Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding
Coffee quality arises from the interaction among genotype, environment, and postharvest management, yet few large-scale studies jointly integrate agronomic, phytochemical, and processing traits. We characterized 150 Coffea arabica L. accessions from six Peruvian regions, evaluated in the INIA coffee...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2026
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2996 https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010013 |
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| author | Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta Carrera Rojo, Ronald Pío Maraví Loyola, Jazmín Yurema Hermoza Guitiérrez, Marián Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Fernandez Huaytalla, Elizabeth Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lina Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz |
| author_browse | Carrera Rojo, Ronald Pío Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Fernandez Huaytalla, Elizabeth Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lina Hermoza Guitiérrez, Marián Maraví Loyola, Jazmín Yurema Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique |
| author_facet | Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta Carrera Rojo, Ronald Pío Maraví Loyola, Jazmín Yurema Hermoza Guitiérrez, Marián Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Fernandez Huaytalla, Elizabeth Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lina Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz |
| author_sort | Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair |
| collection | Repositorio INIA |
| description | Coffee quality arises from the interaction among genotype, environment, and postharvest management, yet few large-scale studies jointly integrate agronomic, phytochemical, and processing traits. We characterized 150 Coffea arabica L. accessions from six Peruvian regions, evaluated in the INIA coffee germplasm collection, quantifying agro-morphological traits, colorimetric parameters in cherries and beans, fermentation indicators, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. Correlation analyses showed that total phenolics (TPCs) and total flavonoids (TFCs) were strongly associated with antioxidant activity, whereas caffeine content (CAF) varied, largely independently. Several chromatic parameters in parchment and green coffee (a*, b*, C*) showed positive correlations with phenolic content and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP), while final fermentation pH (FPH) was negatively associated with these compounds, supporting both color metrics and pH as operational indicators of chemical quality. Principal component analysis disentangled a morphometric gradient from a functional (phenolic–antioxidant) gradient, indicating that bean size and antioxidant potential can be improved in a semi-independent manner. Hierarchical clustering identified complementary ideotypes, and a multi-trait selection index highlighted promising accessions—PER1002197 (Cajamarca), PER1002222 (Cajamarca), PER1002288 (Pasco), and PER1002184 (Cajamarca)—that combine high phenolic/antioxidant levels, favorable chlorogenic acid (CGA)/trigonelline (TGN) profiles, contrasting (high/low) caffeine, and competitive yield (YPP)/bean size. These accessions represent promising candidates for breeding climate-smart and nutraceutical-oriented coffee. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | INIA2996 |
| institution | Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INIA29962026-01-16T15:56:08Z Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta Carrera Rojo, Ronald Pío Maraví Loyola, Jazmín Yurema Hermoza Guitiérrez, Marián Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Fernandez Huaytalla, Elizabeth Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lina Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz Coffea arabica coffee germplasm bioactive antioxidant activity phenolic compounds chlorogenic acid germoplasma de café bioactivo actividad antioxidante compuestos fenólicos ácido clorogénico https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.04.01 Café; Coffee; Germoplasma; Germplasm; Antioxidante; antioxidants; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic Improvement Coffee quality arises from the interaction among genotype, environment, and postharvest management, yet few large-scale studies jointly integrate agronomic, phytochemical, and processing traits. We characterized 150 Coffea arabica L. accessions from six Peruvian regions, evaluated in the INIA coffee germplasm collection, quantifying agro-morphological traits, colorimetric parameters in cherries and beans, fermentation indicators, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. Correlation analyses showed that total phenolics (TPCs) and total flavonoids (TFCs) were strongly associated with antioxidant activity, whereas caffeine content (CAF) varied, largely independently. Several chromatic parameters in parchment and green coffee (a*, b*, C*) showed positive correlations with phenolic content and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP), while final fermentation pH (FPH) was negatively associated with these compounds, supporting both color metrics and pH as operational indicators of chemical quality. Principal component analysis disentangled a morphometric gradient from a functional (phenolic–antioxidant) gradient, indicating that bean size and antioxidant potential can be improved in a semi-independent manner. Hierarchical clustering identified complementary ideotypes, and a multi-trait selection index highlighted promising accessions—PER1002197 (Cajamarca), PER1002222 (Cajamarca), PER1002288 (Pasco), and PER1002184 (Cajamarca)—that combine high phenolic/antioxidant levels, favorable chlorogenic acid (CGA)/trigonelline (TGN) profiles, contrasting (high/low) caffeine, and competitive yield (YPP)/bean size. These accessions represent promising candidates for breeding climate-smart and nutraceutical-oriented coffee. This research was funded by the Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA) and the project “Mejoramiento de los Servicios de Investigacion en la Caracterizacion de los Recursos Geneticos de la Agrobiodiversidad en 17 Departamentos del Peru—ProAgrobio” CUI N.◦ 2480490. 2026-01-15T22:38:20Z 2026-01-15T22:38:20Z 2025-12-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Cueva-Carhuatanta, C., Choque-Incaluque, E., Carrera-Rojo, R. P., Maravi Loyola, J., Hermoza-Gutiérrez, M., Cántaro-Segura, H., Fernandez-Huaytalla, E., Gutiérrez-Reynoso, D. L., Quispe-Jacobo, F., & Ccapa-Ramirez, K. (2026). Morpho-physicochemical, bioactive, and antioxidant profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. germplasm reveals promising accessions for agronomic and nutraceutical breeding. Plants, 15(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010013 2223-7747 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2996 https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010013 eng urn:issn: 2223-7747 Plants info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf MDPI CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA |
| spellingShingle | Coffea arabica coffee germplasm bioactive antioxidant activity phenolic compounds chlorogenic acid germoplasma de café bioactivo actividad antioxidante compuestos fenólicos ácido clorogénico https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.04.01 Café; Coffee; Germoplasma; Germplasm; Antioxidante; antioxidants; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic Improvement Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta Carrera Rojo, Ronald Pío Maraví Loyola, Jazmín Yurema Hermoza Guitiérrez, Marián Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni Fernandez Huaytalla, Elizabeth Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lina Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title | Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title_full | Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title_fullStr | Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title_short | Morpho-Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Antioxidant Profiling of Peruvian Coffea arabica L. Germplasm Reveals Promising Accessions for Agronomic and Nutraceutical Breeding |
| title_sort | morpho physicochemical bioactive and antioxidant profiling of peruvian coffea arabica l germplasm reveals promising accessions for agronomic and nutraceutical breeding |
| topic | Coffea arabica coffee germplasm bioactive antioxidant activity phenolic compounds chlorogenic acid germoplasma de café bioactivo actividad antioxidante compuestos fenólicos ácido clorogénico https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.04.01 Café; Coffee; Germoplasma; Germplasm; Antioxidante; antioxidants; Mejoramiento genético; Genetic Improvement |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2996 https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010013 |
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