Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China
StoraEnso decided in year 2002 to build a pulp mill in the province of Guangxi, southern China, and also establish eucalyptus plantations to provide it with raw material. By 2010 StoraEnso controls about 90 000 of planned 120 000 ha, out of 75 000 ha is already planted with Eucalyptus. By using bett...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Second cycle, A1E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2011
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/3294/ |
| _version_ | 1855570548818444288 |
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| author | Timander, Per |
| author_browse | Timander, Per |
| author_facet | Timander, Per |
| author_sort | Timander, Per |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | StoraEnso decided in year 2002 to build a pulp mill in the province of Guangxi, southern
China, and also establish eucalyptus plantations to provide it with raw material. By 2010
StoraEnso controls about 90 000 of planned 120 000 ha, out of 75 000 ha is already planted
with Eucalyptus.
By using better genetic material, improve the tending, selecting the sites more careful and by
using a proper fertilization regime StoraEnso hopes to increase the mean annual increment
from today’s 25 m3/ha, on bark, to 35 m3/ha. This study is one part in this work to increase the
mean annual increment in the plantation.
This master thesis is the forth in a series, that has followed up a fertilization trial that started
in spring 2006 when the trial was laid out and treatments decided. The aim with the trial is to
examine the production potential of Eucalyptus urophylla in Guangxi, southern China. In total
there are seven different treatments, out of which one is the common practice for StoraEnso
Guangxi, and one is an untreated control treatment. The three max-fertilized treatments have
gotten the amounts of fertilizers decided after leaf-nutrient analysis. If the nutrient analysis
revealed that the concentration of a specific nutrient was too low, extra amounts of that
nutrient were included in the next fertilization.
The treatment with the highest total production and mean annual increment at a stand age of
68 months is the max-fertilized treatment: NPK-300-B with a total stem wood production of
208.10 m3/ha and a MAI of 36.72 m3/ha. NPK-300-B was also the only treatment that had a
statistically significant higher total production and MAI than the Control treatment.
The mean basic density value was significantly lower in the wood harvested from treatment
NPK-300-B (469 kg/m3) compared to wood from the control (498 kg/m3).
The leaf analysis showed that the concentrations of all nutrients have increased in both
treatments since the last analysis in 2008 made by Rickard Carlsson and that the
recommended ratios have been reached for all nutrients, except for phosphorous (P) in the
control which was slightly under the recommended ratio.
Potential dry mass production/ ha/yr at the latitude of Guangxi is estimated to be around 30
tons, if water, nutrients and other biotic factors limiting the growth is satisfied. In treatment
NPK-300-B the production reaches 14.095 tons/ha and year when the volume production
peaked at a stand age of 68 months. So potentially the stem production is only 50% of the
estimated potential.
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| format | Second cycle, A1E |
| id | RepoSLU3294 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU32942012-04-20T14:22:39Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/3294/ Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China Timander, Per Fertilizing Forestry production StoraEnso decided in year 2002 to build a pulp mill in the province of Guangxi, southern China, and also establish eucalyptus plantations to provide it with raw material. By 2010 StoraEnso controls about 90 000 of planned 120 000 ha, out of 75 000 ha is already planted with Eucalyptus. By using better genetic material, improve the tending, selecting the sites more careful and by using a proper fertilization regime StoraEnso hopes to increase the mean annual increment from today’s 25 m3/ha, on bark, to 35 m3/ha. This study is one part in this work to increase the mean annual increment in the plantation. This master thesis is the forth in a series, that has followed up a fertilization trial that started in spring 2006 when the trial was laid out and treatments decided. The aim with the trial is to examine the production potential of Eucalyptus urophylla in Guangxi, southern China. In total there are seven different treatments, out of which one is the common practice for StoraEnso Guangxi, and one is an untreated control treatment. The three max-fertilized treatments have gotten the amounts of fertilizers decided after leaf-nutrient analysis. If the nutrient analysis revealed that the concentration of a specific nutrient was too low, extra amounts of that nutrient were included in the next fertilization. The treatment with the highest total production and mean annual increment at a stand age of 68 months is the max-fertilized treatment: NPK-300-B with a total stem wood production of 208.10 m3/ha and a MAI of 36.72 m3/ha. NPK-300-B was also the only treatment that had a statistically significant higher total production and MAI than the Control treatment. The mean basic density value was significantly lower in the wood harvested from treatment NPK-300-B (469 kg/m3) compared to wood from the control (498 kg/m3). The leaf analysis showed that the concentrations of all nutrients have increased in both treatments since the last analysis in 2008 made by Rickard Carlsson and that the recommended ratios have been reached for all nutrients, except for phosphorous (P) in the control which was slightly under the recommended ratio. Potential dry mass production/ ha/yr at the latitude of Guangxi is estimated to be around 30 tons, if water, nutrients and other biotic factors limiting the growth is satisfied. In treatment NPK-300-B the production reaches 14.095 tons/ha and year when the volume production peaked at a stand age of 68 months. So potentially the stem production is only 50% of the estimated potential. StoraEnso在2002年决定建立一个在广西，中国南部省份纸浆厂，并建立桉树人工林提 供原料的。到2010年StoraEnso已在其控制的约90万公顷，超过了75000公顷已与尾叶桉 种植。 通过使用更好的遗传物质，改善抚育，选择使用适当的施肥制度的网站更仔细和StoraE nso希望树皮平均增加了今天的 25m3/ha/yr 年增加至 35m3/ha。 这是硕士论文中提出一个跟进一施肥试验，在2006年春季 始审判时，布局和处理决 定严重。与试验的目的是研究在广西的尾叶桉，南中国的生产潜力。总共有七个不同 的受精卵，巫一OUT是StoraEnso广西普遍的做法，和一个控制治疗。这三个最大受精 治疗后已得到叶营养缺乏养分分析其中已在下次施肥一次额外的金额决定给予化肥的 数额。 最高的总产量和平均治疗在林龄的六十八个月每年增量最大受精治疗：氮磷钾- 300，总茎 208.10 m3/ha 木材生产和 36.72 m3/ha 麦乙。氮磷钾- 300 - B是唯一的治疗方法也有显着较高，总产量比对照处理麦。 平均基本密度值也显着降低，在未来木材从治疗氮磷钾- 300-B 型（469 kg/m3的）相比，从控制木材（498 kg/m3的）。 叶分析表明，所有营养物质的浓度增加，两种处理自2008年上次里卡德卡尔松作出分 析和建议的比例已经达到所有营养素的除外，磷的对照组（P），它是稍低于推荐的比 例。 潜在的物质生产/公顷/在广西纬度年估计约为30吨，如果水，营养物和其他生物因素可 以被排除在外。在治疗氮磷钾- 300 - B的产量达到十四点零九五吨/公顷，并在该六八个月立场岁。如此大的潜在干产量估 计只有50％的潜力。 StoraEnso beslutade år 2002 att man skulle bygga ett massabruk med tillhörande eukalyptus plantage i provinsen Guangxi, södra Kina. 2010 kontrollerar StoraEnso ca 90 av planerade 120 000 ha, varav ca 75 000 är planterade med eukalyptus. Genom att förbättra det genetiska materialet, förbättra skötsel, välja plantageplatserna mer noggrant och genom att gödsla på ett bra sätt hoppas StoraEnso att medeltillväxten kommer öka, från nuvarande 25 m3/ha, på bark, till 35 m3/ha. Detta examensarbete är det fjärde som följer upp utvecklingen av ett gödslingsförsök som startade våren 2006 när försöket lades ut och man beslutade om vilka behandlingar som skulle ingå. Målet med försöket är att undersökta produktionspotentialen på Eucalyptus urophylla i Guangxi. Totalt är det sju olika behandlingar, varav en är kutym i eukalyptus plantager i södra Kina, samt en kontroll. De tre maxgödslade ytorna har fått sina gödselgivor bestämda utifrån näringsanalyser utförda på bladen, de näringsämnen som funnits i för låg koncentration har givits i extra doser vid nästa gödslingstillfälle. Behandlingen med högst volymtillväxt vid en beståndsålder av 68 månader var den maxgödslade; NPK-300-B, som hade en total stamvolym på 208.10 m3/ha och en medeltillväxt på 36.72 m3/ha. NPK-300-B var också den enda behandlingen som gav en statistiskt signifikant ökad total tillväxt och medeltillväxt jämfört med kontrollen. Torrviktsdensiteten var signifikant lägre i veden som kom från behandling NPK-300B (469 kg/m3) jämfört med veden som kom från kontroll ytan (498 kg/m3). Näringsanalyserna som gjorts på bladen visade att koncentrationerna av alla näringsämnen ökat och att de rekommenderade kvoterna har uppnåtts för alla näringsämnen utom fosfor (P) i kontrollen som var alldeles under den rekommenderade kvoten. Den potentiella stamtorrviktsproduktionen på Guangxis breddgrad är ca 30 ton/ha/år om alla begränsande faktorer som näring och vatten tillgodoses. I behandlingen med högst tillväxt, NPK-300-B, uppnåddes en årlig stamtorrviktsproduktion på 14.095 ton då tillväxten kulminerade vid en beståndsålder av 68 månader. Detta betyder att den uppnådda tillväxten i det här försöket inte ens var hälften mot den potentiella. 2011-09-30 Second cycle, A1E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/3294/1/Timander_P_110930.pdf Timander, Per, 2011. Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China. Second cycle, A1E. Alnarp: (S) > Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-295.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-637 eng |
| spellingShingle | Fertilizing Forestry production Timander, Per Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title | Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title_full | Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title_fullStr | Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title_short | Fertilization in Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in Guangxi, southern China |
| title_sort | fertilization in eucalyptus urophylla plantations in guangxi, southern china |
| topic | Fertilizing Forestry production |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/3294/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/3294/ |