Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974
During the early Middle Ages beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.) spread out over large parts of southern Sweden. They had a crucial role in human survival for hundreds of years. For various reasons, the beech forest area has decreased since the 1600s. Spruce planted on former beech forest land was th...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco sueco |
| Publicado: |
2014
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6965/ |
| _version_ | 1855571099890221056 |
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| author | Fogelberg, Saga |
| author_browse | Fogelberg, Saga |
| author_facet | Fogelberg, Saga |
| author_sort | Fogelberg, Saga |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | During the early Middle Ages beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.) spread out over large parts of southern Sweden. They had a crucial role in human survival for hundreds of years. For various reasons, the beech forest area has decreased since the 1600s. Spruce planted on former beech forest land was the primary reason for the decline during the second half of the 1900s, which made many worried about the future of the beech forests and led to a beech forest act in 1974. This study describes the background to the beech forest act based on parliamentary official documents. The result shows that the public inquiry that lasted 1964-1971 presented a strategy based on public authorities taking a big financial responsibility for preserving beech forests while private owned forests would be preserved through voluntary
commitments combined with a state incentive grant. This draft took a long time to develop but was rejected immediately by the government. Instead the government based the law on an idea by the Environmental Protection Agency. The legislation consisted of a general prohibition of final felling of beech forests and changing of tree species. Permission to implement the measures could be applied at the County administration board, but rejection did not give a right to compensation. The government did not consider beech forest could be protected through voluntary commitments. In addition, the state wanted to avoid high
amounts of compensation to landowners. The issue of compensation for denied change of tree species became the most discussed issue and was based on fundamental different attitudes towards the individual landowner's responsibility to the public interest. The legislation had wide support from the consultation bodies and was voted by a clear majority in parliament.
However, the parliament Committee was not unanimous. The level of state incentive grant was lower than many had suggested. One of the main motivations for instituting the beech forest legislation was the importance of beech forest for the landscape scenic. Further studies should improve our understanding on how the legislation was received by landowners and how the current deciduous forest regulation affects landowners’ attitude to authorities. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU6965 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish swe |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU69652014-07-17T13:05:54Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6965/ Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 Fogelberg, Saga Legislation Forestry - General aspects During the early Middle Ages beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.) spread out over large parts of southern Sweden. They had a crucial role in human survival for hundreds of years. For various reasons, the beech forest area has decreased since the 1600s. Spruce planted on former beech forest land was the primary reason for the decline during the second half of the 1900s, which made many worried about the future of the beech forests and led to a beech forest act in 1974. This study describes the background to the beech forest act based on parliamentary official documents. The result shows that the public inquiry that lasted 1964-1971 presented a strategy based on public authorities taking a big financial responsibility for preserving beech forests while private owned forests would be preserved through voluntary commitments combined with a state incentive grant. This draft took a long time to develop but was rejected immediately by the government. Instead the government based the law on an idea by the Environmental Protection Agency. The legislation consisted of a general prohibition of final felling of beech forests and changing of tree species. Permission to implement the measures could be applied at the County administration board, but rejection did not give a right to compensation. The government did not consider beech forest could be protected through voluntary commitments. In addition, the state wanted to avoid high amounts of compensation to landowners. The issue of compensation for denied change of tree species became the most discussed issue and was based on fundamental different attitudes towards the individual landowner's responsibility to the public interest. The legislation had wide support from the consultation bodies and was voted by a clear majority in parliament. However, the parliament Committee was not unanimous. The level of state incentive grant was lower than many had suggested. One of the main motivations for instituting the beech forest legislation was the importance of beech forest for the landscape scenic. Further studies should improve our understanding on how the legislation was received by landowners and how the current deciduous forest regulation affects landowners’ attitude to authorities. Under tidig medeltid bredde bokskogarna (Fagus sylvatica L.) ut sig över stora delar av Götaland och hade en avgörande roll för människors överlevnad under hundratals år. Av olika anledningar har bokskogsarealen minskat sedan 1600-talet. Granplanteringen på före detta bokskogsmark var den främsta orsaken till bokens tillbakagång under andra hälften av 1900-talet, något som uppfattades som mycket oroväckande av många och ledde fram till en bokskogslagstiftning 1974. Syftet med den här undersökningen har varit att beskriva bakgrunden till bokskogslagen utifrån riksdagens officiella dokument. Resultatet visar att den offentliga utredning som pågick 1964-1971 presenterade en strategi som byggde på att offentliga instanser tog ett stort ekonomiskt ansvar för bevarandet av bokskogen, medan skog i enskild ägo skulle bevaras genom frivilliga åtaganden i kombination med ett statligt stimulansbidrag. Detta förslag tog lång tid att ta fram men valdes omgående bort av regeringen som istället tog fasta på en skrivelse från Naturvårdsverket. Bokskogslagstiftningen kom att bestå i ett generellt förbud mot slutavverkning och omföring av bokskog. Tillstånd för att genomföra åtgärderna kunde ansökas hos länsstyreslen, men avslag gav inte rätt till ersättning. De främsta orsakerna till lagens utformning var att regeringen inte ansåg att bokskogen kunde skyddas genom frivilliga åtaganden. Desutom ville staten undvika höga ersättningsbelopp till markägare. Utebliven ersättning vid vägrad omföring blev den mest diskuterade frågan mellan regering, riksdagsledamöter och remissinstanser. Frågan grundades på principiella meningsskiljaktigheter i den enskilde markägarens ansvar gentemot allmänhetens intressen. Lagstiftningen fick dock stort stöd bland remissinstanserna och röstades igenom av en klar majoritet i riksdagen, men jordbruksutskottet var inte enigt. Nivån på det statliga stimulansbidraget blev betydligt lägre än vad många förespråkat. Bokskogarnas värde för landskapsbilden var ett av de främsta motiven till att bokskogslagen instiftades. Genom vidare studier borde det undersökas hur lagstiftningen mottogs av markägare och hur den nuvarande ädellövskogsregleringen påverkar markägares inställning till myndigheter. 2014-07-02 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6965/7/fogelberg_s_140702.pdf Fogelberg, Saga, 2014. Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974. Second cycle, A2E. Alnarp: (S) > Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-295.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-3435 swe |
| spellingShingle | Legislation Forestry - General aspects Fogelberg, Saga Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title | Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title_full | Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title_fullStr | Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title_short | Hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| title_sort | hur bokskogslagen blev till – konflikter och lösningar 1964-1974 |
| topic | Legislation Forestry - General aspects |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6965/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6965/ |