Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs
Virulent strains of Staphylococcus hyicus produce exfoliative toxins and cause a potentially fatal skin disease in piglets known as exudative epidermitis. Vaccines and antimicrobials are used to control the disease. Antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of several different toxin genes and tox...
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| Formato: | First cycle, G2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2011
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| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2554/ |
| _version_ | 1855570448588210176 |
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| author | Björklund, Christina |
| author_browse | Björklund, Christina |
| author_facet | Björklund, Christina |
| author_sort | Björklund, Christina |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Virulent strains of Staphylococcus hyicus produce exfoliative toxins and cause a potentially fatal skin disease in piglets known as exudative epidermitis. Vaccines and antimicrobials are used to control the disease. Antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of several different toxin genes and toxigenic strains make it problematic. The aim of this literature study was to identify potential differences between countries and between healthy and diseased pigs regarding antimicrobial resistance and toxin-producing strains. Great differences could influence vaccine production, treatment strategies and surveillance programs.
The prevalence of virulent strains were much higher in diseased pig isolates but were not uncommon among healthy pigs. No evidence for differences in the distribution of toxin genes between healthy and diseased pigs was observed but differences between countries were obvious. Some toxin genes were found to be dominant in certain countries. Differences in resistance patterns were seen between healthy and diseased pig as well as between countries but the antimicrobials with the highest resistance rates were almost the same in all observed countries. These findings show the importance of national and outbreak-related identification of the disease-causing strains to ensure that the most effective antimicrobial is used and that vaccines are produced from the right strains. More research is needed to follow the development but also to investigate why some pigs stay healthy despite carrying toxin-producing strains. There might be natural factors involved that could be used to prevent the disease and in turn decrease the need for antimicrobials in the future.
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| format | First cycle, G2E |
| id | RepoSLU2554 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU25542012-04-20T14:19:10Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2554/ Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs Björklund, Christina Animal diseases Virulent strains of Staphylococcus hyicus produce exfoliative toxins and cause a potentially fatal skin disease in piglets known as exudative epidermitis. Vaccines and antimicrobials are used to control the disease. Antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of several different toxin genes and toxigenic strains make it problematic. The aim of this literature study was to identify potential differences between countries and between healthy and diseased pigs regarding antimicrobial resistance and toxin-producing strains. Great differences could influence vaccine production, treatment strategies and surveillance programs. The prevalence of virulent strains were much higher in diseased pig isolates but were not uncommon among healthy pigs. No evidence for differences in the distribution of toxin genes between healthy and diseased pigs was observed but differences between countries were obvious. Some toxin genes were found to be dominant in certain countries. Differences in resistance patterns were seen between healthy and diseased pig as well as between countries but the antimicrobials with the highest resistance rates were almost the same in all observed countries. These findings show the importance of national and outbreak-related identification of the disease-causing strains to ensure that the most effective antimicrobial is used and that vaccines are produced from the right strains. More research is needed to follow the development but also to investigate why some pigs stay healthy despite carrying toxin-producing strains. There might be natural factors involved that could be used to prevent the disease and in turn decrease the need for antimicrobials in the future. Exsudativ epidermit är en potentiellt dödlig hudsjukdom som framförallt drabbar smågrisar. Hudskadorna orsakas av exfoliativa toxiner som produceras av virulenta stammar av Staphylococcus hyicus. Vacciner och antibiotikabehandling används idag för att kontrollera sjukdomen men resistensutveckling och förekomst av flera olika toxingener och toxin-producerande stammar försvårar arbetet. Den här litteraturstudien syftar till att undersöka skillnader i förekomst av virulenta stammar och antibiotikaresistens mellan olika länder samt mellan friska och sjuka grisar. Stora skillnader skulle vara av betydelse för vaccinproduktion, behandlingsstrategier och övervakningsprogram. Virulenta stammar kan isoleras från både sjuka och friska grisar men isoleringsfrekvensen är mycket högre hos sjuka grisar. Skillnader i fördelningen av toxingener mellan stammar från friska och sjuka grisar kunde inte påvisas men internationella skillnader var tydliga. Olika resistensmönster har observerats för friska och sjuka grisar inom begränsade områden och mellan länder men de innefattade i stort sett samma antibiotikagrupper. Forskningsresultaten styrker behovet av både nationell och utbrottsspecifik identifiering och analys av sjukdomsorsakande stammar. Detta skulle säkerställa att den mest effektiva antibiotika-behandlingen sätts in och att vacciner produceras från rätt stammar. Fortsatt forskning behövs för att följa utvecklingen men även för att utreda varför vissa grisar förblir friska trots att de bär på toxinproducerande stammar. Det kan finnas naturligt skyddande faktorer som skulle kunna användas i förebyggande syfte vilket i sin tur skulle kunna minska behovet av antibiotikabehandling i framtiden. 2011-05-03 First cycle, G2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2554/1/bjorklund_c_110503.pdf Björklund, Christina, 2011. Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs. First cycle, G2E. Uppsala: (VH) > Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-713.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-113 eng |
| spellingShingle | Animal diseases Björklund, Christina Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title | Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title_full | Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title_short | Prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| title_sort | prevalence of toxin-producing strains and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis and from healthy pigs |
| topic | Animal diseases |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2554/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2554/ |