The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys

Iron deficiency is commonly assumed to cause half of all cases of anemias, with hereditary blood disorders and infections such as hookworm and malaria being the other major causes. In countries ranked as low, medium, and high by the Human Development Index, we conducted a systematic review of nation...

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Autores principales: Petry, Nicolai, Olofin, Ibironke, Hurrell, Richard F., Boy, Erick, Wirth, James P., Moursi, Mourad, Angel, Moira Donahue, Rohner, Fabian
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2016
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Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148469
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author Petry, Nicolai
Olofin, Ibironke
Hurrell, Richard F.
Boy, Erick
Wirth, James P.
Moursi, Mourad
Angel, Moira Donahue
Rohner, Fabian
author_browse Angel, Moira Donahue
Boy, Erick
Hurrell, Richard F.
Moursi, Mourad
Olofin, Ibironke
Petry, Nicolai
Rohner, Fabian
Wirth, James P.
author_facet Petry, Nicolai
Olofin, Ibironke
Hurrell, Richard F.
Boy, Erick
Wirth, James P.
Moursi, Mourad
Angel, Moira Donahue
Rohner, Fabian
author_sort Petry, Nicolai
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Iron deficiency is commonly assumed to cause half of all cases of anemias, with hereditary blood disorders and infections such as hookworm and malaria being the other major causes. In countries ranked as low, medium, and high by the Human Development Index, we conducted a systematic review of nationally representative surveys that reported the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and anemia among pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Using random effects meta-analyses techniques, data from 23 countries for pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age was pooled, and the proportion of anemia attributable to iron deficiency was estimated by region, inflammation exposure, anemia prevalence, and urban/rural setting. For pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age, the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was 25.0% (95% CI: 18.0, 32.0) and 37.0% (95% CI: 28.0, 46.0), respectively. The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was lower in countries where anemia prevalence was >40%, especially in rural populations (14% for pre-school children; 16% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age), and in countries with very high inflammation exposure (20% for pre-school children; 25% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age). Despite large heterogeneity, our analyses suggest that the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency is lower than the previously assumed 50% in countries with low, medium, or high Human Development Index ranking. Anemia-reduction strategies and programs should be based on an analysis of country-specific data, as iron deficiency may not always be the key determinant of anemia.
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spelling CGSpace1484692025-12-08T10:29:22Z The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys Petry, Nicolai Olofin, Ibironke Hurrell, Richard F. Boy, Erick Wirth, James P. Moursi, Mourad Angel, Moira Donahue Rohner, Fabian human development stages anaemia nutrition mothers children iron iron deficiency Iron deficiency is commonly assumed to cause half of all cases of anemias, with hereditary blood disorders and infections such as hookworm and malaria being the other major causes. In countries ranked as low, medium, and high by the Human Development Index, we conducted a systematic review of nationally representative surveys that reported the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and anemia among pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Using random effects meta-analyses techniques, data from 23 countries for pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age was pooled, and the proportion of anemia attributable to iron deficiency was estimated by region, inflammation exposure, anemia prevalence, and urban/rural setting. For pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age, the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was 25.0% (95% CI: 18.0, 32.0) and 37.0% (95% CI: 28.0, 46.0), respectively. The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was lower in countries where anemia prevalence was >40%, especially in rural populations (14% for pre-school children; 16% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age), and in countries with very high inflammation exposure (20% for pre-school children; 25% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age). Despite large heterogeneity, our analyses suggest that the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency is lower than the previously assumed 50% in countries with low, medium, or high Human Development Index ranking. Anemia-reduction strategies and programs should be based on an analysis of country-specific data, as iron deficiency may not always be the key determinant of anemia. 2016-11-10 2024-06-21T09:24:46Z 2024-06-21T09:24:46Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148469 en Open Access MDPI Petry, Nicolai; Olofin, Ibironke; Hurrell, Richard F.; Boy, Erick; Wirth, James P.; Moursi, Mourad; Angel, Moira Donahue; and Rohner, Fabian. 2016. The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys. Nutrients 2016, 8(11), 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8110693
spellingShingle human development stages
anaemia
nutrition
mothers
children
iron
iron deficiency
Petry, Nicolai
Olofin, Ibironke
Hurrell, Richard F.
Boy, Erick
Wirth, James P.
Moursi, Mourad
Angel, Moira Donahue
Rohner, Fabian
The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title_full The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title_fullStr The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title_full_unstemmed The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title_short The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: A systematic analysis of national surveys
title_sort proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low medium and high human development index countries a systematic analysis of national surveys
topic human development stages
anaemia
nutrition
mothers
children
iron
iron deficiency
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/148469
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