Antinutritionella substanser i åkerböna, ärter och blålupin vid utfodring till mjölkkor
There is a shortage of locally produced high quality protein concentrates in Europe and Sweden. Local production would decrease the dependency on imported soybean and meet the demand for organically grown feedstuff from ecological dairy farmers. Field bean (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and swee...
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231)
2007
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| Materias: |
| Sumario: | There is a shortage of locally produced high quality protein concentrates in Europe and
Sweden. Local production would decrease the dependency on imported soybean and meet the
demand for organically grown feedstuff from ecological dairy farmers. Field bean (Vicia
faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) are good alternatives to
soybean, but contain anti-nutritional substances (ANS) that could reduce their use as protein
concentrates in dairy cow diets. The aim of this literature study was to review which ANS
field bean, peas and sweet lupin contain and whether they affect dairy cows negatively.
Trypsin inhibitors and Chymotrypsin inhibitors (TI) were present in all three crops. TI could
become inactivated and degraded in the rumen, but due to the high passage speed of the
digesta, most TI left the rumen in an active state. Field bean had the highest tannin content;
peas and sweet lupin contained very low levels. The larger part of the tannin content was
made up of condensed tannins, which at low levels can create beneficial by-pass protein.
Alkaloids were only found in lupin. Alkaloids are not detoxified in the rumen and have an
anti-microbial action that damages fermentation. Field bean, and to some extent peas,
contained lectins. Lectins are not degraded in the rumen. The field bean and pea type of lectin
were not harmful to rats. All the studied ANS escaped inactivation and degradation in the
rumen due to the high passage rate of the digesta. The ANS content in field bean, pea and
sweet lupin is small and the crops do not need processing. It is highly unlikely that dangerous
levels of ANS can be reached with the rations currently given in Sweden.
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