Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion and crude protein concentration in mixed leys
Red clover is an important crop in Sweden, being the most cultivated forage legume in the country. It has a high crude protein concentration and fast establishment, which makes it a welcome addition to a ley mixture. However, red clover is not persistent and generally little remains in the third h...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17423/ |
| _version_ | 1855572895845056512 |
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| author | Bergqvist, Sanna |
| author_browse | Bergqvist, Sanna |
| author_facet | Bergqvist, Sanna |
| author_sort | Bergqvist, Sanna |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Red clover is an important crop in Sweden, being the most cultivated forage legume in the country.
It has a high crude protein concentration and fast establishment, which makes it a welcome addition
to a ley mixture. However, red clover is not persistent and generally little remains in the third harvest
year. This is caused by a combination of several different factors such as management practices and
diseases. To determine how these factors affect red clover persistence, literature on the subject was
analysed and correlated with the results of an analysis of data from the long-term field experiment
R8-71. R8-71 includes six-year crop rotations with different proportions of timothy-red clover ley
in each rotation.
Diseases and pests are the most common causes of red clover decline, and without their presence,
red clover cultivars can persist for more than eight years. The analysis of R8-71 revealed typical
signs of both clover rot and root rot. There was a sharp decrease in red clover proportion in the third
harvest year, which is typical when plants are affected by root rot. Over time there was a decrease
of clover proportion in the first harvest year in the crop rotation with the most frequent use of
timothy-red clover ley, a typical sign of clover rot.
It is known that the clover proportion of a ley and crude protein of the forage increases between
the first and second harvest, and this was confirmed in this thesis. Having a three-year or five-year
ley did not influence the persistence of clover within a crop rotation cycle.
The clover proportion in the first and second harvest of the first production year declined with
each crop rotation cycle. The crop rotation with a five-harvest year ley was the only rotation where
the decline of clover proportion in the first production year was significant, but it was only
significantly different from the change in clover proportion of the two-harvest year cropping system.
In conclusion, red clover and crude protein concentration in the produced forage increased
between the first and second harvest. Red clover persistence was not significantly affected by the
proportion of ley within a rotation, but the proportion of red clover decreased over crop rotation
cycles when the gap between leys with clover was less than two years. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU17423 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU174232021-12-09T02:00:24Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17423/ Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion and crude protein concentration in mixed leys Bergqvist, Sanna Crop husbandry Cropping patterns and systems Red clover is an important crop in Sweden, being the most cultivated forage legume in the country. It has a high crude protein concentration and fast establishment, which makes it a welcome addition to a ley mixture. However, red clover is not persistent and generally little remains in the third harvest year. This is caused by a combination of several different factors such as management practices and diseases. To determine how these factors affect red clover persistence, literature on the subject was analysed and correlated with the results of an analysis of data from the long-term field experiment R8-71. R8-71 includes six-year crop rotations with different proportions of timothy-red clover ley in each rotation. Diseases and pests are the most common causes of red clover decline, and without their presence, red clover cultivars can persist for more than eight years. The analysis of R8-71 revealed typical signs of both clover rot and root rot. There was a sharp decrease in red clover proportion in the third harvest year, which is typical when plants are affected by root rot. Over time there was a decrease of clover proportion in the first harvest year in the crop rotation with the most frequent use of timothy-red clover ley, a typical sign of clover rot. It is known that the clover proportion of a ley and crude protein of the forage increases between the first and second harvest, and this was confirmed in this thesis. Having a three-year or five-year ley did not influence the persistence of clover within a crop rotation cycle. The clover proportion in the first and second harvest of the first production year declined with each crop rotation cycle. The crop rotation with a five-harvest year ley was the only rotation where the decline of clover proportion in the first production year was significant, but it was only significantly different from the change in clover proportion of the two-harvest year cropping system. In conclusion, red clover and crude protein concentration in the produced forage increased between the first and second harvest. Red clover persistence was not significantly affected by the proportion of ley within a rotation, but the proportion of red clover decreased over crop rotation cycles when the gap between leys with clover was less than two years. Rödklöver spelar en stor roll för svenskt jordbruk då den är den mest odlade foderbaljväxten i landet. Den har en hög råproteinkoncentration och en snabb etablering vilket gör den till ett välkommet tillskott i vallfröblandningen. Rödklöver är dock inte uthållig i vallen och det är vanligt att en tredjeårsvall innehåller näst intill ingen rödklöver. Detta orsakas av en kombination av olika faktorer så som odlingsåtgärder och sjukdomar. För att utröna hur dessa faktorer påverkar rödklöverplantans uthållighet, har litteratur inom ämnet analyserats och korrelerats till resultatet av en analys av det långliggande fältexperimentet R8-71. R8-71 inkluderar sexåriga växtföljder med olika andel rödklöver-timotejvall i växtföljden. Sjukdomar och skadegörare visade sig vara de vanligaste orsakerna till minskningen av rödklöver. När dessa inte är närvarande kan rödklövern uppnå en ålder av över åtta år. Analysen av data från R8-71 antyder att både klöverröta och rotröta påverkat rödklövern i försöket. Det var en skarp nedgång av klöverandel under vallens tredje skördeår, vilket kan hänföras till angrepp av rotröta då detta är typiska symptom. Över tid noterades en nedgång av klöverandelen redan i förstaårsvallen i växtföljden med störst andel timotej-rödklövervall, ett typiskt tecken på klöverröta. Det är sedan tidigare känt att rödklöver- och råproteininnehåll i en vall stiger mellan första och andra skörd, vilket bekräftades i denna studie. Det fanns ingen skillnad mellan påverkan på klöverns uthållighet mellan en växtföljd med en treårig vall jämfört med fem inom den sexåriga växtföljden. Klöverandelen i första och andra skörd det första produktionsåret minskade för varje växtföljdsomlopp. Växtföljden med en femårig produktionsvall var den enda där minskningen för det första produktionsåret var signifikant men minskningen var endast signifikant olik från förändringen av klöverinnehåll i växtföljden med en tvåårig produktionsvall. Sammanfattningsvis ökade rödklöver och råproteinkoncentrationen i det producerade fodret mellan första och andra skörd. Rödklöverns uthållighet påverkades inte signifikant av andelen vall inom en växtföljdsrotation, men rödklöverhalten minskade över växtföljdscyklerna om avbrottet mellan vall med klöver var mindre än två år. 2021-12-08 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17423/3/bergqvist_s_211208.pdf Bergqvist, Sanna, 2021. Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion and crude protein concentration in mixed leys. Second cycle, A2E. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Crop Production Ecology <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-500.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-17423 eng |
| spellingShingle | Crop husbandry Cropping patterns and systems Bergqvist, Sanna Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title | Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title_full | Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title_fullStr | Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title_short | Long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| title_sort | long-term effects of cropping system on red clover proportion
and crude protein concentration in mixed leys |
| topic | Crop husbandry Cropping patterns and systems |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17423/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/17423/ |