The hot and cold cow
This thesis examines if Swedish dairy farms between 2005-2016, that diversify into unconventional income opportunities, can cushion a possible negative effect from increase in the mean temperature in Sweden. Dairy cows are sensitive to increases in temperature and could suffer from both heat and col...
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2022
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17458/ |
| _version_ | 1855572900494442496 |
|---|---|
| author | Sone Dy, Sanae |
| author_browse | Sone Dy, Sanae |
| author_facet | Sone Dy, Sanae |
| author_sort | Sone Dy, Sanae |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | This thesis examines if Swedish dairy farms between 2005-2016, that diversify into unconventional income opportunities, can cushion a possible negative effect from increase in the mean temperature in Sweden. Dairy cows are sensitive to increases in temperature and could suffer from both heat and cold stress. This might cause effects on dairy production because the energy is diverted to maintain body temperature instead of producing milk.
According to IPCCs fifth assessment report (2014) there are evidence of an increasing global temperature. Between 1951-2012 the global mean surface temperature increased with 0.72C. The warming has shown to have been largest in the Scandinavian areas. Diversification could work as an insurance for future changes in the environment. When a farm introduces new income sources into the business it could create a more stable stream of income. Dairy farms need to be able to survive in a changing environment and bringing diversification into the system may be a possible solution to secure framers income and availability to food.
This thesis contributes to the literature by incorporating income diversification and temperature to evaluate the effect on dairy farm productivity from an economic perspective. The method used to analyze is a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) for an unbalanced panel data of 684 dairy farms located all over Sweden. The model consists of 3947 observations and includes the variables temperature, Simpson’s index of diversification and an interaction term between diversification index and temperature. The temperature data is divided into seasons of winter, spring, summer and autumn.
The results show that there are both negative and positive effects from increased mean temperature dependent on the season and an indication of a positive effect from income diversification on output. Further the interaction term displays a positive sign for spring and summer temperature which have a negative effect on output by themselves. This indicates that a negative impact from changes in temperature on dairy productivity could be reduced trough income diversification. Though, the results should be interpreted with caution because of weaknesses in the data. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU17458 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU174582022-01-13T02:00:40Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17458/ The hot and cold cow Sone Dy, Sanae Animal husbandry This thesis examines if Swedish dairy farms between 2005-2016, that diversify into unconventional income opportunities, can cushion a possible negative effect from increase in the mean temperature in Sweden. Dairy cows are sensitive to increases in temperature and could suffer from both heat and cold stress. This might cause effects on dairy production because the energy is diverted to maintain body temperature instead of producing milk. According to IPCCs fifth assessment report (2014) there are evidence of an increasing global temperature. Between 1951-2012 the global mean surface temperature increased with 0.72C. The warming has shown to have been largest in the Scandinavian areas. Diversification could work as an insurance for future changes in the environment. When a farm introduces new income sources into the business it could create a more stable stream of income. Dairy farms need to be able to survive in a changing environment and bringing diversification into the system may be a possible solution to secure framers income and availability to food. This thesis contributes to the literature by incorporating income diversification and temperature to evaluate the effect on dairy farm productivity from an economic perspective. The method used to analyze is a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) for an unbalanced panel data of 684 dairy farms located all over Sweden. The model consists of 3947 observations and includes the variables temperature, Simpson’s index of diversification and an interaction term between diversification index and temperature. The temperature data is divided into seasons of winter, spring, summer and autumn. The results show that there are both negative and positive effects from increased mean temperature dependent on the season and an indication of a positive effect from income diversification on output. Further the interaction term displays a positive sign for spring and summer temperature which have a negative effect on output by themselves. This indicates that a negative impact from changes in temperature on dairy productivity could be reduced trough income diversification. Though, the results should be interpreted with caution because of weaknesses in the data. I denna avhandling undersöks om svenska mjölkgårdar mellan år 2005–2016, som diversifierar in i okonventionella inkomstmöjligheter, kan dämpa en eventuell negativ effekt från en ökning av medeltemperaturen i Sverige. Mjölkkor är känsliga för temperaturökningar och kan drabbas av stress från både värme och kyla. Detta kan orsaka effekter på mjölkproduktionen, eftersom energin används för att bibehålla kroppstemperaturen istället för att producera mjölk. Enligt IPCC:s femte bedömningsrapport (2014) finns det tecken på en ökande global medeltemperatur. Mellan 1951–2012 ökade den globala medeltemperaturen med 0,72 °C. Uppvärmningen har visat sig vara störst i de skandinaviska områdena. Diversifiering kan fungera som en försäkring för framtida miljöförändringar. När nya inkomstkällor introduceras på en gård kan det skapa ett mer stabilt inkomstflöde. Mjölkgårdar måste kunna överleva i en föränderlig miljö och att införa diversifiering i verksamheten kan vara en möjlig lösning för att säkra inkomster och tillgång till mat i framtiden. Denna avhandling bidrar till litteraturen genom att integrera inkomstdiversifiering och temperatur för att utvärdera effekten på mjölkgårdens produktivitet ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Analysmetoden som används är en Stokastisk Frontier Analys (SFA) på en obalanserad paneldata innefattande 684 mjölkgårdar belägna över hela Sverige. Modellen består av 3947 observationer och inkluderar variablerna temperatur, Simpsons diversifieringsindex och en interaktionsterm mellan diversifieringsindex och temperatur. Temperaturdata delas in i årstiderna vinter, vår, sommar och höst. Resultaten visar att det finns både negativa och positiva effekter av en ökad medeltemperatur beroende på säsong och en indikation på en positiv effekt av inkomstdiversifiering på mjölkproduktionen. Dessutom visar interaktionstermen en positiv påverkan för vår- och sommartemperatur som har en negativ effekt på produktionen för sig själva. Detta innebär att en negativ inverkan av temperaturförändringar på produktiviteten kan minskas genom inkomstdiversifiering av inkomst. Resultaten bör dock tolkas med varsamhet på grund av brister i data. 2022-01-11 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17458/1/s_dy_210608.pdf Sone Dy, Sanae, 2021. The hot and cold cow : a stochastic production frontier analysis of the effect of temperature and income diversification in Swedish dairy farms.. Second cycle, A2E. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Economics <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-510.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-17458 eng |
| spellingShingle | Animal husbandry Sone Dy, Sanae The hot and cold cow |
| title | The hot and cold cow |
| title_full | The hot and cold cow |
| title_fullStr | The hot and cold cow |
| title_full_unstemmed | The hot and cold cow |
| title_short | The hot and cold cow |
| title_sort | hot and cold cow |
| topic | Animal husbandry |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17458/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17458/ |