Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study

Rift Valley fever (RVF) and brucellosis are serious zoonotic diseases with significant public health and economic consequences. In livestock, both diseases are associated with abortions that are not routinely reported as part of disease surveillance. We piloted a community-driven call centre initiat...

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Autores principales: Walekhwa, A.W., Conlan, A.J.K., Atim, S.A., Ademun, A.R., Hasahya, Emmanuel, Wood, J.L.N., Mugisha, L.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Nature Research 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178432
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author Walekhwa, A.W.
Conlan, A.J.K.
Atim, S.A.
Ademun, A.R.
Hasahya, Emmanuel
Wood, J.L.N.
Mugisha, L.
author_browse Ademun, A.R.
Atim, S.A.
Conlan, A.J.K.
Hasahya, Emmanuel
Mugisha, L.
Walekhwa, A.W.
Wood, J.L.N.
author_facet Walekhwa, A.W.
Conlan, A.J.K.
Atim, S.A.
Ademun, A.R.
Hasahya, Emmanuel
Wood, J.L.N.
Mugisha, L.
author_sort Walekhwa, A.W.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Rift Valley fever (RVF) and brucellosis are serious zoonotic diseases with significant public health and economic consequences. In livestock, both diseases are associated with abortions that are not routinely reported as part of disease surveillance. We piloted a community-driven call centre initiative in Isingiro District, Uganda, from March to June 2023, aimed at facilitating the reporting of livestock abortions. The community call centre was promoted through stakeholder engagements, social media campaigns, and targeted sensitisation materials. Over three months, we received 53 alerts reporting 423 livestock abortions. We investigated 78% of these alerts and collected 200 serum samples. Of these, 184 samples were tested via ELISA for RVF virus antibodies (IgG and IgM), while all 200 were screened for anti-Brucella (IgG) antibodies using validated commercial kits. The proportion of aborting livestock testing positive for IgG antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) was 38% [95% CI 29–47] in cattle, 33% [95% CI 14–61] in sheep, and 20% [95% CI 12–31] in goats. For IgM, sheep showed the highest proportion at 8% [95% CI 1–35], followed by cattle at 2% [95% CI 1–6]. Further analysis showed that cattle had a 2.9-fold elevated odds of RVF IgG seropositivity relative to sheep and goats (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.27–7.07, P = 0.014). The proportion of aborting livestock testing positive for IgG antibodies to brucellosis was 36% [95% CI 25–49] in goats and 16% [95% CI 11–23] in cattle, with no evidence of antibodies found in the sampled sheep. Our pilot study revealed high seropositivity to RVFV and brucellosis in cattle, sheep, and goats that had recently experienced abortions. This study demonstrates that early reporting of abortions by communities, followed by immediate collection of samples for diagnosis, could facilitate early detection and response to outbreaks. Furthermore, the response registered at the call centre by livestock owners has the potential for collaborative efforts to establish disease reporting and surveillance, thereby enabling more timely interventions.
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spelling CGSpace1784322025-12-02T13:51:51Z Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study Walekhwa, A.W. Conlan, A.J.K. Atim, S.A. Ademun, A.R. Hasahya, Emmanuel Wood, J.L.N. Mugisha, L. brucellosis livestock rift valley fever zoonoses Rift Valley fever (RVF) and brucellosis are serious zoonotic diseases with significant public health and economic consequences. In livestock, both diseases are associated with abortions that are not routinely reported as part of disease surveillance. We piloted a community-driven call centre initiative in Isingiro District, Uganda, from March to June 2023, aimed at facilitating the reporting of livestock abortions. The community call centre was promoted through stakeholder engagements, social media campaigns, and targeted sensitisation materials. Over three months, we received 53 alerts reporting 423 livestock abortions. We investigated 78% of these alerts and collected 200 serum samples. Of these, 184 samples were tested via ELISA for RVF virus antibodies (IgG and IgM), while all 200 were screened for anti-Brucella (IgG) antibodies using validated commercial kits. The proportion of aborting livestock testing positive for IgG antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) was 38% [95% CI 29–47] in cattle, 33% [95% CI 14–61] in sheep, and 20% [95% CI 12–31] in goats. For IgM, sheep showed the highest proportion at 8% [95% CI 1–35], followed by cattle at 2% [95% CI 1–6]. Further analysis showed that cattle had a 2.9-fold elevated odds of RVF IgG seropositivity relative to sheep and goats (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.27–7.07, P = 0.014). The proportion of aborting livestock testing positive for IgG antibodies to brucellosis was 36% [95% CI 25–49] in goats and 16% [95% CI 11–23] in cattle, with no evidence of antibodies found in the sampled sheep. Our pilot study revealed high seropositivity to RVFV and brucellosis in cattle, sheep, and goats that had recently experienced abortions. This study demonstrates that early reporting of abortions by communities, followed by immediate collection of samples for diagnosis, could facilitate early detection and response to outbreaks. Furthermore, the response registered at the call centre by livestock owners has the potential for collaborative efforts to establish disease reporting and surveillance, thereby enabling more timely interventions. 2025-11-28 2025-12-02T07:01:33Z 2025-12-02T07:01:33Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178432 en Open Access Nature Research Walekhwa, A.W., Conlan, A.J.K., Atim, S.A., Ademun, A.R., Hasahya, E., Wood, J.L.N. and Mugisha, L. 2025. Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study. Scientific Reports 15:42641.
spellingShingle brucellosis
livestock
rift valley fever
zoonoses
Walekhwa, A.W.
Conlan, A.J.K.
Atim, S.A.
Ademun, A.R.
Hasahya, Emmanuel
Wood, J.L.N.
Mugisha, L.
Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title_full Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title_fullStr Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title_short Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in Uganda: a pilot study
title_sort exploring community based reporting of livestock abortions for rift valley fever and brucellosis surveillance in uganda a pilot study
topic brucellosis
livestock
rift valley fever
zoonoses
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178432
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