General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe
In many cases, disease in the animal population is regarded as only an animal health issue, but may often also constitute a risk to public health. This applies especially in developing countries where people often are living under conditions of extreme poverty and then often in close proximity to th...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | H3 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Clinical Sciences (until 231231)
2015
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571533282410496 |
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| author | Johansson, Sandra |
| author_browse | Johansson, Sandra |
| author_facet | Johansson, Sandra |
| author_sort | Johansson, Sandra |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | In many cases, disease in the animal population is regarded as only an animal health issue, but may often also constitute a risk to public health. This applies especially in developing countries where people often are living under conditions of extreme poverty and then often in close proximity to their animals. It is often cheaper to prevent diseases within the animal population than it is to treat disease in the human population. However, to prevent diseases in a population it is important to know which infectious diseases are circulating. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of selected infectious diseases in the dog population in Lilongwe, Malawi, by testing a sample population of 100 dogs. Samples were collected from 40 free roaming dogs and 40 dogs kept chained outdoors, all participating in vaccination and spaying campaigns. In addition, samples were collected from 20 dogs visiting the Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals veterinary clinic as clients. In total 100 blood samples and 40 faecal samples were analysed and 100 dogs went through a general physical exam including getting their coats checked for ectoparasites. The blood samples were analysed using commercial snap tests and the faecal samples by faecal floatation in saturated NaCl. The sampled population had a prevalence of 12% for Anaplasma spp, 22% for Ehrlichia canis, 4% for Dirofilaria immitis and 1% for Leishmania spp. No dogs were positive for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi. Eggs from Ancylostoma spp were found in 80% of the collected faecal samples. Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara canis and Toxoscaris leonine were not as common with a prevalence of 2.5%, 7.5% and 12.5% respectively. There was a high prevalence of ectoparasites, especially fleas which were present on 97.5% of the sampled community dogs and also lice that were present on 25.0%. Ticks were not as common with a prevalence of 11.3%. Ectoparasites were not as common on the client dogs, assumingly because of regular treatment with different spot-on medication and lesser contact with other dogs and infected environment. |
| format | H3 |
| id | RepoSLU9510 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Clinical Sciences (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Clinical Sciences (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU95102016-09-09T15:10:21Z General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe Generell hälsostatus hos hundpopulationen i Lilongwe Johansson, Sandra prevalence infectious agents dogs dog population free roaming dogs zoonotic disease animal welfare Anaplasma spp. Borrelia burgdorferi Ehrlichia canis Dirofilaria immitis Ancylostoma spp. Leishmania spp. Toxocara canis Toxoscaris leonina Trichuris spp. In many cases, disease in the animal population is regarded as only an animal health issue, but may often also constitute a risk to public health. This applies especially in developing countries where people often are living under conditions of extreme poverty and then often in close proximity to their animals. It is often cheaper to prevent diseases within the animal population than it is to treat disease in the human population. However, to prevent diseases in a population it is important to know which infectious diseases are circulating. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of selected infectious diseases in the dog population in Lilongwe, Malawi, by testing a sample population of 100 dogs. Samples were collected from 40 free roaming dogs and 40 dogs kept chained outdoors, all participating in vaccination and spaying campaigns. In addition, samples were collected from 20 dogs visiting the Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals veterinary clinic as clients. In total 100 blood samples and 40 faecal samples were analysed and 100 dogs went through a general physical exam including getting their coats checked for ectoparasites. The blood samples were analysed using commercial snap tests and the faecal samples by faecal floatation in saturated NaCl. The sampled population had a prevalence of 12% for Anaplasma spp, 22% for Ehrlichia canis, 4% for Dirofilaria immitis and 1% for Leishmania spp. No dogs were positive for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi. Eggs from Ancylostoma spp were found in 80% of the collected faecal samples. Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara canis and Toxoscaris leonine were not as common with a prevalence of 2.5%, 7.5% and 12.5% respectively. There was a high prevalence of ectoparasites, especially fleas which were present on 97.5% of the sampled community dogs and also lice that were present on 25.0%. Ticks were not as common with a prevalence of 11.3%. Ectoparasites were not as common on the client dogs, assumingly because of regular treatment with different spot-on medication and lesser contact with other dogs and infected environment. I många fall anses sjukdomar i djurpopulationen vara enbart ett djurvälfärdsproblem men de kan även utgöra en risk för humanhälsan. Detta gäller framför allt i utvecklingsländer där människor lever i utbredd fattigdom och djuren ofta hålls i närmiljön. Det är ofta billigare att förebygga sjukdom i djurpopulationen än vad det är att behandla sjukdom i den humana populationen. För att förebygga sjukdom i en population är det dock viktigt att veta vilka infektiösa sjukdomar som cirkulerar. Målet med denna studie var att bestämma prevalensen av utvalda infektiösa sjukdomar hos hundpopulationen i Lilongwe, Malawi. Detta gjordes genom att en grupp på 100 hundar provtogs. Prover samlades in från 80 hundar som deltog i vaccinations eller kastrationskampanjen samt 20 hundar som besökte Lilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals-kliniken som patienter. Av kampanjhundarna hölls 40 frigående och 40 fastkedjade utomhus. Totalt samlades 100 blodprover och 40 avföringsprov in och analyserades. Samtliga 100 hundar genomgick först en generell hälsokontroll som inkluderade att deras päls undersöktes för närvaro av ektoparasiter. Blodproverna analyserades med hjälp av kommersiella snap-tester och avföringsproverna genom faecal flotation i mättad NaCl. I den provtagna populationen var prevalensen 12% för Anaplasma spp, 22% för Ehrlichia canis, 4% för Dirofilaria immitis och 1% för Leishmania spp. Inga hundar var positiva för antikroppar mot Borrelia burgdorferi. Ägg från Ancylostoma spp påvisades i 80% av de insamlade avföringsproverna. Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara canis och Toxoscaris leonine var inte lika vanliga med prevalenser på 2,5%, 7,5% och 12,5%. Prevalensen för ektoparasiter var hög, speciellt för loppor vilka 97,5% av kampanjhundarna hade. Löss var närvarande hos 25% av kampanjhundarna men fästingar var inte lika vanliga med en prevalens på enbart 11,3%. Ektoparasiter var inte lika vanligt förekommande hos hundarna som kom till kliniken, troligen tack vare regelbunden lusbehandling med spot on preparat och mindre kontakt med andra hundar och infekterad miljö. SLU/Dept. of Clinical Sciences (until 231231) 2015 H3 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/9510/ |
| spellingShingle | prevalence infectious agents dogs dog population free roaming dogs zoonotic disease animal welfare Anaplasma spp. Borrelia burgdorferi Ehrlichia canis Dirofilaria immitis Ancylostoma spp. Leishmania spp. Toxocara canis Toxoscaris leonina Trichuris spp. Johansson, Sandra General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title | General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title_full | General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title_fullStr | General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title_full_unstemmed | General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title_short | General health conditions in the dog population of Lilongwe |
| title_sort | general health conditions in the dog population of lilongwe |
| topic | prevalence infectious agents dogs dog population free roaming dogs zoonotic disease animal welfare Anaplasma spp. Borrelia burgdorferi Ehrlichia canis Dirofilaria immitis Ancylostoma spp. Leishmania spp. Toxocara canis Toxoscaris leonina Trichuris spp. |