A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution
The increased frequency of reported Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of great concern to small animal healthcare due to limited options of antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this literature study is to investigate 1) characteristics and classification of S. pseudinterm...
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
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SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231)
2015
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| _version_ | 1855571245759725568 |
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| author | Fang, Yusi |
| author_browse | Fang, Yusi |
| author_facet | Fang, Yusi |
| author_sort | Fang, Yusi |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | The increased frequency of reported Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of great concern to small animal healthcare due to limited options of antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this literature study is to investigate 1) characteristics and classification of
S. pseudintermedius, 2) resistance mechanisms and emergence of MRSP, 3) risk factors for selection of MRSP, and 4) clonal distribution around the world. S. pseudintermedius is a skin and mucosal commensal in healthy dogs and cats, but can cause infections, including pyoderma.
Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to the penicillin binding protein (PBP), a vital enzyme in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Methicillin-resistance in S. pseudintemedius is encoded by the mecA gene, that expresses modified PBP, named PBP2a or PBP2’, with a lower affinity for beta-lactams. The mecA gene is located on the staphylococcal chromosomal cassette, a mobile genetic element. In addition to beta-lactams, MRSP can be resistant to other classes of antibiotics drugs.
The main risk factors for selection of MRSP are hospitalization, veterinary visits and former treatment with antibiotics. MRSP infection is therefore considered to be a nosocomial infection. The major clonal lineage predominant in Europe is ST71-J-t02-II–III; whilst in
North America it is ST68-C-t06-V. Colonization of S. pseudintermedius in human is rare, and only one case of MRSP has been found up to date. Resistance genes are believed to be shared between species of staphylococci by horizontal gene transfer. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer of the mecA gene. |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU7805 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU78052015-05-18T15:36:09Z A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution En litteraturstudie om methicillinresistent Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : klassificering, resistensmekanismer, riskfaktorer och klonal distribution Fang, Yusi MRSP resistance dog SCCmec resistens hund The increased frequency of reported Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of great concern to small animal healthcare due to limited options of antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this literature study is to investigate 1) characteristics and classification of S. pseudintermedius, 2) resistance mechanisms and emergence of MRSP, 3) risk factors for selection of MRSP, and 4) clonal distribution around the world. S. pseudintermedius is a skin and mucosal commensal in healthy dogs and cats, but can cause infections, including pyoderma. Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to the penicillin binding protein (PBP), a vital enzyme in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Methicillin-resistance in S. pseudintemedius is encoded by the mecA gene, that expresses modified PBP, named PBP2a or PBP2’, with a lower affinity for beta-lactams. The mecA gene is located on the staphylococcal chromosomal cassette, a mobile genetic element. In addition to beta-lactams, MRSP can be resistant to other classes of antibiotics drugs. The main risk factors for selection of MRSP are hospitalization, veterinary visits and former treatment with antibiotics. MRSP infection is therefore considered to be a nosocomial infection. The major clonal lineage predominant in Europe is ST71-J-t02-II–III; whilst in North America it is ST68-C-t06-V. Colonization of S. pseudintermedius in human is rare, and only one case of MRSP has been found up to date. Resistance genes are believed to be shared between species of staphylococci by horizontal gene transfer. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer of the mecA gene. Ett växande problem inom smådjursveterinärmedicinen är methicillinresistent Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) som begränsar valet av antibiotikum vid behandling. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att kartlägga 1) egenskaper och klassificering av S. pseudintermedius, 2) resistensmekanismer och uppkomst av MRSP, 3) riskfaktorer som selekterar för MRSP och 4) den klonala distributionen i världen. S. pseudintermedius är normalflora på hud och slemhinnor hos friska hundar och katter, men kan även orsaka opportunistiska infektioner, bl.a. pyodermi. Antibiotikaklassen beta-laktamer utövar sin antibakteriella effekt genom att inhibera penicillinbindande protein (PBP), ett enzym involverad i cellväggssynten. Methicillinresistensen hos MRSP kodas av mecA-genen, som ger upphov till modifierat PBP, kallat PBP2a eller PBP2’, med en lägre affinitet för beta-laktamer. MecA genen är belägen på stafylokockens kromosomkassett, ett mobilt genelement. MRSP kan vara resistenta mot andra antibiotikaklasser utöver beta-laktamer. De riskfaktorer som selekterar för MRSP är sjukhusvistelse, veterinärbesök och tidigare antibiotikabehandling. Därför anses MRSP-infektioner vara nosokomiala smittor. Den klon som dominerar i Europa är ST71-J-t02-II–III, och ST68-C-t06-V dominerar i Nordamerika. S. pseudintermedius koloniserar sällan människor, och endast ett fall av MRSP hos människa har rapporterats. Olika arter av stafylokocker tros dela resistensgener genom horisontell genöverföring. Dock behövs fler studier för att klarlägga mekanismer för horisontell genöverföring av mecA-genen mellan stafylokocker. SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) 2015 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/7805/ |
| spellingShingle | MRSP resistance dog SCCmec resistens hund Fang, Yusi A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title | A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title_full | A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title_fullStr | A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title_short | A literature study on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| title_sort | literature study on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) : classification, resistance mechanisms, risk factors and clonal distribution |
| topic | MRSP resistance dog SCCmec resistens hund |