The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep

Nitrate (NO3 ¯) is an effective non‐protein nitrogen source for gut microbes and reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in ruminants. Nitrate is reduced to ammonia by rumen bacteria with nitrite (NO2 ¯) produced as an intermediate. The absorption of NO2 ¯ can cause methaemoglobinaemia in ruminant...

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Autores principales: Villar, Maria Laura, Godwin, Ian R., Hegarty, Roger S., Dobos, Robin Christopher, Smith, Katherine A., Clay, Jonathon W., Nolan, John V.
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley Online Library 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6035
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpn.13174
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13174
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author Villar, Maria Laura
Godwin, Ian R.
Hegarty, Roger S.
Dobos, Robin Christopher
Smith, Katherine A.
Clay, Jonathon W.
Nolan, John V.
author_browse Clay, Jonathon W.
Dobos, Robin Christopher
Godwin, Ian R.
Hegarty, Roger S.
Nolan, John V.
Smith, Katherine A.
Villar, Maria Laura
author_facet Villar, Maria Laura
Godwin, Ian R.
Hegarty, Roger S.
Dobos, Robin Christopher
Smith, Katherine A.
Clay, Jonathon W.
Nolan, John V.
author_sort Villar, Maria Laura
collection INTA Digital
description Nitrate (NO3 ¯) is an effective non‐protein nitrogen source for gut microbes and reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in ruminants. Nitrate is reduced to ammonia by rumen bacteria with nitrite (NO2 ¯) produced as an intermediate. The absorption of NO2 ¯ can cause methaemoglobinaemia in ruminants. Metabolism of NO3 ¯ and NO2 ¯ in blood and animal tissues forms nitric oxide (NO) which has profound physiological effects in ruminants and has been shown to increase glucose uptake and insulin secretion in rodents and humans. We hypothesized that absorption of small quantities of NO2¯ resulting from a low‐risk dose of dietary NO3¯ will increase insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose uptake in sheep. We evaluated the effect of feeding sheep with a diet supplemented with 18 g NO3 ¯/kg DM or urea (Ur) isonitrogenously to NO3¯, on insulin and glucose dynamics. A glucose tolerance test using an intravenous bolus of 1 ml/kg LW of 24% (w/v) glucose was conducted in twenty sheep, with 10 sheep receiving 1.8% supplementary NO3 ¯ and 10 receiving supplementary urea isonitrogenously to NO3¯. The MINMOD model used plasma glucose and insulin concentrations to estimate basal plasma insulin (Ib) and basal glucose concentration (Gb), insulin sensitivity (SI), glucose effectiveness (SG), acute insulin response (AIRg) and disposition index (DI). Nitrate supplementation had no effect on Ib (p > .05). The decrease in blood glucose occurred at the same rate in both dietary treatments (SG; p = .60), and there was no effect of NO3¯ on either Gb, SI, AIRg or DI. This experiment found that the insulin dynamics assessed using the MINMOD model were not affected by NO3¯ administered to fasted sheep at a low dose of 1.8% NO3¯ in the diet.
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spelling INTA60352019-12-04T14:28:58Z The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep Villar, Maria Laura Godwin, Ian R. Hegarty, Roger S. Dobos, Robin Christopher Smith, Katherine A. Clay, Jonathon W. Nolan, John V. Rumiante Ganadería Metabolismo Asimilación de Nitratos Ruminants Animal Husbandry Metabolism Nitrate Assimilation Insulin Nitric Oxide Glucose Urea Insulina Glucosa Óxido Nítrico MINMOD Nitrate (NO3 ¯) is an effective non‐protein nitrogen source for gut microbes and reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in ruminants. Nitrate is reduced to ammonia by rumen bacteria with nitrite (NO2 ¯) produced as an intermediate. The absorption of NO2 ¯ can cause methaemoglobinaemia in ruminants. Metabolism of NO3 ¯ and NO2 ¯ in blood and animal tissues forms nitric oxide (NO) which has profound physiological effects in ruminants and has been shown to increase glucose uptake and insulin secretion in rodents and humans. We hypothesized that absorption of small quantities of NO2¯ resulting from a low‐risk dose of dietary NO3¯ will increase insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose uptake in sheep. We evaluated the effect of feeding sheep with a diet supplemented with 18 g NO3 ¯/kg DM or urea (Ur) isonitrogenously to NO3¯, on insulin and glucose dynamics. A glucose tolerance test using an intravenous bolus of 1 ml/kg LW of 24% (w/v) glucose was conducted in twenty sheep, with 10 sheep receiving 1.8% supplementary NO3 ¯ and 10 receiving supplementary urea isonitrogenously to NO3¯. The MINMOD model used plasma glucose and insulin concentrations to estimate basal plasma insulin (Ib) and basal glucose concentration (Gb), insulin sensitivity (SI), glucose effectiveness (SG), acute insulin response (AIRg) and disposition index (DI). Nitrate supplementation had no effect on Ib (p > .05). The decrease in blood glucose occurred at the same rate in both dietary treatments (SG; p = .60), and there was no effect of NO3¯ on either Gb, SI, AIRg or DI. This experiment found that the insulin dynamics assessed using the MINMOD model were not affected by NO3¯ administered to fasted sheep at a low dose of 1.8% NO3¯ in the diet. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche Fil: Villar, Maria Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Godwin, Ian R. University of New England. School of Environmental and Rural Science; Australia Fil: Hegarty, Roger S. University of New England. School of Environmental and Rural Science; Australia Fil: Dobos, Robin Christopher. Livestock Industries Centre. Department of Primary Industries; Australia Fil: Smith, Katherine A. University of New England. School of Environmental and Rural Science; Australia Fil: Clay, Jonathon W. University of New England. School of Science and Technology; Australia Fil: Nolan, John V. University of New England. School of Environmental and Rural Science; Australia 2019-10-02T12:42:54Z 2019-10-02T12:42:54Z 2019-07 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6035 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpn.13174 1439-0396 https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13174 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Wiley Online Library Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 103 (6) : 1657-1662. (November 2019)
spellingShingle Rumiante
Ganadería
Metabolismo
Asimilación de Nitratos
Ruminants
Animal Husbandry
Metabolism
Nitrate Assimilation
Insulin
Nitric Oxide
Glucose
Urea
Insulina
Glucosa
Óxido Nítrico
MINMOD
Villar, Maria Laura
Godwin, Ian R.
Hegarty, Roger S.
Dobos, Robin Christopher
Smith, Katherine A.
Clay, Jonathon W.
Nolan, John V.
The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title_full The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title_fullStr The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title_full_unstemmed The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title_short The effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
title_sort effects of dietary nitrate on plasma glucose and insulin sensitivity in sheep
topic Rumiante
Ganadería
Metabolismo
Asimilación de Nitratos
Ruminants
Animal Husbandry
Metabolism
Nitrate Assimilation
Insulin
Nitric Oxide
Glucose
Urea
Insulina
Glucosa
Óxido Nítrico
MINMOD
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/6035
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpn.13174
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13174
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