Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour

Approximately 20% of the milk within the udder of a cow is stored in the cistern and immediately available for milk removal, while activation of the milk ejection reflex is required for removing the remaining milk stored in the alveolar compartment. The aim of this literature review is to describe,...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Eriksson, Ida
Formato: M2
Lenguaje:Inglés
sueco
Publicado: SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) 2013
Materias:
_version_ 1855570892760809472
author Eriksson, Ida
author_browse Eriksson, Ida
author_facet Eriksson, Ida
author_sort Eriksson, Ida
collection Epsilon Archive for Student Projects
description Approximately 20% of the milk within the udder of a cow is stored in the cistern and immediately available for milk removal, while activation of the milk ejection reflex is required for removing the remaining milk stored in the alveolar compartment. The aim of this literature review is to describe, evaluate and consider implications of the three different suckling activities that the calf displays during a suckling bout. In terms of milking, these phases are represented by pre-stimulation, stimulation during milking and post-stimulation. Pre-stimulation is commonly performed in order to induce the milk ejection reflex, whereby the hormone oxytocin is released and the alveoli in the secretory tissue are contracted. Time requirements regarding pre-stimulation must be considered in relation to lactation stage and milking interval. The pre-stimulation should be sufficient to cause an alveolar contraction that is maintained until start of milking. During the milking phase, the liner within the teat cup should carry out a continuous stimulation and cause a maintained elevated concentration of oxytocin in the circulation during the entire milking. This will maximise milk yield. Furthermore an increased rate of massage during the final minute of milking has been found to increase milk and fat yield. Hence, development of liner settings within modern milking equipment and changes in the pulsation cycle may result in a significant improvement within dairy production.
format M2
id RepoSLU5733
institution Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
language Inglés
swe
publishDate 2013
publishDateSort 2013
publisher SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231)
publisherStr SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231)
record_format eprints
spelling RepoSLU57332013-06-25T11:38:12Z Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour Kalvens beteende som modell för mjölkningsrutiner Eriksson, Ida pre-stimulation milk ejection oxytocin inhibition post-stimulation machine milking Approximately 20% of the milk within the udder of a cow is stored in the cistern and immediately available for milk removal, while activation of the milk ejection reflex is required for removing the remaining milk stored in the alveolar compartment. The aim of this literature review is to describe, evaluate and consider implications of the three different suckling activities that the calf displays during a suckling bout. In terms of milking, these phases are represented by pre-stimulation, stimulation during milking and post-stimulation. Pre-stimulation is commonly performed in order to induce the milk ejection reflex, whereby the hormone oxytocin is released and the alveoli in the secretory tissue are contracted. Time requirements regarding pre-stimulation must be considered in relation to lactation stage and milking interval. The pre-stimulation should be sufficient to cause an alveolar contraction that is maintained until start of milking. During the milking phase, the liner within the teat cup should carry out a continuous stimulation and cause a maintained elevated concentration of oxytocin in the circulation during the entire milking. This will maximise milk yield. Furthermore an increased rate of massage during the final minute of milking has been found to increase milk and fat yield. Hence, development of liner settings within modern milking equipment and changes in the pulsation cycle may result in a significant improvement within dairy production. Syftet med föreliggande litteraturstudie har varit att beskriva mjölkningsrutiner för kor utifrån de tre stimuleringsfaser som naturligt utgör en kalvs beteende under digivning. Dessa stimuleringsfaser är förstimulering, stimulering under mjölkning och efterstimulering. Förstimulering och stimulering under mjölkning förekommer i dagliga mjölkningsrutiner, men inte efterstimulering. Då endast cirka 20% av mjölken är lagrad i juvercisternen och direkt tillgänglig vid mjölkning, samtidigt som resterande mjölk är lagrad i alveolerna och kräver en inducering av mjölknedgivningsreflexen, är det viktigt att förstimulering tillämpas. Under hur lång tid förstimuleringen ska pågå tycks bero på laktationsstadie och juverfyllnad. Förstimuleringen leder till frisättning av hormonet oxytocin, som i sin tur medverkar till att alveolerna i juvret kontraheras. Stimuleringen för nedgivning av mjölken sker under hela mjölkningen. Denna stimulering fås av spengummirörelserna, orsakade av tryckförändringar inne i spenkoppen, och leder till en bibehållen hög koncentration av oxytocin under hela mjölkningen. Gällande efterstimulering har tidigare försök påvisat en ökning i mjölkmängd samt fetthalt då efterstimulering tillämpats. Således tycks det finnas ett behov av att utveckla spengummirörelsen så att mer massage induceras under sista minuten av mjölkning samt behov av att undersöka dess påverkan på mjölkavkastning och mjölksammansättning. Potentiellt kan detta leda till en ökad effektivitet inom mjölkproduktionen. SLU/Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management (until 231231) 2013 M2 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5733/
spellingShingle pre-stimulation
milk ejection
oxytocin
inhibition
post-stimulation
machine milking
Eriksson, Ida
Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title_full Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title_fullStr Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title_full_unstemmed Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title_short Improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
title_sort improvements in milking management through imitation of calf behaviour
topic pre-stimulation
milk ejection
oxytocin
inhibition
post-stimulation
machine milking