A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia

Micronutrient malnutrition affects 2 billion people worldwide and biofortification—the process of breeding and delivering staple food crops with higher micronutrient content— could prove to be a cost-effective strategy for its alleviation. There is, however, a dearth of information on where and in w...

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Main Authors: Funes, José, González, Carolina, Perez, S., Birol, Ekin, Moursi, Mourad, Zeller, Manfred
Format: Conference Paper
Language:Inglés
Published: European Association of Agricultural Economists 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/150914
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author Funes, José
González, Carolina
Perez, S.
Birol, Ekin
Moursi, Mourad
Zeller, Manfred
author_browse Birol, Ekin
Funes, José
González, Carolina
Moursi, Mourad
Perez, S.
Zeller, Manfred
author_facet Funes, José
González, Carolina
Perez, S.
Birol, Ekin
Moursi, Mourad
Zeller, Manfred
author_sort Funes, José
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Micronutrient malnutrition affects 2 billion people worldwide and biofortification—the process of breeding and delivering staple food crops with higher micronutrient content— could prove to be a cost-effective strategy for its alleviation. There is, however, a dearth of information on where and in which crop-micronutrient combinations to invest for this strategy to be most effective and yield the highest impact. To fill in this gap, a global biofortification index (BPI) was developed (Asare-Marfo et al., 2013). It is based on three sub-indexes, namely production, consumption, and micronutrient deficiency, all developed with subnational-level representative data. The Global BPI, however, is not granular enough to suggest within country investment opportunities for biofortification. In this paper we develop a methodology for a subnational-level BPI, using Colombia as a case study. In order to guide strategies for geographic targeting and intervention within country, we set statistical conditions for each sub-index and classify geographic targeted areas as areas of: (1) impact and intervention, (2) impact, or (3) intervention. To further identify geographic areas for intervention, a spatial interaction index derived from an economic gravity model is used. This spatial interaction index helps to identify and link foodsurplus and food-deficit areas. Our empirical results show that crops biofortified with zinc, namely white maize and rice, should be introduced in the North Coast of Colombia; crops biofortified with vitamin A, namely yellow maize and cassava, should be introduced primarily in the Atlantic and Amazon regions of the country. Introduction of iron-biofortified beans in the Andean region, especially Tolima and Antioquia, could have the greatest impact. Finally, we also estimate area- or population-weighted subnational BPIs, which, depending on the objective, takes into account the intensity of crop production as well as the proportion of people at risk of micronutrient deficiency. Funes, J.; González, C.; Birol, E.; Moursi, M.; Zeller, M.
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spelling CGSpace1509142024-11-13T12:23:14Z A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia Funes, José González, Carolina Perez, S. Birol, Ekin Moursi, Mourad Zeller, Manfred biofortification food balance sheets Micronutrient malnutrition affects 2 billion people worldwide and biofortification—the process of breeding and delivering staple food crops with higher micronutrient content— could prove to be a cost-effective strategy for its alleviation. There is, however, a dearth of information on where and in which crop-micronutrient combinations to invest for this strategy to be most effective and yield the highest impact. To fill in this gap, a global biofortification index (BPI) was developed (Asare-Marfo et al., 2013). It is based on three sub-indexes, namely production, consumption, and micronutrient deficiency, all developed with subnational-level representative data. The Global BPI, however, is not granular enough to suggest within country investment opportunities for biofortification. In this paper we develop a methodology for a subnational-level BPI, using Colombia as a case study. In order to guide strategies for geographic targeting and intervention within country, we set statistical conditions for each sub-index and classify geographic targeted areas as areas of: (1) impact and intervention, (2) impact, or (3) intervention. To further identify geographic areas for intervention, a spatial interaction index derived from an economic gravity model is used. This spatial interaction index helps to identify and link foodsurplus and food-deficit areas. Our empirical results show that crops biofortified with zinc, namely white maize and rice, should be introduced in the North Coast of Colombia; crops biofortified with vitamin A, namely yellow maize and cassava, should be introduced primarily in the Atlantic and Amazon regions of the country. Introduction of iron-biofortified beans in the Andean region, especially Tolima and Antioquia, could have the greatest impact. Finally, we also estimate area- or population-weighted subnational BPIs, which, depending on the objective, takes into account the intensity of crop production as well as the proportion of people at risk of micronutrient deficiency. Funes, J.; González, C.; Birol, E.; Moursi, M.; Zeller, M. 2015-12-03 2024-08-01T02:54:16Z 2024-08-01T02:54:16Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/150914 en Open Access European Association of Agricultural Economists Funes, José; González, Carolina; Perez, S.; Birol, Ekin; Moursi, Mourad; and Zeller, Manfred. 2015. A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia. Paper presented for presentation at the 150th EAAE Seminar. Edinburgh, UK, October 22-23, 2015. https://purl.umn.edu/212674
spellingShingle biofortification
food balance sheets
Funes, José
González, Carolina
Perez, S.
Birol, Ekin
Moursi, Mourad
Zeller, Manfred
A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title_full A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title_fullStr A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title_full_unstemmed A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title_short A spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in Colombia
title_sort spatial perspective to introducing biofortified staple food crops in colombia
topic biofortification
food balance sheets
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/150914
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