Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry

Citrus greening or huanglongbing (HLB) is the main threat to the European citrus industry since one of its vectors, the African citrus psyllid, Trioza erytreae, has recently become established in mainland Europe. In this context, classical biological control programmes should be implemented to red...

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Autores principales: Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica, Krüger, Kerstin, Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell, Ruiz-Rivero, Omar, Urbaneja, Alberto, Tena, Alejandro
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Nature 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6273
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-45294-w
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author Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica
Krüger, Kerstin
Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell
Ruiz-Rivero, Omar
Urbaneja, Alberto
Tena, Alejandro
author_browse Krüger, Kerstin
Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell
Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica
Ruiz-Rivero, Omar
Tena, Alejandro
Urbaneja, Alberto
author_facet Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica
Krüger, Kerstin
Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell
Ruiz-Rivero, Omar
Urbaneja, Alberto
Tena, Alejandro
author_sort Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica
collection ReDivia
description Citrus greening or huanglongbing (HLB) is the main threat to the European citrus industry since one of its vectors, the African citrus psyllid, Trioza erytreae, has recently become established in mainland Europe. In this context, classical biological control programmes should be implemented to reduce the spread of the psyllid. The aims of this study were to: i) disentangle the parasitoid complex of T. erytreae combining morphological and molecular characterization; and ii) to study the biology of its main parasitoids in its area of origin in South Africa for their future importation into Europe. The main citrus producing areas of South Africa were surveyed during 2017. In contrast to previous studies, the parasitoid complex of T. erytreae included three species of primary parasitoids: Tamarixia dryi, Psyllaephagus pulvinatus and another parasitoid of the genus Tamarixia. Molecular analysis showed that it is a new species closely related to T. dryi. Tamarixia dryi was the most abundant parasitoid but its relative abundance varied among sampling sites. The sex ratio (males/females) of T. dryi and Tamarixia sp. decreased with T. erytreae size and became female biased when psyllid nymphs were larger than 0.6 and 1.2 mm2, respectively. These parasitoids were attacked by three species of hyperparasitoids, Aphidencyrtus cassatus, Marietta javensis and a species of the genus Aphanogmus. Aphidencyrtus cassatus, the most abundant hyperparasitoid, tended to emerge from large nymphs, and adult females lived as long as those of T. dryi. The implications of these results are discussed within the framework of the introduction of T. dryi into Europe.
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spelling ReDivia62732025-04-25T14:46:42Z Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica Krüger, Kerstin Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell Ruiz-Rivero, Omar Urbaneja, Alberto Tena, Alejandro Citrus greening Huanglongbing HLB Trioza erytreae H20 Plant diseases Biological control Citrus greening or huanglongbing (HLB) is the main threat to the European citrus industry since one of its vectors, the African citrus psyllid, Trioza erytreae, has recently become established in mainland Europe. In this context, classical biological control programmes should be implemented to reduce the spread of the psyllid. The aims of this study were to: i) disentangle the parasitoid complex of T. erytreae combining morphological and molecular characterization; and ii) to study the biology of its main parasitoids in its area of origin in South Africa for their future importation into Europe. The main citrus producing areas of South Africa were surveyed during 2017. In contrast to previous studies, the parasitoid complex of T. erytreae included three species of primary parasitoids: Tamarixia dryi, Psyllaephagus pulvinatus and another parasitoid of the genus Tamarixia. Molecular analysis showed that it is a new species closely related to T. dryi. Tamarixia dryi was the most abundant parasitoid but its relative abundance varied among sampling sites. The sex ratio (males/females) of T. dryi and Tamarixia sp. decreased with T. erytreae size and became female biased when psyllid nymphs were larger than 0.6 and 1.2 mm2, respectively. These parasitoids were attacked by three species of hyperparasitoids, Aphidencyrtus cassatus, Marietta javensis and a species of the genus Aphanogmus. Aphidencyrtus cassatus, the most abundant hyperparasitoid, tended to emerge from large nymphs, and adult females lived as long as those of T. dryi. The implications of these results are discussed within the framework of the introduction of T. dryi into Europe. 2019-08-02T16:11:45Z 2019-08-02T16:11:45Z 2019 article publishedVersion Pérez-Rodríguez, J., Krüger, K., Pérez-Hedo, M., Ruíz-Rivero, O., Urbaneja, A., & Tena, A. (2019). Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry. Scientific reports, 9(1), 9440. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6273 10.1038/s41598-019-45294-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-45294-w en Nature electronico
spellingShingle Citrus greening
Huanglongbing
HLB
Trioza erytreae
H20 Plant diseases
Biological control
Pérez-Rodríguez, Jésica
Krüger, Kerstin
Pérez-Hedo, Mertixell
Ruiz-Rivero, Omar
Urbaneja, Alberto
Tena, Alejandro
Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title_full Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title_fullStr Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title_full_unstemmed Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title_short Classical biological control of the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae, a major threat to the European citrus industry
title_sort classical biological control of the african citrus psyllid trioza erytreae a major threat to the european citrus industry
topic Citrus greening
Huanglongbing
HLB
Trioza erytreae
H20 Plant diseases
Biological control
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/6273
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-45294-w
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