The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids
The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor is considered as a sustainable alternative to animal-derived source of protein. The population of the world increases and is believed to be over 9 billion by 2050, and the demand of protein will increase. Among edible insects, the mealworm is the one most commonl...
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
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SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences
2017
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855572128262258688 |
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| author | Bragd, Ulrika |
| author_browse | Bragd, Ulrika |
| author_facet | Bragd, Ulrika |
| author_sort | Bragd, Ulrika |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor is considered as a sustainable alternative to animal-derived source of protein. The population of the world increases and is believed to be over 9 billion by 2050, and the demand of protein will increase. Among edible insects, the mealworm is the one most commonly reared in Europe. After protein, the second largest part of the mealworm is lipids, which amounts to about 33% of dry matter. With this large amount of lipids, the mealworm could be a potential source of food lipids. In this work, the aim is to review the current knowledge about the lipid content and fatty acid composition in mealworms.
The most common fatty acids in mealworms are palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The mealworm can synthesize both linoleic acid (LA) and alpha lino-lenic acid (ALA), which are essential fatty acids for humans. Ratios between poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (PUFA/SFA) and ratios between n-6/n-3 are used as index of healthy diet. The PUFA/SFA ratio in the mealworm has been found to be within the recommended values. Mealworms are rich in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (monounsaturated fatty acids and polyun-saturated fatty acids), but the ratio of n-6/n-3 varied greatly. It would be desirable with higher content of ALA (n-3) to get a better n-6/n-3 ratio. It has been shown that it is possible to manipulate the content of lipids and the composition of fatty acids in the mealworm through the feed. However, the composition of the feed and the content of the mealworms do not necessarily match, so there is a physiological regulation of the composition of FAs. Other conditions such as temperature, humid-ity and development stage are also factors that have an impact on the lipids and FAs. In the reviewed literature, the results vary and all conditions are not always known. The conclusion is that more research is needed before the mealworm can be promoted as a new source of food lipids. The reason could be that the meal-worm primarily has been highlighted as a source of protein, which may have over-shadowed the mealworm as a potential source of food lipids. |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU12774 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences |
| publisherStr | SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU127742017-10-19T12:16:33Z The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids Mjölmask Tenebrio molitor : en potentiell källa till matlipider Bragd, Ulrika mealworm Tenebrio molitor lipids fatty acids edible insects future food The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor is considered as a sustainable alternative to animal-derived source of protein. The population of the world increases and is believed to be over 9 billion by 2050, and the demand of protein will increase. Among edible insects, the mealworm is the one most commonly reared in Europe. After protein, the second largest part of the mealworm is lipids, which amounts to about 33% of dry matter. With this large amount of lipids, the mealworm could be a potential source of food lipids. In this work, the aim is to review the current knowledge about the lipid content and fatty acid composition in mealworms. The most common fatty acids in mealworms are palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The mealworm can synthesize both linoleic acid (LA) and alpha lino-lenic acid (ALA), which are essential fatty acids for humans. Ratios between poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (PUFA/SFA) and ratios between n-6/n-3 are used as index of healthy diet. The PUFA/SFA ratio in the mealworm has been found to be within the recommended values. Mealworms are rich in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (monounsaturated fatty acids and polyun-saturated fatty acids), but the ratio of n-6/n-3 varied greatly. It would be desirable with higher content of ALA (n-3) to get a better n-6/n-3 ratio. It has been shown that it is possible to manipulate the content of lipids and the composition of fatty acids in the mealworm through the feed. However, the composition of the feed and the content of the mealworms do not necessarily match, so there is a physiological regulation of the composition of FAs. Other conditions such as temperature, humid-ity and development stage are also factors that have an impact on the lipids and FAs. In the reviewed literature, the results vary and all conditions are not always known. The conclusion is that more research is needed before the mealworm can be promoted as a new source of food lipids. The reason could be that the meal-worm primarily has been highlighted as a source of protein, which may have over-shadowed the mealworm as a potential source of food lipids. Mjölmasken Tenebrio molitor framhålls som ett hållbart alternativ till animaliskt protein. När jordens befolkning ökar och antas vara över 9 miljarder år 2050 kommer efterfrågan på protein att öka. Bland ätbara insekter är mjölmasken den vanligaste som föds upp i Europa. Efter protein är den näst största delen av mjöl-masken lipider, som uppgår till cirka 33% torrsubstans. Med denna stora mängd lipider är mjölmasken intressant att utforska som en potentiell källa till mat lipider. Målet med detta arbete att granska den nuvarande kunskapen om lipidinnehåll och fettsyrasammansättning i mjölmask. De vanligaste fettsyrorna i mjölmaskar är palmitinsyra, oljesyra och linolsyra. Mjölmasken kan syntetisera både linolsyra (LA) och alfa-linolensyra (ALA), vilka är essentiella fettsyror för människan. För-hållandet mellan fleromättade fettsyror (PUFA) och mättade fettsyror (SFA) (PUFA/SFA) och förhållandet mellan n-6/n-3 används som index för hälsosam kost. PUFA/SFA-förhållandet i mjölmask har visat sig ligga inom de rekommende-rade värdena. Mjölmaskar är rika på omättade fettsyror (UFA) (enkelomättade fettsyror och fleromättade fettsyror). Förhållandet mellan n-6/n-3 har visat sig variera väldigt mycket. Det skulle vara önskvärt med ett högre innehåll av ALA (n-3) för att få ett bättre förhållande mellan n-6/n-3. Det har visat sig att det är möjligt att manipulera innehållet av lipider och sammansättningen av fettsyror i mjölmask genom fodret. Fodrets sammansättning och mjölmaskens innehåll följs däremot inte alltid åt. Således finns det en fysiologisk reglering av lipidinnehållet och fettsy-rornas sammansättning i mjölmasken. Förhållanden som temperatur, fuktighet och utvecklingsstadiet är också faktorer som påverkar sammansättningen av lipider och fettsyror. I den genomgångna litteraturen är resultaten varierande och alla förhållanden är inte alltid redogjorda för. Slutsatsen är att det behövs mer forsk-ning innan mjölmasken kan framhållas som en ny källa till mat lipider. Mjöl-masken har främst blivit uppmärksammad som en källa till protein, vilket kan ha överskuggat dess potential som källa till matlipider. SLU/Department of Molecular Sciences 2017 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12774/ |
| spellingShingle | mealworm Tenebrio molitor lipids fatty acids edible insects future food Bragd, Ulrika The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title_full | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title_fullStr | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title_full_unstemmed | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title_short | The yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| title_sort | yellow mealworm tenebrio molitor : a potential source of food lipids |
| topic | mealworm Tenebrio molitor lipids fatty acids edible insects future food |