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Differential innate immune activation by four different CpG-ODNs in porcine and murine cells: Implications for vaccine design

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs (CpG-ODNs) are immunostimulants widely used as vaccine adjuvants. This study evaluated the innate immune responses induced by four CpG-ODNs: [2395 (class C), 1826, 1018, and 2007 (class B)] in porcine and murine cells, r...

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Autores principales: Vedelago, Giuliana, Palacios, Luz M., Castell, Sofía D., Marin, Constanza, Ruiz Moreno, Federico N., Felici, M. Esperanza, Dho, Nicolás D., Allemandi, Daniel A., Palma, Santiago Daniel, Moron, Victor Gabriel, Bessone, Fernando Aníbal, Alustiza, Fabrisio Eduardo, Crespo, Maria Ines, Maletto, Belkys Angélica
Formato: info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2025
Materias:
Vacuna
Respuesta Inmunológica
Coadyuvantes
Cerdo
Ratón
Vaccines
Immune Response
Adjuvants
Swine
Mice
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/22370
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034528825001663
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105692
Sumario:Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs (CpG-ODNs) are immunostimulants widely used as vaccine adjuvants. This study evaluated the innate immune responses induced by four CpG-ODNs: [2395 (class C), 1826, 1018, and 2007 (class B)] in porcine and murine cells, representing species of veterinary and preclinical interest, respectively. Porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and murine splenocytes were stimulated in vitro with each CpG-ODN, and the mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-12p40, IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF, and TLR9 was assessed by RT-qPCR. In porcine cells, only CpG-ODN 2395 significantly upregulated IL-6, IL-12p40, and TLR9. In murine cells, all CpG-ODNs induced IL-6; CpG-ODNs 2395, 1826, and 1018 upregulated IL-12p40; and only CpG-ODN 2395 induced TLR9. Stimulation with CpG-ODNs 2395 and 1018 enhanced IFN-β and IFN-γ expression in porcine cells. In contrast, murine cells showed increased IFN-β levels in response to CpG-ODNs 2395 and 1826, and upregulated IFN-γ following stimulation with CpG-ODNs 2395, 1826, and 1018. TNF expression was exclusively induced in porcine cells by CpG-ODN 1018, 2395, and 2007. Notably, CpG-ODN 1826 exhibited species-specific activity in mice, inducing IL-6, IL-12p40, IFN-β, and IFN-γ. These findings reveal significant interspecies differences in CpG-ODN-induced immune responses, emphasizing the importance of species-specific considerations when selecting CpG-ODNs as vaccine adjuvants for preclinical and veterinary applications.

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