Bovin tuberkulos
Tuberculosis is one of many infectious diseases in the world and is responsible for a large number of human deaths each year. The cause is Mycobacterium ssp included in the tuberculosis-complex, there among Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection with M. bovis causes bovine tub...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | First cycle, G2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco sueco |
| Publicado: |
2011
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| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2458/ |
| _version_ | 1855570435144417280 |
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| author | Lindgren, Ida |
| author_browse | Lindgren, Ida |
| author_facet | Lindgren, Ida |
| author_sort | Lindgren, Ida |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Tuberculosis is one of many infectious diseases in the world and is responsible for a large number of human deaths each year. The cause is Mycobacterium ssp included in the tuberculosis-complex, there among Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection with M. bovis causes bovine tuberculosis in cattle which in 90 % has a pulmonary location. Humans are infected mainly by milk from infected cows but also by close contact with coughing animals or by eating raw meat. Humans generally develop so called extrapulmonary tuberculosis due to the alimentary route of infection. In Ethiopia 16 % of all reported cases of tuberculosis, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary, is known to be caused by M. bovis. In the same region, 34 % of human tuberculosis cases reported is of extrapulmonary type.
The prevalence of M. bovis in cattle in east Africa is low, though 67-88 % of the villages have at least one test-positive individual. The prevalence is elevated with increased trade with cattle and contact with wild animals. Though, it is thought to maintain at a low level due to unfavorable environment for the bacteria where altitude may play a part. The domestic breed zebu is also thought to be more resistant of the infection compared with other breeds.
The main factor known to increase the risk of infection in humans is the lack of knowledge of primarily food hygiene. Of the people in rural areas, 40 % practice a way of living that exposes them for the disease. Other factors contributing to an augmented risk of bovine tuberculosis in humans is other immunosuppressive infections, where HIV and M. tuberculosis are known to make people more susceptible. |
| format | First cycle, G2E |
| id | RepoSLU2458 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe swe |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU24582012-04-20T14:18:44Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2458/ Bovin tuberkulos Lindgren, Ida Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects Food contamination and toxicology Human medicine, health, and safety Tuberculosis is one of many infectious diseases in the world and is responsible for a large number of human deaths each year. The cause is Mycobacterium ssp included in the tuberculosis-complex, there among Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection with M. bovis causes bovine tuberculosis in cattle which in 90 % has a pulmonary location. Humans are infected mainly by milk from infected cows but also by close contact with coughing animals or by eating raw meat. Humans generally develop so called extrapulmonary tuberculosis due to the alimentary route of infection. In Ethiopia 16 % of all reported cases of tuberculosis, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary, is known to be caused by M. bovis. In the same region, 34 % of human tuberculosis cases reported is of extrapulmonary type. The prevalence of M. bovis in cattle in east Africa is low, though 67-88 % of the villages have at least one test-positive individual. The prevalence is elevated with increased trade with cattle and contact with wild animals. Though, it is thought to maintain at a low level due to unfavorable environment for the bacteria where altitude may play a part. The domestic breed zebu is also thought to be more resistant of the infection compared with other breeds. The main factor known to increase the risk of infection in humans is the lack of knowledge of primarily food hygiene. Of the people in rural areas, 40 % practice a way of living that exposes them for the disease. Other factors contributing to an augmented risk of bovine tuberculosis in humans is other immunosuppressive infections, where HIV and M. tuberculosis are known to make people more susceptible. Tuberkulos är en av de infektionssjukdomar som ansvarar för störst andel humana dödsfall i världen varje år. Sjukdomen orsakas av Mycobacterium ssp ur tuberkuloskomplexet där bland annat Mycobacterium bovis och Mycobacterium tuberculosis är inkluderade. Infektion med M. bovis orsakar bovin tuberkulos hos nötkreatur som i 90 % av fallen är lokaliserad till lungorna. Den största infektionskällan för människor är kontaminerad mjölk men även rått kött och nära kontakt med sjuka djur medför en risk. Människor utvecklar framförallt så kallad extrapulmonär tuberkulos på grund av infektionsvägen. Av alla rapporterade tuberkulosfall i Etiopien orsakas 16 % av M. bovis. I samma område är 34 % av de humana fallen av tuberkulos av extrapulmonär typ. Prevalensen av M. bovis på boskap i Östafrika är låg, men 67-88 % av byarna har minst en testpositiv individ. Prevelansen ökar med ökad handel av boskap samt vid nära kontakt mellan tamboskap och vilda djur. Att prevalensen ändå är låg skulle kunna förklaras med en ofördelaktig miljö för bakterien där altituden även verkar ha betydelse. Den inhemska rasen zebu verkar också inneha en ökad motståndskraft mot infektionen. Den största orsaken till spridning av bovin tuberkulos till människa är bristen på kunskap och information där livsmedelshygienen spelar en viktig roll. På landsbygden lever 40 % på ett sätt som utsätter dem för en risk för infektion. Andra faktorer som medför en ökad risk är samtida immunosupprimerande infektioner där HIV och M. tuberculosis medför en ökad känslighet. 2011-04-10 First cycle, G2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2458/1/lindgren_i_110407.pdf Lindgren, Ida, 2011. Bovin tuberkulos : smittvägar mellan människa och nötkreatur på den östafrikanska landsbygden. First cycle, G2E. Uppsala: (VH) > Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-713.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-46 swe |
| spellingShingle | Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects Food contamination and toxicology Human medicine, health, and safety Lindgren, Ida Bovin tuberkulos |
| title | Bovin tuberkulos |
| title_full | Bovin tuberkulos |
| title_fullStr | Bovin tuberkulos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bovin tuberkulos |
| title_short | Bovin tuberkulos |
| title_sort | bovin tuberkulos |
| topic | Veterinary science and hygiene - General aspects Food contamination and toxicology Human medicine, health, and safety |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2458/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/2458/ |