Effekt på mark och gröda av olika bearbetningssystem, med och utan CTF

Swedish agriculture has gone through big changes in the latest 60 years. The farm sizes have increased, which has led to raised tractor and machinery sizes and therefore increasing problems with soil compaction. A method to reduce these problems is to implement controlled traffic farming, CTF. All...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Lejon, Louice
Formato: Second cycle, A1E
Lenguaje:sueco
sueco
Publicado: 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6958/
Descripción
Sumario:Swedish agriculture has gone through big changes in the latest 60 years. The farm sizes have increased, which has led to raised tractor and machinery sizes and therefore increasing problems with soil compaction. A method to reduce these problems is to implement controlled traffic farming, CTF. All field operations are then concentrated to specific tracks by using GPS guidance. The aim of this work was to study how the tillage regime, with or without CTF, affects the soil, with the main focus on macroporosity. In Säby close to Uppsala, and Alnarp close to Malmö, randomized block trials has been carried out, and the data has mainly been taken from these trials. At Lydinge farm, outside Helsingborg, large plots (1 ha) were placed in the farmer’s fields, with and without CTF, and from these number of plants counting and yield data are available. To study soil properties, computed tomography was used together with traditional soil physical measurements; determination of bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity and penetration resistance. For plots with CTF a compaction could be seen in the tracks. Tillage regime as well as traffic system affected the level of compaction. The system with deep reduced tillage had the highest macroporosity and was most distinguished from other tillage regimes, both with and without CTF. The highest yield was found for conventionally tilled plots, which suggests that a certain degree of soil recompaction is needed to obtain maximum yield. For plots with CTF, no difference in yield was found between tracks and untrafficked soil at Säby and Alnarp, but for Lydinge the yield was higher in the untrafficked soil than in the tracks. Data obtained with computed tomography were strongly correlated to other data. The strongest relationships were found with bulk density, macroporosity and pore area. Computed tomography therefore showed to be a useful tool in soil science studies.