Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation
The human gut is colonized by an enormous amount of microorganisms, the so called microbiota. The microbiota degrades dietary components in the colon and utilize them as substrates in their metabolism. Dietary fibres are the most important energy source for the microbiota. Some dietary fibres a...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | M2 |
| Language: | Inglés Swedish |
| Published: |
SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences
2018
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| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1855572293764251648 |
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| author | Holmsten, Therese |
| author_browse | Holmsten, Therese |
| author_facet | Holmsten, Therese |
| author_sort | Holmsten, Therese |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | The human gut is colonized by an enormous amount of microorganisms, the so called
microbiota. The microbiota degrades dietary components in the colon and utilize
them as substrates in their metabolism. Dietary fibres are the most important energy
source for the microbiota. Some dietary fibres are classified as prebiotics, as they
have the ability to alter the composition and activity of the microbiota and promote
health benefits.
Cereals are the major source of dietary fibres in Scandinavia. Among the cereals rye (Secale cereale) and oat (Avena sativa) are most frequently consumed as whole grains. The aim of this literature study was to review the current knowledge about the
prebiotic properties of arabinoxylan and β-Glucan, the major dietary fibres in rye and
oats.
A prebiotic substrate is selective and confer health benefits. The result shows that
arabinoxylan and β-Glucan fermentation display prebiotic properties. Both confer
health benefits by indirectly stimulating beneficial metabolite production of the shortchain
fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate. The literature shows that arabinoxylan
particularly promotes butyrate production, while β-Glucan promotes propionate
production and in some conditions butyrate as well.
Butyrate has been shown to improve intestinal integrity, prevent inflammation
and exhibit an anti-carcinogenic effect. Propionate inhibits cholesterol synthesis.
However, health effects of dietary fibres can depend on the individual responsiveness
to a substrate, the so-called enterotype. In general, a diet with various dietary fibres
has been connected to health benefits, partly because it prevents production of detrimental
metabolites that is formed in the absence of fermentable carbohydrates.
Future studies will have to further confirm the prebiotic properties of arabinoxylan
and β-Glucan in vivo with human subjects. If such studies would present enough
scientific support for authority health claims, it may be a way to increase the consumption
of dietary fibres in the population and contribute to improving public
health. |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU13735 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences |
| publisherStr | SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU137352019-02-26T14:14:50Z Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation Holmsten, Therese Cereals dietary fibres prebiotics arabinoxylan β-Glucan short-chain fatty acids The human gut is colonized by an enormous amount of microorganisms, the so called microbiota. The microbiota degrades dietary components in the colon and utilize them as substrates in their metabolism. Dietary fibres are the most important energy source for the microbiota. Some dietary fibres are classified as prebiotics, as they have the ability to alter the composition and activity of the microbiota and promote health benefits. Cereals are the major source of dietary fibres in Scandinavia. Among the cereals rye (Secale cereale) and oat (Avena sativa) are most frequently consumed as whole grains. The aim of this literature study was to review the current knowledge about the prebiotic properties of arabinoxylan and β-Glucan, the major dietary fibres in rye and oats. A prebiotic substrate is selective and confer health benefits. The result shows that arabinoxylan and β-Glucan fermentation display prebiotic properties. Both confer health benefits by indirectly stimulating beneficial metabolite production of the shortchain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate. The literature shows that arabinoxylan particularly promotes butyrate production, while β-Glucan promotes propionate production and in some conditions butyrate as well. Butyrate has been shown to improve intestinal integrity, prevent inflammation and exhibit an anti-carcinogenic effect. Propionate inhibits cholesterol synthesis. However, health effects of dietary fibres can depend on the individual responsiveness to a substrate, the so-called enterotype. In general, a diet with various dietary fibres has been connected to health benefits, partly because it prevents production of detrimental metabolites that is formed in the absence of fermentable carbohydrates. Future studies will have to further confirm the prebiotic properties of arabinoxylan and β-Glucan in vivo with human subjects. If such studies would present enough scientific support for authority health claims, it may be a way to increase the consumption of dietary fibres in the population and contribute to improving public health. Människans mag-tarmkanal är koloniserad av ett enormt antal mikroorganismer, den så kallade mikrobiotan. I tjocktarmen bryter mikrobiotan ner komponenter i maten och använder dem som substrat i sin metabolism. Kostfibrer är mikrobiotans viktigaste energikälla. Vissa kostfibrer klassas som prebiotika, eftersom de har förmågan att påverka kompositionen och aktiviteten hos mikrobiotan och ge positiva hälsoeffekter. Cerealier är den största kostfiberkällan i Skandinavien, och av dem är det råg (Secale cereale) och havre (Avena sativa) som oftast konsumeras som fullkorn. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var attsammanställa den nuvarande kunskapen om de prebiotiska egenskaperna hos kostfibrerna arabinoxylan och β-Glukan, som finns i högst mängd i råg och havre. Prebiotiska substrat är selektiva och ger hälsofördelar. Resultatet visar att fermenteringen av arabinoxylan och β-Glukan har prebiotiska egenskaper. Båda ger hälsofördelar genom att indirekt stimulera gynnsam metabolitproduktion av de kortkedjiga fettsyrorna acetat, propionat och butyrat. Litteraturen visar att arabinoxylan särskilt gynnar butyratproduktion, medan β-Glukan gynnar propionatproduktion och under visa förhållanden även butyrat. Butyrat har visats förbättra tarmbarriärens integritet, motverka inflammation och ha en anti-carcinogen effekt. Propionat inhiberar kolesterolsyntes. Men hälsoeffekter av kostfibrer kan även bero på individens mottaglighet för ett substrat, den så kallade nterotypen. Generellt har en varierad kost med många olika kostfibrer kopplats till bättre hälsa, vilket delvis beror på en minskning av skadliga metaboliter som kan produceras i tjocktarmen när det är brist på fermenterbara kolhydrater. Framtida studier bör vidare bekräfta den prebiotiska effekten av arabinoxylan och β-Glukan in vivo. Om sådana studier skulle visa på tillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd för att utfärda hälsopåståenden, kan det vara ett sätt att öka kostfiberkonsumtionen I populationen och bidra till att förbättra folkhälsan. SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences 2018 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/13735/ |
| spellingShingle | Cereals dietary fibres prebiotics arabinoxylan β-Glucan short-chain fatty acids Holmsten, Therese Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title | Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title_full | Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title_fullStr | Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title_short | Cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| title_sort | cereal dietary fibres as prebiotics : metabolite production and health effects
of arabinoxylan and β-glucan fermentation |
| topic | Cereals dietary fibres prebiotics arabinoxylan β-Glucan short-chain fatty acids |