Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds
Seeds of cereals (wheat, barley) and legumes (faba bean, lentil, chickpea, grasspea) are important exchange materials for farming, crop production, and research at national, regional, and international levels, but with the exchanges comes the danger of introducing new pests (fungi, bacteria, viruses...
| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Conference Paper |
| Lenguaje: | árabe Inglés |
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Arab Society for Plant Protection
2023
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135230 |
| _version_ | 1855520810162192384 |
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| author | Kumari, Safaa Moukahel, Abdulrahman El Miziani, Inaam Darwish, Iman |
| author_browse | Darwish, Iman El Miziani, Inaam Kumari, Safaa Moukahel, Abdulrahman |
| author_facet | Kumari, Safaa Moukahel, Abdulrahman El Miziani, Inaam Darwish, Iman |
| author_sort | Kumari, Safaa |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Seeds of cereals (wheat, barley) and legumes (faba bean, lentil, chickpea, grasspea) are important exchange materials for farming, crop production, and research at national, regional, and international levels, but with the exchanges comes the danger of introducing new pests (fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and insects). ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) is responsible for the monitoring, clearance, and documentation of safe germplasm movement at the Center. All incoming and outgoing genetic resources and breeding germplasm must pass through a strict quarantine monitoring system, including seed health testing. To confirm the health status of seed samples, the GHU conducts different types of tests based on the crops and the nature of the target pest. These tests can be classified into the following four distinct detection groups: direct inspection, incubation tests, immunoassays, and molecular tests. Ideally, seed health tests should be sensitive, specific, rapid, robust, low-cost, and simple to implement and interpret. Thus, ICARDA’s GHU applies different detection assays as part of the monitoring and management system, i.e. (i) visual inspection and floating test for stored insects, (ii) centrifuge washing, agar plate and freezing blotter tests for fungi, (iii) TBIA and ELISA for viruses, (iv) nematode extraction test for nematodes, and (v) agglutination test for bacteria. These tests permit rapid analysis of a large number of samples at a relatively low cost. ICARDA's GHU also developed and applied molecular tools such as high throughput, short lead times, and accurate assays. To fulfill legal and regulatory requirements for certified seed classes and allow for seed movement across international boundaries, ICARDA’s GHU processes annually over 50k samples tested for around 650k diagnostic reactions, for the purpose of short- and long-term conservation, distribution to a minimum of 90 countries and elimination of approximately 10-15% of pest-contaminated samples that could not be curated using phytosanitary treatments. The rejected samples were contaminated generally with fungi, nematodes, and viruses. |
| format | Conference Paper |
| id | CGSpace135230 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Arabic Inglés |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Arab Society for Plant Protection |
| publisherStr | Arab Society for Plant Protection |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1352302026-01-14T02:04:52Z Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds Kumari, Safaa Moukahel, Abdulrahman El Miziani, Inaam Darwish, Iman legumes cereals seed and plant health diagnostic tools food secuity seed-borne diseases/pests Seeds of cereals (wheat, barley) and legumes (faba bean, lentil, chickpea, grasspea) are important exchange materials for farming, crop production, and research at national, regional, and international levels, but with the exchanges comes the danger of introducing new pests (fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and insects). ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) is responsible for the monitoring, clearance, and documentation of safe germplasm movement at the Center. All incoming and outgoing genetic resources and breeding germplasm must pass through a strict quarantine monitoring system, including seed health testing. To confirm the health status of seed samples, the GHU conducts different types of tests based on the crops and the nature of the target pest. These tests can be classified into the following four distinct detection groups: direct inspection, incubation tests, immunoassays, and molecular tests. Ideally, seed health tests should be sensitive, specific, rapid, robust, low-cost, and simple to implement and interpret. Thus, ICARDA’s GHU applies different detection assays as part of the monitoring and management system, i.e. (i) visual inspection and floating test for stored insects, (ii) centrifuge washing, agar plate and freezing blotter tests for fungi, (iii) TBIA and ELISA for viruses, (iv) nematode extraction test for nematodes, and (v) agglutination test for bacteria. These tests permit rapid analysis of a large number of samples at a relatively low cost. ICARDA's GHU also developed and applied molecular tools such as high throughput, short lead times, and accurate assays. To fulfill legal and regulatory requirements for certified seed classes and allow for seed movement across international boundaries, ICARDA’s GHU processes annually over 50k samples tested for around 650k diagnostic reactions, for the purpose of short- and long-term conservation, distribution to a minimum of 90 countries and elimination of approximately 10-15% of pest-contaminated samples that could not be curated using phytosanitary treatments. The rejected samples were contaminated generally with fungi, nematodes, and viruses. 2023-06-01 2023-12-11T20:22:25Z 2023-12-11T20:22:25Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135230 ar en Open Access application/pdf Arab Society for Plant Protection Kumari, S. G, A. Moukahel, I. El-Miziani and I. Darwish. 2023. Diagnostic tools applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for detection of pests and diseases transmitted via legume and cereal seeds. Abstracts of papers presented in a regional workshop entitled “Advances in Plant Health Technologies in Healthy Plant Propagation Materials Production and Distribution and its role in Food Security”, Basra – Iraq, 15-16 May 2023. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(2): 201-202. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.2.197225 |
| spellingShingle | legumes cereals seed and plant health diagnostic tools food secuity seed-borne diseases/pests Kumari, Safaa Moukahel, Abdulrahman El Miziani, Inaam Darwish, Iman Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title | Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title_full | Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title_short | Diagnostic Tools Applied by ICARDA’s Germplasm Health Unit (GHU) for Detection of Pests and Diseases Transmitted via Legume and Cereal Seeds |
| title_sort | diagnostic tools applied by icarda s germplasm health unit ghu for detection of pests and diseases transmitted via legume and cereal seeds |
| topic | legumes cereals seed and plant health diagnostic tools food secuity seed-borne diseases/pests |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/135230 |
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