Genetic and antigenic diversity of Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1

Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) is a virus that belongs to the Varicellovirus genus within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. While BuHV-1 infections in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are often subclinical, clinical manifestations have been reported. This study provides complete genome sequen...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tau, Rocio Lucia, Marandino, Ana, Torales, Fatima Anabel, Campos, Fabricio, Roehe, Paulo Michel, Konrad, Jose Luis, Romera, Sonia Alejandra, Perez, Ruben, Maidana, Silvina Soledad
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/23446
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/8/1110
https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081110
Descripción
Sumario:Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) is a virus that belongs to the Varicellovirus genus within the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. While BuHV-1 infections in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are often subclinical, clinical manifestations have been reported. This study provides complete genome sequences of five BuHV-1 strains isolated in Argentina, marking the first genomic characterization of BuHV-1 from the Americas. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on whole-genome and coding sequences, along with analyses of glycoproteins C, D, and E, identified a distinct clade and divergent strains. Comparative genomic analyses with publicly available BuHV-1 and Bovine alphaherpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) sequences showed nucleotide divergence of up to 1.3% among BuHV-1 strains, indicating significant intraspecific genetic diversity. Cross-neutralization assays revealed variable relationships between BuHV-1 and BoHV-5 strains. Some Argentinian BuHV-1 strains exhibited significant antigenic subtype differences compared to Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Recombination analyses uncovered events between BuHV-1 and bovine herpesviruses, suggesting a complex evolutionary history within mixed farming systems. The findings indicate that the monophyletic BuHV-1 clade, including the reference BuHV-1 isolate, is representative of the BuHV-1 species. The remaining strains, provisionally classified as BuHV-1 indeterminate (BuHV-1i), can be categorized based on specific clinical and antigenic properties. The identified heterogeneity has significant implications for diagnostic accuracy, vaccine development, and disease management strategies in buffalo populations worldwide.