Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels

Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are single-humped animals found throughout the deserts of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the southwest of Asia. This well-adapted species is mainly used for milk and meat production, although some specific types exhibit superior running performance and are...

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Main Authors: Bahbahani, Hussain, Musa H.H., Wragg, D., Shuiep, E.S., Almathen, F., Hanotte, Olivier H.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Frontiers Media 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/105902
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author Bahbahani, Hussain
Musa H.H.
Wragg, D.
Shuiep, E.S.
Almathen, F.
Hanotte, Olivier H.
author_browse Almathen, F.
Bahbahani, Hussain
Hanotte, Olivier H.
Musa H.H.
Shuiep, E.S.
Wragg, D.
author_facet Bahbahani, Hussain
Musa H.H.
Wragg, D.
Shuiep, E.S.
Almathen, F.
Hanotte, Olivier H.
author_sort Bahbahani, Hussain
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are single-humped animals found throughout the deserts of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the southwest of Asia. This well-adapted species is mainly used for milk and meat production, although some specific types exhibit superior running performance and are used in racing competitions. However, neither performance nor production camels are bred under intensive genomic selection programs with specific aims to improve these traits. In this study, the full genome sequence data of six camels from the Arabian Peninsula and the genotyping-by-sequencing data of 44 camels (29 packing and 15 racing) from Sudan were analyzed to assess their genome diversities, relationships, and candidate signatures of positive selection. Genome ADMIXTURE and principle component analyses indicate clear geographic separation between the Sudanese and the Arabian Peninsula camels, but with no population-specific genetic distinction within populations. Camel samples from the Arabian Peninsula show higher mean heterozygosity (0.560 ± 0.003) than those from Sudan (0.347 ± 0.003). Analyses of signatures of selection, using pooled heterozygosity (Hp) approach, in the Sudanese camels revealed 176, 189, and 308 candidate regions under positive selection in the combined and packing and racing camel populations, respectively. These regions host genes that might be associated with adaptation to arid environment, dairy traits, energy homeostasis, and chondrogenesis. Eight regions show high genetic differentiation, based on Fst analysis, between the Sudanese packing and racing camel types. Genes associated with chondrogenesis, energy balance, and urinary system development were found within these regions. Our results advocate for further detailed investigation of the genome of the dromedary camel to identify and characterize genes and variants associated with their valuable phenotypic traits. The results of which may support the development of breeding programs to improve the production and performance traits of this unique domesticated species.
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spelling CGSpace1059022024-10-03T07:40:58Z Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels Bahbahani, Hussain Musa H.H. Wragg, D. Shuiep, E.S. Almathen, F. Hanotte, Olivier H. camels animal products milk production dairies genetics animal breeding Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are single-humped animals found throughout the deserts of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the southwest of Asia. This well-adapted species is mainly used for milk and meat production, although some specific types exhibit superior running performance and are used in racing competitions. However, neither performance nor production camels are bred under intensive genomic selection programs with specific aims to improve these traits. In this study, the full genome sequence data of six camels from the Arabian Peninsula and the genotyping-by-sequencing data of 44 camels (29 packing and 15 racing) from Sudan were analyzed to assess their genome diversities, relationships, and candidate signatures of positive selection. Genome ADMIXTURE and principle component analyses indicate clear geographic separation between the Sudanese and the Arabian Peninsula camels, but with no population-specific genetic distinction within populations. Camel samples from the Arabian Peninsula show higher mean heterozygosity (0.560 ± 0.003) than those from Sudan (0.347 ± 0.003). Analyses of signatures of selection, using pooled heterozygosity (Hp) approach, in the Sudanese camels revealed 176, 189, and 308 candidate regions under positive selection in the combined and packing and racing camel populations, respectively. These regions host genes that might be associated with adaptation to arid environment, dairy traits, energy homeostasis, and chondrogenesis. Eight regions show high genetic differentiation, based on Fst analysis, between the Sudanese packing and racing camel types. Genes associated with chondrogenesis, energy balance, and urinary system development were found within these regions. Our results advocate for further detailed investigation of the genome of the dromedary camel to identify and characterize genes and variants associated with their valuable phenotypic traits. The results of which may support the development of breeding programs to improve the production and performance traits of this unique domesticated species. 2019-09-19 2019-11-26T18:31:26Z 2019-11-26T18:31:26Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/105902 en Open Access Frontiers Media Bahbahani, H., Musa H.H., Wragg, D., Shuiep, E.S., Almathen, F. and Hanotte, O. 2019. Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 10:893.
spellingShingle camels
animal products
milk production
dairies
genetics
animal breeding
Bahbahani, Hussain
Musa H.H.
Wragg, D.
Shuiep, E.S.
Almathen, F.
Hanotte, Olivier H.
Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title_full Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title_fullStr Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title_full_unstemmed Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title_short Genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
title_sort genome diversity and signatures of selection for production and performance traits in dromedary camels
topic camels
animal products
milk production
dairies
genetics
animal breeding
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/105902
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