Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated several health benefits associated with whole grain intake, including prevention of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, colorectal cancer, obesity and mortality. Whole grain products are therefore recommended by national agencies. However, a nationwide...
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| Format: | M2 |
| Language: | Inglés Swedish |
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SLU/Dept. of Food Science
2016
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| _version_ | 1855571400473968640 |
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| author | Myhré Herelius, Emma |
| author_browse | Myhré Herelius, Emma |
| author_facet | Myhré Herelius, Emma |
| author_sort | Myhré Herelius, Emma |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Epidemiological studies have demonstrated several health benefits associated with whole grain intake, including prevention of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, colorectal cancer, obesity and mortality. Whole grain products are therefore recommended by national agencies. However, a nationwide investigation performed in 2010 revealed that the Swedish population only consumed about half of the recommended daily intake. There are various challenges associated with the estimation of whole grain intake. Common methods used for measuring consumption may differ in how comprehensive and detailed the provided information is, which may affect accuracy. Participants may also influence accuracy due to limited memory capacity, which is central in some methods. Moreover, different definitions of whole grain and whole grain products has been used in different studies. Alkylresorcinols (AR), is a group of phenolic lipids that has been suggested as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake. AR may therefore serve as an objective tool to estimate whole grain intake and to avoid problems inherent to self-reported intake. Alkylresorcinols are derivates of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene and are only found in the outer layers of wheat, rye and barley and can therefore mirror the intake of whole grain products made from these cereals. AR in plasma has been evaluated and used as biomarkers in several studies but the relative short half-life, limits their use to populations with a stable and frequent intake. Moreover, some studies have suggested differences in AR concentrations between men and women. Recently, AR were found in adipose tissue samples from humans and the adipose tissue concentrations were correlated with whole grain product intake in a pilot study. The aim of this study was to quantify alkylresorcinols in human plasma and to compare the concentration between women and men. The aim was further to correlate AR concentrations in adipose tissue, with the concentrations in plasma of Swedish women and men. The result showed no significant difference of plasma alkylresorcinols between women and men (P=0.142-0.966) which contradicted to other studies in which men had higher values. However, the adipose tissue alkylresorcinols showed a significant difference between men and women (P=0.003-0.047). A strong correlation between the plasma alkylresorcinols and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols was observed (r=0,466-0,823, P=<0.0001). The correlation for the shortest alkylresorcinol homologue (C17:0) was significantly strongest for both men, women and the sexes together (r=0.801- 0.823, p<0.0001). |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU8740 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Food Science |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Food Science |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU87402016-01-28T14:27:35Z Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake Alkylresorcinoler i plasma och fettväv från kvinnor och män som biomarkörer för intag av fullkornsvete och råg Myhré Herelius, Emma alkylresorcinols whole grain rye wheat C17/C21 biomarker plasma adipose tissue Epidemiological studies have demonstrated several health benefits associated with whole grain intake, including prevention of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, colorectal cancer, obesity and mortality. Whole grain products are therefore recommended by national agencies. However, a nationwide investigation performed in 2010 revealed that the Swedish population only consumed about half of the recommended daily intake. There are various challenges associated with the estimation of whole grain intake. Common methods used for measuring consumption may differ in how comprehensive and detailed the provided information is, which may affect accuracy. Participants may also influence accuracy due to limited memory capacity, which is central in some methods. Moreover, different definitions of whole grain and whole grain products has been used in different studies. Alkylresorcinols (AR), is a group of phenolic lipids that has been suggested as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake. AR may therefore serve as an objective tool to estimate whole grain intake and to avoid problems inherent to self-reported intake. Alkylresorcinols are derivates of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene and are only found in the outer layers of wheat, rye and barley and can therefore mirror the intake of whole grain products made from these cereals. AR in plasma has been evaluated and used as biomarkers in several studies but the relative short half-life, limits their use to populations with a stable and frequent intake. Moreover, some studies have suggested differences in AR concentrations between men and women. Recently, AR were found in adipose tissue samples from humans and the adipose tissue concentrations were correlated with whole grain product intake in a pilot study. The aim of this study was to quantify alkylresorcinols in human plasma and to compare the concentration between women and men. The aim was further to correlate AR concentrations in adipose tissue, with the concentrations in plasma of Swedish women and men. The result showed no significant difference of plasma alkylresorcinols between women and men (P=0.142-0.966) which contradicted to other studies in which men had higher values. However, the adipose tissue alkylresorcinols showed a significant difference between men and women (P=0.003-0.047). A strong correlation between the plasma alkylresorcinols and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols was observed (r=0,466-0,823, P=<0.0001). The correlation for the shortest alkylresorcinol homologue (C17:0) was significantly strongest for both men, women and the sexes together (r=0.801- 0.823, p<0.0001). Epidemiologiska studier har visat att flera kroniska sjukdomar så som hjärt- och kärlsjukdom, typ II diabetes, kolorektalcancer, fetma och dödlighet kan förebyggas genom att äta fullkorn. Intag av fullkornsprodukter rekommenderas därför av nationella myndigheter. Däremot visar en undersökning från 2010 att intaget av fullkorn i Sverige är ungefär hälften av det rekommenderade intaget. Det finns många utmaningar med att mäta fullkornsintag. Vanliga metoder som används vid estimering av fullkornsintag skiljer sig i hur omfattande och detaljerad informationen är, vilket kan påverka noggrannheten av resultatet. Då minnet hos deltagarna ibland är en central faktor för att mäta fullkornsintag kan det påverka resultaten negativt. Även de olika definitioner som förekommer av fullkorn i olika studier försvårar ett jämförbart resultat. Alkylresorcinoler (AR) är en grupp av fenoliska lipider som kan användas som biomarkörer för fullkornsintag av vete och råg. AR kan därför användas som ett objektivt verktyg för att mäta fullkornsintag och på så vis undvika problem som är associerade med självrapporterat intag. Alkylresorcinoler är derivat av 1,3-dihydroxybensen och förekommer endast i de yttre lagren hos vete och råg, vilket därför kan spegla intaget av fullkornsprodukter tillverkade av dessa sädesslag. AR har i flera studier använts som biomarkörer för fullkornsintag. De har däremot en relativt kort halveringstid, vilket begränsar dess användning till populationer där fullkornsintaget är frekvent och stabilt. Tidigare studier har visat en skillnad i AR-koncentrationen i plasma mellan män och kvinnor. I en förstudie har man nyligen hittat AR i fettväv från människor där koncentrationen korrelerades med fullkornsintaget. Målet med det här arbetet var att kvantifiera alkylresorcinoler i plasma från människor och jämföra koncentrationerna mellan kvinnor och män. Det var även att korrelera AR-koncentrationen i fettväv med koncentrationen i plasma hos svenska kvinnor och män. Resultatet visade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan kvinnor och män (P=0.142-0.966) i plasma vilket strider mot tidigare studier där män hade högre värden. Däremot fanns det en signifikant skillnad i AR-koncentrationen mellan kvinnor och män (P=0.003-0.047) i fettväv. AR i plasma korrelerade starkt till AR i fettväv (r=0,466-0,823, P=<0.0001). Korrelationen för C17:0 var signifikant starkast för både kvinnor, män och båda tillsammans (r=0.801- 0.823, p<0.0001). SLU/Dept. of Food Science 2016 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8740/ |
| spellingShingle | alkylresorcinols whole grain rye wheat C17/C21 biomarker plasma adipose tissue Myhré Herelius, Emma Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title | Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title_full | Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title_fullStr | Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title_short | Plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| title_sort | plasma and adipose tissue alkylresorcinols in women and men as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake |
| topic | alkylresorcinols whole grain rye wheat C17/C21 biomarker plasma adipose tissue |