Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity
Child obesity and overweight increase dramatically in Sweden and globally. Studies show besides genetics, that lifestyle such as parental feeding behaviors have a sig-nificant impact on the weight of the children. Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 dia...
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Food Science
2016
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571438068563968 |
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| author | Babakirad, Sara |
| author_browse | Babakirad, Sara |
| author_facet | Babakirad, Sara |
| author_sort | Babakirad, Sara |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Child obesity and overweight increase dramatically in Sweden and globally. Studies show besides genetics, that lifestyle such as parental feeding behaviors have a sig-nificant impact on the weight of the children. Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their preconditions or risk factors, such as weight gain, blood pressure and inflammation. The inverse association with weight is emphasized in several observational studies, whereas a few intervention studies show no or marginal weight loss. Hitherto, no intervention studies on the role of WG intake for body weight management in children have been conducted. Alkylresorcinols (AR) are lipophilic phenolic compounds found mainly in the bran of rye and wheat among commonly consumed foods, which makes them to suitable biomarkers for WG intake. The ratio between the two homologues C17:0 and C21:0 shows the origin of the WG (~1.0 rye, ~0.1 common wheat and ~0.01 durum wheat). The early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Program (STOPP) is an ongoing intervention study on families with two overweight parents or one obese parent and their children. The intervention started when the children were one year old and will continue until the age of six, with continuous examinations and blood sampling after one, three and six years. Coaches have been used in order to introduce the families to a healthier lifestyle, steadier sleeping patterns and a healthier diet. The aim of the present study was to examine AR concentrations in plasma, as a biomarker of WG wheat and rye intake and was associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) of the subjects in the Early STOPP-study. Plasma samples has previously been analyzed from the first year in the intervention, when the infants were one year old. In this study, plasma samples were analyzed from the families when the children were three years old. The results showed that the AR in the plasma were not associated with BMI of the children. Moderate positive correlations for total AR in plasma were found between the 3-year old children and the mothers and fathers at the 1-year follow-up, as well as the fathers at the 3-year follow-up, which could imply that the AR reflects the true WG intake for 3-year old children. However, the self-declared WG intake did not correlate with the measured AR concentrations in the plasma, most likely due to the impact of other non-dietary determinants of plasma AR concentrations in small children. This implies that AR are not suitable as biomarkers of WG intake in children. |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU8965 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Food Science |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Food Science |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU89652016-05-04T13:57:41Z Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity Alkylresorcinoler i plasma hos barn med förhöjd risk för fetma Babakirad, Sara alkylresorcinols whole grain wheat whole grain rye obesity overweight whole grains C17:0/C21:0 Child obesity and overweight increase dramatically in Sweden and globally. Studies show besides genetics, that lifestyle such as parental feeding behaviors have a sig-nificant impact on the weight of the children. Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their preconditions or risk factors, such as weight gain, blood pressure and inflammation. The inverse association with weight is emphasized in several observational studies, whereas a few intervention studies show no or marginal weight loss. Hitherto, no intervention studies on the role of WG intake for body weight management in children have been conducted. Alkylresorcinols (AR) are lipophilic phenolic compounds found mainly in the bran of rye and wheat among commonly consumed foods, which makes them to suitable biomarkers for WG intake. The ratio between the two homologues C17:0 and C21:0 shows the origin of the WG (~1.0 rye, ~0.1 common wheat and ~0.01 durum wheat). The early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Program (STOPP) is an ongoing intervention study on families with two overweight parents or one obese parent and their children. The intervention started when the children were one year old and will continue until the age of six, with continuous examinations and blood sampling after one, three and six years. Coaches have been used in order to introduce the families to a healthier lifestyle, steadier sleeping patterns and a healthier diet. The aim of the present study was to examine AR concentrations in plasma, as a biomarker of WG wheat and rye intake and was associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) of the subjects in the Early STOPP-study. Plasma samples has previously been analyzed from the first year in the intervention, when the infants were one year old. In this study, plasma samples were analyzed from the families when the children were three years old. The results showed that the AR in the plasma were not associated with BMI of the children. Moderate positive correlations for total AR in plasma were found between the 3-year old children and the mothers and fathers at the 1-year follow-up, as well as the fathers at the 3-year follow-up, which could imply that the AR reflects the true WG intake for 3-year old children. However, the self-declared WG intake did not correlate with the measured AR concentrations in the plasma, most likely due to the impact of other non-dietary determinants of plasma AR concentrations in small children. This implies that AR are not suitable as biomarkers of WG intake in children. Barnfetma och -övervikt ökar dramatiskt i Sverige och i världen. Studier visar att utöver gener, så har livsstilsfaktorer, såsom föräldrarnas matningsrutiner, en signifikant effekt på barnens vikt. Fullkornsintag har blivit associerat med reducerad risk för att utveckla diabetes typ 2 och hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar genom att förhindra riskfaktorer som viktuppgång, högt blodtryck och inflammationer. Att fullkorn förhindrar viktuppgång är påvisat i flera observationsstudier, dock visar ett fåtal interventionsstudier ingen eller en marginell viktnedgång. Än så länge har inga interventionsstudier genomförts för att observera fullkornets roll i viktkontroll hos barn. Alkylresorcinoler (AR) är fettlösliga fenoler, främst förekommande i råg- och vetekli bland vanliga livsmedel, vilket gör dem till passande biomarkörer för fullkornsintag. Ration mellan de två homologerna C17:0 och C21:0 avslöjar fullkornskällan (~1,0 råg, ~0,1 vete och ~0,01 durumvete). Early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Program (STOPP) är en pågående interventionsstudie på familjer med två överviktiga föräldrar eller en fet förälder och deras barn. Interventionsstudien började när barnen var ett år gamla och kommer pågå till att de är sex år gamla, med kontinuerliga utvärderingar och blodprovstagningar efter ett, tre och sex år. Coacher har introducerat familjerna till en hälsosammare livsstil, mer regelbundna sömnrutiner och en hälsosammare diet. I denna studie uppmättes koncentrationer av AR i plasman hos Early STOPP-deltagarna, för att undersöka relationen mellan intaget av fullkornsråg och – vete och förändringar av body mass index (BMI). Plasmaprover har tidigare blivit analyserade från första året i interventionen, när barnen var ett år gamla. I denna studie analyserades plasmaprover från familjerna när barnen var tre år gamla. Resultatet visade att AR i plasman inte var associerat med barnens BMI. Måttliga positiva korrelationer för total AR i plasman kunde observeras mellan barnen år tre och föräldrarna i 1-årsuppföljningen, samt med papporna i 3-årsuppföljningen, vilket kan tyda på att AR reflekterar fullkornsintaget för 3-åriga barn. Dock korrelerade inte det självdeklarerade fullkornsintaget med de uppmätta AR-koncentrationerna i plasman, förmodligen på grund av icke-kostrelaterade faktorers inverkan på AR-koncentrationerna hos små barn. Detta tyder på att AR inte är lämpliga som biomarkörer för fullkornsintag hos barn. SLU/Dept. of Food Science 2016 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8965/ |
| spellingShingle | alkylresorcinols whole grain wheat whole grain rye obesity overweight whole grains C17:0/C21:0 Babakirad, Sara Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title | Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title_full | Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title_fullStr | Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title_short | Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| title_sort | alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity |
| topic | alkylresorcinols whole grain wheat whole grain rye obesity overweight whole grains C17:0/C21:0 |