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Exploiting host immunity and parasite genomics to develop a robust sub-unit vaccine against East Coast fever in cattle - Where are we?

Theileria parva, a tick-borne api-complexan protozoan parasite, causes East Coast fever (ECF) in cattle. Control of the disease by improved vaccination is believed to provide a sustainable solution. Class I MHC-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed at schizontinfected cells constitu...

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Main Authors: Mwangi, David Miano, Graham, S.P., Pelle, Roger, Honda, Y., Tonukari, N.J., Yamage, I.M., Glew, E.J., Villiers, Etienne P. de, Shah, Tushaar, Bishop, Richard P., Abuya, E., Awino, Elias, Gachanja, J., Luyai, A.E., Mbwika, F., Muthiani, A.M., Ndegwa, D.M., Njahira, Moses N., Nyanjui, J.K., Onono, F.O., Osaso, J., Saya, Rosemary M., Wildmann, C., Fraser, C.M., Maudlin, I., Gardner, M.J., Morzaria, S.P., Loosmore, S., Gilbert, S.C., Audonnet, J.C., Bruggen, P. van der, Nene, Vishvanath M., Taracha, E.L.N.
Format: Conference Paper
Language:Inglés
Published: Tanzania Society for Animal Production 2006
Subjects:
cattle
east coast fever
genomes
immunity
disease resistance
hosts
theileria parva
vaccines
parasites
antigens
technology
immunogenetics
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/50513
Summary:Theileria parva, a tick-borne api-complexan protozoan parasite, causes East Coast fever (ECF) in cattle. Control of the disease by improved vaccination is believed to provide a sustainable solution. Class I MHC-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed at schizontinfected cells constitute the effector immune mechanism against ECF in cattle recovering from a single or multiple infection(s). Schizont antigens recognised by CTL are therefore prime vaccine candidates. We describe a rational approach used to identify 8 CTL target antigens as vaccine candidates. The genes encoding the target antigens have been engineered in plasmid DNA and viral vectors for evaluating their immunogenicity and efficacy in cattle. In a preliminary trial, five of the candidate vaccines demonstrated the capacity to induce CTL responses that correlated with survival and reduced disease severity following a lethal parasite challenge.

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