Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia
Background: Children with under-five year age disproportionally affected with foodborne illness. Campylobacteriosis is the most common foodborne disease next to Norovirus infection. Macrolides are commonly prescribed as the first line of treatment for <i>Campylobacter</i> gastroenteritis, with fluor...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148910 |
| _version_ | 1855515980449447936 |
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| author | Worku, M. Tessema, B. Ferede, G. Ochieng, Linnet Leliso, S.A. Mutua, Florence Moodley, Arshnee Grace, Delia Gelaw, B. |
| author_browse | Ferede, G. Gelaw, B. Grace, Delia Leliso, S.A. Moodley, Arshnee Mutua, Florence Ochieng, Linnet Tessema, B. Worku, M. |
| author_facet | Worku, M. Tessema, B. Ferede, G. Ochieng, Linnet Leliso, S.A. Mutua, Florence Moodley, Arshnee Grace, Delia Gelaw, B. |
| author_sort | Worku, M. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Background: Children with under-five year age disproportionally affected with foodborne illness. Campylobacteriosis is the most common foodborne disease next to Norovirus infection. Macrolides are commonly prescribed as the first line of treatment for <i>Campylobacter</i> gastroenteritis, with fluoroquinolone and tetracycline as secondary options. However, resistance to these alternatives has been reported in various regions worldwide.
Objective:To determine the prevalence, associated risk-factors and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> among under-five children with diarrhea.
Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2022 to April 2023. The study sites were selected using a random sampling technique, while the study subjects were included using a convenient sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were inoculated onto modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar and incubated for 48 hours. The suspected colonies were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry to confirm the species. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a disc diffusion technique. All potential covariates (independent variables) were analyzed one by one using bivariate logistic regression model to identify candidate variables with P value < 0.25. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to identify potential associated factors using the candidate variables. A p value ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was statistically significant.
Result: Among the 428 samples, 7.0% (CI: 4.5–9.3) were confirmed <i>Campylobacter</i> species. The prevalence of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> among under-five children was 5.1% (CI: 3.0–7.0) and 1.9% (CI: 0.7–3.3), respectively. <i>C. jejuni</i> (73.3%) was dominant over <i>C. coli</i> (26.7%). The resident, contact with domestic animals, and parents/guardians education level were significantly associated with campylobacteriosis among under-five children. One-third of the <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates (33.3%, 10/30) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline whereas 10.0% (3/30) were resistant to erythromycin. Furthermore, 3.3% (1/30) of the <i>Campylobacter</i> were found to be multidrug-resistant.
Conclusion: The prevalence of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was 7.0%. The resistance rate of <i>Campylobacter</i> species of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline-resistance strains was 33.3%. Peri-urban residence, contact with domestic animals, and low parental educational statuses were significantly associated factors with increased risk of <i>Campylobacter</i> infection. Continuous surveillance on antimicrobial resistance and health education of personal and environmental hygiene should be implemented in the community. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace148910 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1489102025-12-08T10:06:44Z Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia Worku, M. Tessema, B. Ferede, G. Ochieng, Linnet Leliso, S.A. Mutua, Florence Moodley, Arshnee Grace, Delia Gelaw, B. antimicrobial resistance health Background: Children with under-five year age disproportionally affected with foodborne illness. Campylobacteriosis is the most common foodborne disease next to Norovirus infection. Macrolides are commonly prescribed as the first line of treatment for <i>Campylobacter</i> gastroenteritis, with fluoroquinolone and tetracycline as secondary options. However, resistance to these alternatives has been reported in various regions worldwide. Objective:To determine the prevalence, associated risk-factors and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> among under-five children with diarrhea. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2022 to April 2023. The study sites were selected using a random sampling technique, while the study subjects were included using a convenient sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were inoculated onto modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar and incubated for 48 hours. The suspected colonies were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry to confirm the species. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a disc diffusion technique. All potential covariates (independent variables) were analyzed one by one using bivariate logistic regression model to identify candidate variables with P value < 0.25. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to identify potential associated factors using the candidate variables. A p value ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was statistically significant. Result: Among the 428 samples, 7.0% (CI: 4.5–9.3) were confirmed <i>Campylobacter</i> species. The prevalence of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> among under-five children was 5.1% (CI: 3.0–7.0) and 1.9% (CI: 0.7–3.3), respectively. <i>C. jejuni</i> (73.3%) was dominant over <i>C. coli</i> (26.7%). The resident, contact with domestic animals, and parents/guardians education level were significantly associated with campylobacteriosis among under-five children. One-third of the <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates (33.3%, 10/30) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline whereas 10.0% (3/30) were resistant to erythromycin. Furthermore, 3.3% (1/30) of the <i>Campylobacter</i> were found to be multidrug-resistant. Conclusion: The prevalence of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was 7.0%. The resistance rate of <i>Campylobacter</i> species of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline-resistance strains was 33.3%. Peri-urban residence, contact with domestic animals, and low parental educational statuses were significantly associated factors with increased risk of <i>Campylobacter</i> infection. Continuous surveillance on antimicrobial resistance and health education of personal and environmental hygiene should be implemented in the community. 2024-07-03 2024-07-04T07:15:08Z 2024-07-04T07:15:08Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148910 en Open Access Worku, M., Tessema, B., Ferede, G., Ochieng, L., Leliso, S.A., Mutua, F., Moodley, A., Grace, D. and Gelaw, B. 2024. <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. PLOS ONE 19(7): e0304409. |
| spellingShingle | antimicrobial resistance health Worku, M. Tessema, B. Ferede, G. Ochieng, Linnet Leliso, S.A. Mutua, Florence Moodley, Arshnee Grace, Delia Gelaw, B. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title | Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full | Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_short | Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_sort | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infection determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under five children with diarrhea in amhara national regional state northwest ethiopia |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance health |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148910 |
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