Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare
Successful broiler production in hot climates requires knowledge of how birds are affected by heat stress. It is important with access to water and good ventilation to facilitate coping with the heat. It may be useful to reduce the consumption of feed during the hottest hours of the days, which toge...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Language: | Swedish Inglés |
| Published: |
2014
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6475/ |
| _version_ | 1855571017254043648 |
|---|---|
| author | Andersson, Cecilia |
| author_browse | Andersson, Cecilia |
| author_facet | Andersson, Cecilia |
| author_sort | Andersson, Cecilia |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Successful broiler production in hot climates requires knowledge of how birds are affected by heat stress. It is important with access to water and good ventilation to facilitate coping with the heat. It may be useful to reduce the consumption of feed during the hottest hours of the days, which together with a few hours of extra light available could improve both productivity and animal welfare.
The vision in birds is superior to that of humans and most other mammals. Continuous light and light with low intensity can cause eye injuries, affect the eye development in young chicken negatively, as well as provide increased incidence of foot pad lesions. Access to light affects the production but also the welfare of birds. Increased number of light hours per day can increase production, but too much light can cause less growth and stress.
In order to investigate addition of light to broiler chickens in a hot climate with short daytime light hours, a study was made at Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust premises in Batoka, Zambia, with 40 broilers and solar lamps (HiLights from HiNation). The broiler chickens were divided into two groups, both had free access to feed and water and the experimental group received two and a half hours of extra light from solar lamps each evening during 22 days. The control group received no extra light, just daylight during the same period. Feed consumption was measured the first two weeks, weight gain was measured throughout the period and Feed Conversion Ratio was calculated. The experimental group consumed more feed, gained more weight and had a lower FCR than the control group.
General conditions for broiler production in Zambia are described based on the following:
Three small-scale broiler farmers in Batoka and Choma areas in Zambia were interviewed about management, feed, water, diseases, cleaning procedures etc.
A large-scale broiler farmer outside the capital Lusaka was visited and interviewed regarding routines, feed, water, disease, profitability, diseases etc.
A poultry slaughter house outside Lusaka was visited. A tour through the slaughter chain was made with an experienced employee who answered questions.
Information obtained about bird diseases in Zambia indicated problems with mainly Newcastle disease (ND), Infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Coccidiosis. Vaccination against ND and IBD occurs, but far from everybody vaccinates their broilers.
The results of the solar light study indicate that increased length of light for broiler chickens in Zambia can improve productivity, if proper management and disease control is provided. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU6475 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU64752014-03-04T11:10:28Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6475/ Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare Andersson, Cecilia Agricultural research Animal husbandry Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects Successful broiler production in hot climates requires knowledge of how birds are affected by heat stress. It is important with access to water and good ventilation to facilitate coping with the heat. It may be useful to reduce the consumption of feed during the hottest hours of the days, which together with a few hours of extra light available could improve both productivity and animal welfare. The vision in birds is superior to that of humans and most other mammals. Continuous light and light with low intensity can cause eye injuries, affect the eye development in young chicken negatively, as well as provide increased incidence of foot pad lesions. Access to light affects the production but also the welfare of birds. Increased number of light hours per day can increase production, but too much light can cause less growth and stress. In order to investigate addition of light to broiler chickens in a hot climate with short daytime light hours, a study was made at Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust premises in Batoka, Zambia, with 40 broilers and solar lamps (HiLights from HiNation). The broiler chickens were divided into two groups, both had free access to feed and water and the experimental group received two and a half hours of extra light from solar lamps each evening during 22 days. The control group received no extra light, just daylight during the same period. Feed consumption was measured the first two weeks, weight gain was measured throughout the period and Feed Conversion Ratio was calculated. The experimental group consumed more feed, gained more weight and had a lower FCR than the control group. General conditions for broiler production in Zambia are described based on the following: Three small-scale broiler farmers in Batoka and Choma areas in Zambia were interviewed about management, feed, water, diseases, cleaning procedures etc. A large-scale broiler farmer outside the capital Lusaka was visited and interviewed regarding routines, feed, water, disease, profitability, diseases etc. A poultry slaughter house outside Lusaka was visited. A tour through the slaughter chain was made with an experienced employee who answered questions. Information obtained about bird diseases in Zambia indicated problems with mainly Newcastle disease (ND), Infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Coccidiosis. Vaccination against ND and IBD occurs, but far from everybody vaccinates their broilers. The results of the solar light study indicate that increased length of light for broiler chickens in Zambia can improve productivity, if proper management and disease control is provided. Framgångsrik slaktkycklinguppfödning i väldigt varma klimat kräver kunskap om hur fåglar påverkas av värmestress. För att underlätta hanteringen av värmen är tillgång till vatten och en bra ventilation viktigt. Det kan vara av värde att reducera foderkonsumtionen de varmaste timmarna på dagen, vilket tillsammans med några timmars extra ljustillgång kan förbättra produktivitet och djurvälfärden. Fåglar har bättre syn än människor. Kontinuerligt ljus och ljus med för låg intensitet kan ge ögonskador, påverka ögats utveckling hos unga kycklingar negativt, samt ge ökad förekomst av fotskador. Ljus påverkar både produktionen men också välfärden hos fåglar. Ökat antal ljustimmar per dygn kan öka produktionen, men för mycket ljus kan ge mindre tillväxt och stress. För att undersöka ökad tillgång till ljus för slaktkycklingar i ett varmt klimat med kort dagsljuslängd, gjordes en studie i lokaler hos Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust i Batoka, Zambia, med 40 slaktkycklingar och solcellslampor (HiLight från HiNation). Djuren delades in i två grupper, båda fick fri tillgång på mat och vatten och försöksgruppen fick två och en halv timmes extra ljus från solcellslamporna varje kväll under 22 dygn. Kontrollgruppen fick endast vanligt dagsljus under samma period. Foderåtgången mättes första två veckorna, viktuppgången mättes hela perioden och foderomvandlingen räknades ut. Försöksgruppen åt mer foder, gick upp mer i vikt och hade en lägre FCR än kontrollgruppen. Generella förhållanden för broilerproduktion i Zambia beskrivs baserat på: Tre småskaliga slaktkycklinguppfödare i Batoka och Chomaområdet i Zambia intervjuades om hållning, mat, vatten, sjukdomar, rengöringsrutiner mm. En storskalig slaktkycklinguppfödare utanför huvudstaden Lusaka besöktes och intervjuades angående rutiner, mat, vatten, sjukdomar, lönsamhet, sjukdomar mm. Ett fågelslakteri utanför Lusaka besöktes. En rundtur genom hela produktionskedjan gjordes med erfaren anställd som svarade på frågor. Fågelsjukdomar som nämndes vid olika tillfällen och som verkade förekomma var Newcastle disease, infektiös bursit (Gumboro) och coccidios. Vaccination mot Newcastle disease och Gumboro förekommer, men långt ifrån alla vaccinerar. Resultaten från studien med solcellslampan indikerar att ökad ljustillgång för broilerkycklingar i Zambia kan öka produktiviteten, förutsatt god djurhållning och sjukdomskontroll. 2014-02-26 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6475/11/andersson_c_140210.pdf Andersson, Cecilia , 2014. Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare. Second cycle, A2E. Uppsala: (VH) > Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-650.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-3088 eng |
| spellingShingle | Agricultural research Animal husbandry Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects Andersson, Cecilia Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title | Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title_full | Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title_fullStr | Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title_full_unstemmed | Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title_short | Broiler production in Zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| title_sort | broiler production in zambia - management, growth, diseases and welfare |
| topic | Agricultural research Animal husbandry Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6475/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/6475/ |