Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri
Profit in first commercial thinnings of today is hard to achieve. This is because of prevailing pulpwood prices and because of high costs of logging and transport. To reduce these costs higher productivity is advocated. One way to increase the productivity is the use of multi-tree handling harvester...
| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management
2012
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855570845288628224 |
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| author | Burström, Adam Johansson, Kristoffer |
| author_browse | Burström, Adam Johansson, Kristoffer |
| author_facet | Burström, Adam Johansson, Kristoffer |
| author_sort | Burström, Adam |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Profit in first commercial thinnings of today is hard to achieve. This is because of prevailing pulpwood prices and because of high costs of logging and transport. To reduce these costs higher productivity is advocated. One way to increase the productivity is the use of multi-tree handling harvester heads. The aim of this study was to calculate logging and transport costs in first thinnings, where multi-tree handling has been used. Some specific questions were addressed, e.g. how the harvester´s productivity is affected by harvested mean stem volume and proportion of multi-tree handled trees.
We studied factors that affect productivity and road transport by means of machine cost calculations and productivity calculations. Costs for each machine were then calculated and the longest profitable transport distance was determined. Regression analyses were accomplished where the calculations were based on data from objects.
The results show that harvester´s productivity is strongly affected by the harvested mean stem volume. Multi-tree handling can have a positive impact on productivity, but this is depending on the suitability of the technology used for specific tree sizes. The forwarder´s productivity is greatly affected by the hauling distance, and to some extent also by the mean stem volume. Transport costs from landing to industry are impacted by transport distance, which has a big effect on total cost in first thinnings. At a pulpwood price of 330 SEK/m3 (solid under bark), the longest profitable transport distance is 275 km for the study´s mean object. The pulpwood price has a large impact on the transport distance, where a price reduction of 20 % may reduce the transport distance by half. By dividing the costs in terminal and transport time, the different cost items can be compared. This shows that road transport cost may be significant with longer transport distance. Despite this, the most expensive cost item in first thinnings is generally the harvester. Its productivity can be increased through higher proportion of multi-tree handling and by so making the thinning more profitable.
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| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU5436 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU54362013-04-22T10:35:46Z Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri Logging costs in thinning with multi-tree handling harvester head, from stand to industry Burström, Adam Johansson, Kristoffer massaved flerträdshantering produktivitet transportkostnad drivningskostnad systemanalys Profit in first commercial thinnings of today is hard to achieve. This is because of prevailing pulpwood prices and because of high costs of logging and transport. To reduce these costs higher productivity is advocated. One way to increase the productivity is the use of multi-tree handling harvester heads. The aim of this study was to calculate logging and transport costs in first thinnings, where multi-tree handling has been used. Some specific questions were addressed, e.g. how the harvester´s productivity is affected by harvested mean stem volume and proportion of multi-tree handled trees. We studied factors that affect productivity and road transport by means of machine cost calculations and productivity calculations. Costs for each machine were then calculated and the longest profitable transport distance was determined. Regression analyses were accomplished where the calculations were based on data from objects. The results show that harvester´s productivity is strongly affected by the harvested mean stem volume. Multi-tree handling can have a positive impact on productivity, but this is depending on the suitability of the technology used for specific tree sizes. The forwarder´s productivity is greatly affected by the hauling distance, and to some extent also by the mean stem volume. Transport costs from landing to industry are impacted by transport distance, which has a big effect on total cost in first thinnings. At a pulpwood price of 330 SEK/m3 (solid under bark), the longest profitable transport distance is 275 km for the study´s mean object. The pulpwood price has a large impact on the transport distance, where a price reduction of 20 % may reduce the transport distance by half. By dividing the costs in terminal and transport time, the different cost items can be compared. This shows that road transport cost may be significant with longer transport distance. Despite this, the most expensive cost item in first thinnings is generally the harvester. Its productivity can be increased through higher proportion of multi-tree handling and by so making the thinning more profitable. I dagens förstagallringar är det svårt att få lönsamhet p.g.a. rådande massavedspriser och höga kostnader vid drivning och vägtransport. För att minska kostnaderna förespråkas ökad produktivitet. Ett sätt att öka produktiviteten är användandet av flerträdshanterande skördaraggregat. Syftet med detta arbete har varit att beräkna drivnings- och vägtransportkostnader i förstagallringar där flerträdshantering använts. Frågeställningar som t.ex. hur skördarens produktivitet påverkas av skördad medelstam och andelen flerträdshanterade träd, avsågs att besvaras. Genom maskinkostnadskalkyler och produktivitetsberäkningar kunde vi undersöka påverkande faktorer på produktivitet och vägtransport. Kostnader beräknades därefter för respektive maskin samtidigt som längsta lönsamma vägtransportavstånd undersöktes. Regressionsanalyser utfördes för de beräkningar där grunden utgjordes av beståndsdata. Resultaten visar att skördarens produktivitet är starkt påverkad av uttagsmedelstammens volym. Flerträdshantering kan påverka produktiviteten positivt, men beror av teknikens lämplighet för skördad medelstamvolym. Skotarens produktivitet påverkas i stor grad av skotningsavstånd och i mindre omfattning av medelstamsvolym. Transportkostnaden från avlägg till industri påverkas främst av avståndet, och har en stor påverkan på totalkostnaden vid en förstagallring. Vid ett massavedspris på 330 kr/m3 (fast under bark) är längsta lönsamma vägtransportavstånd 27,5 mil för studiens medelobjekt. Massavedspriset har stor inverkan på avståndet där en 20 % sänkning av priset kan halvera lönsamt transportavstånd. Genom en uppdelning av kostnaderna i terminaltid och körtid kan de olika kostnadsposterna jämföras i kr/m3fub. Detta visar att vägtransportkostnaden kan bli betydande vid längre vägtransportavstånd, dock är skördaren generellt den tyngsta kostnadsposten vid förstagallring. Genom ökad flerträdshantering kan skördarens produktivitet öka och därmed möjliggöra ett bättre gallringsnetto. SLU/Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management 2012 M2 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5436/ |
| spellingShingle | massaved flerträdshantering produktivitet transportkostnad drivningskostnad systemanalys Burström, Adam Johansson, Kristoffer Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title | Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title_full | Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title_fullStr | Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title_short | Kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| title_sort | kostnader vid gallring med flerträdshanterande aggregat, från skog till industri |
| topic | massaved flerträdshantering produktivitet transportkostnad drivningskostnad systemanalys |