Alkylresorcinols in the plasma of children at high risk for obesity
Child obesity and overweight increase dramatically in Sweden and globally. Studies show besides genetics, that lifestyle such as parental feeding behaviors have a sig-nificant impact on the weight of the children. Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 dia...
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
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SLU/Dept. of Food Science
2016
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| Sumario: | Child obesity and overweight increase dramatically in Sweden and globally. Studies show besides genetics, that lifestyle such as parental feeding behaviors have a sig-nificant impact on the weight of the children. Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their preconditions or risk factors, such as weight gain, blood pressure and inflammation. The inverse association with weight is emphasized in several observational studies, whereas a few intervention studies show no or marginal weight loss. Hitherto, no intervention studies on the role of WG intake for body weight management in children have been conducted. Alkylresorcinols (AR) are lipophilic phenolic compounds found mainly in the bran of rye and wheat among commonly consumed foods, which makes them to suitable biomarkers for WG intake. The ratio between the two homologues C17:0 and C21:0 shows the origin of the WG (~1.0 rye, ~0.1 common wheat and ~0.01 durum wheat). The early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Program (STOPP) is an ongoing intervention study on families with two overweight parents or one obese parent and their children. The intervention started when the children were one year old and will continue until the age of six, with continuous examinations and blood sampling after one, three and six years. Coaches have been used in order to introduce the families to a healthier lifestyle, steadier sleeping patterns and a healthier diet. The aim of the present study was to examine AR concentrations in plasma, as a biomarker of WG wheat and rye intake and was associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) of the subjects in the Early STOPP-study. Plasma samples has previously been analyzed from the first year in the intervention, when the infants were one year old. In this study, plasma samples were analyzed from the families when the children were three years old. The results showed that the AR in the plasma were not associated with BMI of the children. Moderate positive correlations for total AR in plasma were found between the 3-year old children and the mothers and fathers at the 1-year follow-up, as well as the fathers at the 3-year follow-up, which could imply that the AR reflects the true WG intake for 3-year old children. However, the self-declared WG intake did not correlate with the measured AR concentrations in the plasma, most likely due to the impact of other non-dietary determinants of plasma AR concentrations in small children. This implies that AR are not suitable as biomarkers of WG intake in children. |
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