bean had the highest tannin content;
peas and sweet lupin contained very low levels. The larger part of the tannin content was
made up of condensed tannins, which at low levels can create beneficial by-pass protein.
Alkaloids were only found in lupin. Alkaloids are not detoxified in the rumen and have an
anti-microbial action that damages fermentation. Field bean, and to some extent peas,
contained lectins. Lectins are not degraded in the rumen. The field bean and pea type of lectin
were not harmful to rats. All the studied ANS escaped inactivation and degradation in the
rumen due to the high passage rate of the digesta. The ANS content in field bean, pea and
sweet lupin is small and the crops do not need processing. It is highly unlikely that dangerous
levels of ANS can be reached with the rations currently given in Sweden.
|
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU917 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU9172012-04-20T14:11:37Z Antinutritionella substanser i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid utfodring till mjölkkor Borling, Jenny antinutritionella substanser åkerböna ärtor lupin mjölkkor There is a shortage of locally produced high quality protein concentrates in Europe and Sweden. Local production would decrease the dependency on imported soybean and meet the demand for organically grown feedstuff from ecological dairy farmers. Field bean (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) are good alternatives to soybean, but contain anti-nutritional substances (ANS) that could reduce their use as protein concentrates in dairy cow diets. The aim of this literature study was to review which ANS field bean, peas and sweet lupin contain and whether they affect dairy cows negatively. Trypsin inhibitors and Chymotrypsin inhibitors (TI) were present in all three crops. TI could become inactivated and degraded in the rumen, but due to the high passage speed of the digesta, most TI left the rumen in an active state. Field bean had the highest tannin content; peas and sweet lupin contained very low levels. The larger part of the tannin content was made up of condensed tannins, which at low levels can create beneficial by-pass protein. Alkaloids were only found in lupin. Alkaloids are not detoxified in the rumen and have an anti-microbial action that damages fermentation. Field bean, and to some extent peas, contained lectins. Lectins are not degraded in the rumen. The field bean and pea type of lectin were not harmful to rats. All the studied ANS escaped inactivation and degradation in the rumen due to the high passage rate of the digesta. The ANS content in field bean, pea and sweet lupin is small and the crops do not need processing. It is highly unlikely that dangerous levels of ANS can be reached with the rations currently given in Sweden. I Europa och Sverige råder brist på bra närproducerade proteinkällor, något som behövs för att minska den dyra importen av soja och för att hantera de skärpta foderreglerna för ekologisk mjölkproduktion. Åkerböna, ärter och blålupin är bra inhemska alternativ till soja, men innehåller antinutritionella substanser (ANS) som kan begränsa utnyttjandet. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att sammanfatta vilka ANS som finns i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin och huruvida de är skadliga för mjölkkor. Trypsin- och kymotrypsininhibitorer (TI) fanns i alla växtslagen. De kunde inaktiveras och degraderas i våmmen, men på grund av fodrets höga passagehastighet igenom våmmen hos mjölkkor hann det inte ske. Tanniner fanns mest i åkerböna; i ärter och blålupin fanns de i små mängder eller inte alls. Tanniner förekom främst i kondenserad form. De var våmstabila. I måttliga mängder skapade kondenserade tanniner by-passprotein som förbättrade energibalansen och höjde mjölkproduktionen. Alkaloider fanns bara i blålupin. Alkaloider avgiftades inte i våmmen och deras antimikrobiella verkan störde fermentationen. Lektiner fanns i åkerböna och i små mängder i ärter; de var våmstabila. Lektin från åkerböna och ärter var ofarliga för råttor. Samtliga ANS undgick inaktivering och degradering i våmmen på grund av fodrets höga passagehastighet ut ur våmmen. Halten av ANS i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin är låg och växtslagen kan utfodras obehandlade. Med de givor som ges till mjölkkor i Sverige idag kommer man inte upp i några skadliga mängder ANS. SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) 2007 M2 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/917/ |
| spellingShingle | antinutritionella substanser åkerböna ärtor lupin mjölkkor Borling, Jenny Antinutritionella substanser i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title | Antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title_full | Antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title_fullStr | Antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title_short | Antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| title_sort | antinutritionella substanser i
åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid
utfodring till mjölkkor |
| topic | antinutritionella substanser åkerböna ärtor lupin mjölkkor |