CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) Cas9 systems is a novel technique for genome editing. In this thesis a start-up attempt using CRISPR Cas9 to induce site-specific mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana has been made. By this means, a guide RNA sequence targeting the spec...
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| Format: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Language: | Swedish Inglés |
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2015
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| Online Access: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8549/ |
| _version_ | 1855571370626252800 |
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| author | Eriksson, Ida |
| author_browse | Eriksson, Ida |
| author_facet | Eriksson, Ida |
| author_sort | Eriksson, Ida |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) Cas9 systems is a novel technique for genome editing. In this thesis a start-up attempt using CRISPR
Cas9 to induce site-specific mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana has been made. By this means, a guide RNA sequence targeting the specific site of interest has been created,
amplified and ligated into a vector containing a pcoCas9-expression cassette. The work performed shows that the CRISPR Cas9 method is easy to set up. This thesis
also evaluates the current EU legislation on genetically modified organisms and the impact of extending it to CRISPR Cas9 as well as seven other new plant breeding methods. Subjecting CRISPR Cas9 as well as the majority of the other discussed plant breeding techniques to the EU GMO legislation requires considerable amendment and reworking, as the condition of traceability cannot be met. To avoid making amendments for each new technique that may be developed in the future and to increase legal certainty in this field, this thesis proposes a rewriting of the EU GMO legislation into a technology neutral biosafety legislation. Rather than focusing on the plant breeding techniques used in a particular case, the legislators should define a GMO by the phenotypic criteria an organism displays after induced genetic modification. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU8549 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU85492015-10-16T09:49:45Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8549/ CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union Eriksson, Ida Agricultural research Legislation Plant genetics and breeding CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) Cas9 systems is a novel technique for genome editing. In this thesis a start-up attempt using CRISPR Cas9 to induce site-specific mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana has been made. By this means, a guide RNA sequence targeting the specific site of interest has been created, amplified and ligated into a vector containing a pcoCas9-expression cassette. The work performed shows that the CRISPR Cas9 method is easy to set up. This thesis also evaluates the current EU legislation on genetically modified organisms and the impact of extending it to CRISPR Cas9 as well as seven other new plant breeding methods. Subjecting CRISPR Cas9 as well as the majority of the other discussed plant breeding techniques to the EU GMO legislation requires considerable amendment and reworking, as the condition of traceability cannot be met. To avoid making amendments for each new technique that may be developed in the future and to increase legal certainty in this field, this thesis proposes a rewriting of the EU GMO legislation into a technology neutral biosafety legislation. Rather than focusing on the plant breeding techniques used in a particular case, the legislators should define a GMO by the phenotypic criteria an organism displays after induced genetic modification. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) Cas9 är en riktad mutationsteknik som under de senaste åren revolutionerat molekylärbiologin. Tekniken kan bland annat användas som en växtförädlingsteknik, men dess praktiska tillämpning inom EU är ännu oklar då Europeiska Kommissionen inte beslutat om CRISPR Cas9 samt sju andra växtförädlingstekniker kommer att omfattas av Eus nuvarande lagstiftning för genmodifierade organismer eller ej. Föreliggande arbete behandlar därav både CRISPR Cas9-tekniken som sådan och EUs lagstiftning för GMO. I den tekniska delen av detta examensarbete har ett arbete påbörjats för att inducera riktade mutationer i Arabidopsis thaliana. Konkret innebär det att en guidesekvens (sgRNA) skapats, amplifierats och ligerats in i en vektor som kan uttrycka Cas9 för växter. Den färdiga vektorn kan användas för vidare transformation in i Agrobacterium och sedan Arabidopsis. I den regulatoriska delen som behandlar EUs lagstiftning för GMO, har en litteraturgenomgång av rådande lagstiftning gjorts. Frågor om krav för att genomföra fältförsök med Arabidopsis muterade med CRISPR Cas9 har också skickats till Jordbruksverket för att få en bild av deras syn på tekniken i förhållande till dagens GMO-lagstiftning. I den regulatoriska delen finns ett fokus på spårbarhetslagen, då majoriteten av de nya växtförädlingsmetoderna som kommissionen arbetar med genererar produkter som varken kan detekteras eller med säkerhet särskiljas som GMO. Analysen av litteraturstudien har lett fram till slutsatsen att hela lagstiftningen bör ändras till att vara produktbaserad snarare än teknikbaserad. En sådan ändring gör att lagens syfte blir tydligare samt att det i framtiden blir lättare att handlägga och bedöma effekterna av nya tekniker. 2015-10-10 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8549/7/eriksson_i_151016.pdf Eriksson, Ida, 2015. CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union. Second cycle, A2E. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Department of Plant Biology (from 140101) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-480.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-4913 eng |
| spellingShingle | Agricultural research Legislation Plant genetics and breeding Eriksson, Ida CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title | CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title_full | CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title_fullStr | CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title_full_unstemmed | CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title_short | CRISPR Cas9 system for plant genome editing within the European Union |
| title_sort | crispr cas9 system for plant genome editing within the european union |
| topic | Agricultural research Legislation Plant genetics and breeding |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8549/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8549/ |