| Summary: | Trypanocidal drugs are the most widely applied method of trypanosomosis control in Africa and the only control method in Latin America and Asia . Treatment recommendations and strategies for chemotherapeutic control of trypanosomosis depends on information of trypanosomosis risk and the prevalence of trypanocidal drug resistance in the area. Standard laboratory methods to characterise drug resistance in trypanosomes, both in vivo and in vitro, are expensive and time-consuming. In addition, the results of assays in rodents may only approximate the drug resistance status of individual trypanosome populations in cattle. To overcome these constraints, we have developed and applied methods for the assessment of trypanosomosis risk and the level and prevalence of resistance to isometamidium (ISMM), the main prophylactic/curative trypanocide used in sub-Saharan Africa, utilising cattle populations under natural challenge in the field Survival analysis of time to first detection of a trypanosome infection in cattle following a prophylactic ISMM treatment has previously been used in the comparison of conventional intramuscular treatment with treatment using sustained release devices. In this work we describe use of survival analysis in the assessment of trypanocidal drug resistance in cattle under natural tsetse challenge.
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