Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru
The growth and yield of sweet peppers are constrained by factors such as fertilization practices and edaphoclimatic conditions, which ultimately threaten global food security in the context of an ever-growing population. This study evaluated the effect of a liquid biofertilizer derived from cocoa hu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2926 https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2025.1673914 |
| _version_ | 1855028609272512512 |
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| author | Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Gaona Jimenez, Nery Lozano , Andi Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry Vallejos Torres, Geomar Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cassia |
| author_browse | Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry Gaona Jimenez, Nery Lozano , Andi Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cassia Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi Vallejos Torres, Geomar |
| author_facet | Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Gaona Jimenez, Nery Lozano , Andi Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry Vallejos Torres, Geomar Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cassia |
| author_sort | Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi |
| collection | Repositorio INIA |
| description | The growth and yield of sweet peppers are constrained by factors such as fertilization practices and edaphoclimatic conditions, which ultimately threaten global food security in the context of an ever-growing population. This study evaluated the effect of a liquid biofertilizer derived from cocoa husks on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet pepper (Capsicum chinense) cultivated in San Martín, Peru. The experiment was conducted at the experimental station of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation in Tarapoto, San Martín, Peru (6°35′00″ S, 76°19′46″ W). A completely randomized design was applied, consisting of five treatments (0, 750, 1250, 2250, and 3000 mL) with 20 plants per treatment, totaling 100 experimental units. The biofertilizer was applied eight days after sowing (days). Plant height, stem diameter, and leaf chlorophyll content were measured at 15, 35, and 85 days. After 85 days, the highest plant height was observed with the 3000 mL and 1250 mL treatments, reaching averages of 29.98 and 28.25 cm, respectively. Stem diameter was maximized with 3000 mL (6.25 cm), whereas the highest chlorophyll content was recorded with 1250 mL, averaging 35.37 SPAD units. These results highlight the potential of liquid biofertilizers produced from cocoa shells to enhance nutrient uptake, increase plant biomass, and improve photosynthetic capacity, thereby contributing to sustainable sweet pepper production. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | INIA2926 |
| institution | Institucional Nacional de Innovación Agraria |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | INIA29262025-11-03T20:34:28Z Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Gaona Jimenez, Nery Lozano , Andi Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry Vallejos Torres, Geomar Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cassia Altura de planta Capsicum chinense Cáscara de cacao Clorofila Diámetro de tallo Biofertilizante líquido Ají dulce Plant height Cocoa shell Chlorophyll Stem diameter Liquid biofertilizer Sweet pepper https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Theobroma cacao; Chocolate tree; Cáscara; Husks; Clorofila; Chlorophylls; Altura de planta; Plant height; Composición de los alimentos; Food composition; Agricultura sostenible; Sustainable agriculture The growth and yield of sweet peppers are constrained by factors such as fertilization practices and edaphoclimatic conditions, which ultimately threaten global food security in the context of an ever-growing population. This study evaluated the effect of a liquid biofertilizer derived from cocoa husks on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet pepper (Capsicum chinense) cultivated in San Martín, Peru. The experiment was conducted at the experimental station of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation in Tarapoto, San Martín, Peru (6°35′00″ S, 76°19′46″ W). A completely randomized design was applied, consisting of five treatments (0, 750, 1250, 2250, and 3000 mL) with 20 plants per treatment, totaling 100 experimental units. The biofertilizer was applied eight days after sowing (days). Plant height, stem diameter, and leaf chlorophyll content were measured at 15, 35, and 85 days. After 85 days, the highest plant height was observed with the 3000 mL and 1250 mL treatments, reaching averages of 29.98 and 28.25 cm, respectively. Stem diameter was maximized with 3000 mL (6.25 cm), whereas the highest chlorophyll content was recorded with 1250 mL, averaging 35.37 SPAD units. These results highlight the potential of liquid biofertilizers produced from cocoa shells to enhance nutrient uptake, increase plant biomass, and improve photosynthetic capacity, thereby contributing to sustainable sweet pepper production. The research was funded by the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), within the framework of the project: "Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali" CUI 2487112. 2025-11-03T17:27:28Z 2025-11-03T17:27:28Z 2025-09-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Solórzano, R., Cruz, J., Gaona-Jimenez, N., Lozano, A., Díaz-Chuquizuta, H., Vallejos-Torres, G., & Siqueira-Bahia, RdC. (2025). Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru. Frontiers in Agronomy, 7, 1673914. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2025.1673914 2673-3218 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2926 https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2025.1673914 eng urn:issn:2673-3218 Frontiers in Agronomy info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf application/pdf Frontiers Media S.A. CH Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria Repositorio Institucional - INIA |
| spellingShingle | Altura de planta Capsicum chinense Cáscara de cacao Clorofila Diámetro de tallo Biofertilizante líquido Ají dulce Plant height Cocoa shell Chlorophyll Stem diameter Liquid biofertilizer Sweet pepper https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Theobroma cacao; Chocolate tree; Cáscara; Husks; Clorofila; Chlorophylls; Altura de planta; Plant height; Composición de los alimentos; Food composition; Agricultura sostenible; Sustainable agriculture Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro Gaona Jimenez, Nery Lozano , Andi Díaz Chuquizuta, Henry Vallejos Torres, Geomar Siqueira Bahia, Rita de Cassia Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title | Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title_full | Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title_fullStr | Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title_short | Impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers (Capsicum chinense L.) in San Martín, Peru |
| title_sort | impact of liquid biofertilizer from cocoa shells on the growth and chlorophyll content of sweet peppers capsicum chinense l in san martin peru |
| topic | Altura de planta Capsicum chinense Cáscara de cacao Clorofila Diámetro de tallo Biofertilizante líquido Ají dulce Plant height Cocoa shell Chlorophyll Stem diameter Liquid biofertilizer Sweet pepper https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01 Theobroma cacao; Chocolate tree; Cáscara; Husks; Clorofila; Chlorophylls; Altura de planta; Plant height; Composición de los alimentos; Food composition; Agricultura sostenible; Sustainable agriculture |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12955/2926 https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2025.1673914 |
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