Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning?
Effects of walk breaks in T1/T3 final on heart rate and lactate in Icelandic horses Icelandic horses share, with a few other breeds, the genes to perform the gaits tölt (fourbeat without suspension) and flying pace (two-beat with suspension). Characteristic for a good tölt is the clear and distin...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | M2 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry (until 231231)
2020
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855572681310601216 |
|---|---|
| author | Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa |
| author_browse | Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa |
| author_facet | Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa |
| author_sort | Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Effects of walk breaks in T1/T3 final on heart rate and lactate in Icelandic horses
Icelandic horses share, with a few other breeds, the genes to perform the gaits tölt (fourbeat
without suspension) and flying pace (two-beat with suspension). Characteristic for a
good tölt is the clear and distinct four beat, great balance, correct topline and high but
supple movements. Sport Competitions, Pace Race and Gæðinga is common
competitions for Icelandic horses. T1/T3 is a Sport Competition containing three
sections: 1. slow tölt; 2. slow tölt with lengthen stride distinctly on the long sides; 3. fast
tölt. The five riders who receive the highest scores from the judges in the preliminary
round can participate in the A-finals. In the finals the sections must be shown in both
hands and the time is often increased compared to the preliminary rounds.
In medium to fast speed, tölt has similar physiological responses like trot. The
physiological responses in tölt seems to be higher with increasing speed and when the
rider’s weight is more than 22% of the horse’s weight. The rules of walk breaks in the
finals arose from riders and judge’s idea that the horses had high physiological response
during the finals and therefore was a threat for the welfare of the horses. There is no
public data showing the physiological responses in a T1/T3 final nor the walk breaks
impact. The aim of this thesis is to examine the physiological response during a T1/T3
final and compare these results with two different finals arrangement; with walk pauses
and without. The physiological response is measured by heart rate in beats/min and
lactate in mmol/L blood. When horses reach 4mmol/L the anaerobic system has an
important role to provide the muscles with energy compared to the aerobic system when
lactate is under 4mmol/L.
This study included six trained horses (age 8-19, three mares, two geldings, one
stallion). Six well-educated riders rode the two final arrangements on two different days
in standardized groups of three. The warmup was individual (time limit 25 min). The
finals with the walk pauses was formed as follow. Section 1: slow tölt 100s, change
hand 20s, slow tölt 100s. Section 2: stride lengths 110 s, change hand 20 s, walk pause
60 s, stride lengths 110s. Section 3: Fast tölt 65 s, change hand 20s, walk pause 120 s,
fast tölt 65 s. The finals without walk pauses were arranged the same way but the walk
pauses were excluded. Heart rate was measured and collected during rest, 10 min
warmup and throughout the finals. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for
lactate after section 1, 2 and 3. The results showed no significant difference on heart rate
and lactate from the two final arrangements. The horses received significant higher heart
rate and lactate in section fast tölt compared to slow tölt. In fast tölt the horses received
heart rate 177 beats per minute (SEM= 7.9) and blood lactate concentration 3.9 mmol/L
(SEM=0.7). Additionally, there was an individual range in blood lactate concentrations
from 0.5-7.4 mmol/L. In conclusion, the hypothesis that there would be no difference in
the physiological response in the two final arrangement is true. The hypothesis that the
horses would receive over 4mmol/L blood in stride lengths and fast tölt is rejected.
However, individual horses worked over 4mmol/L in fast tölt. |
| format | M2 |
| id | RepoSLU16046 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU160462020-09-17T01:02:30Z Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? Effects of walk breaks in T1/T3 final on heart rate and lactate in Icelandic horses Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa islandshäst tävling fysiologiskt svar tölt laktat träning hjärtfrekvens Effects of walk breaks in T1/T3 final on heart rate and lactate in Icelandic horses Icelandic horses share, with a few other breeds, the genes to perform the gaits tölt (fourbeat without suspension) and flying pace (two-beat with suspension). Characteristic for a good tölt is the clear and distinct four beat, great balance, correct topline and high but supple movements. Sport Competitions, Pace Race and Gæðinga is common competitions for Icelandic horses. T1/T3 is a Sport Competition containing three sections: 1. slow tölt; 2. slow tölt with lengthen stride distinctly on the long sides; 3. fast tölt. The five riders who receive the highest scores from the judges in the preliminary round can participate in the A-finals. In the finals the sections must be shown in both hands and the time is often increased compared to the preliminary rounds. In medium to fast speed, tölt has similar physiological responses like trot. The physiological responses in tölt seems to be higher with increasing speed and when the rider’s weight is more than 22% of the horse’s weight. The rules of walk breaks in the finals arose from riders and judge’s idea that the horses had high physiological response during the finals and therefore was a threat for the welfare of the horses. There is no public data showing the physiological responses in a T1/T3 final nor the walk breaks impact. The aim of this thesis is to examine the physiological response during a T1/T3 final and compare these results with two different finals arrangement; with walk pauses and without. The physiological response is measured by heart rate in beats/min and lactate in mmol/L blood. When horses reach 4mmol/L the anaerobic system has an important role to provide the muscles with energy compared to the aerobic system when lactate is under 4mmol/L. This study included six trained horses (age 8-19, three mares, two geldings, one stallion). Six well-educated riders rode the two final arrangements on two different days in standardized groups of three. The warmup was individual (time limit 25 min). The finals with the walk pauses was formed as follow. Section 1: slow tölt 100s, change hand 20s, slow tölt 100s. Section 2: stride lengths 110 s, change hand 20 s, walk pause 60 s, stride lengths 110s. Section 3: Fast tölt 65 s, change hand 20s, walk pause 120 s, fast tölt 65 s. The finals without walk pauses were arranged the same way but the walk pauses were excluded. Heart rate was measured and collected during rest, 10 min warmup and throughout the finals. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for lactate after section 1, 2 and 3. The results showed no significant difference on heart rate and lactate from the two final arrangements. The horses received significant higher heart rate and lactate in section fast tölt compared to slow tölt. In fast tölt the horses received heart rate 177 beats per minute (SEM= 7.9) and blood lactate concentration 3.9 mmol/L (SEM=0.7). Additionally, there was an individual range in blood lactate concentrations from 0.5-7.4 mmol/L. In conclusion, the hypothesis that there would be no difference in the physiological response in the two final arrangement is true. The hypothesis that the horses would receive over 4mmol/L blood in stride lengths and fast tölt is rejected. However, individual horses worked over 4mmol/L in fast tölt. Islandshästarna är kända för sin förmåga att gå i tölt som är en fyrtaktig gångart utan svävfas och flygande pass som är en tvåtaktig gångart med svävfas. En bra tölt beskrivs ha en tydlig fyrtakt, vara välbalanserad med aktiva bakben och överlinje samt ha stora och mjuka rörelser. Islandshästar tävlar i särskilda tävlingar såsom sportgrenar, passlöp och gæðingakeppni. T1/T3 är en sportgren där ekipaget visar tre moment: långsam tölt; långsam tölt på kortsidorna och ökad steglängd på långsidorna; ökad tölt. De sex ryttarna som får högst poäng i uttagningen går till final där de tre momenten visas i båda varv. Mjölksyratröskeln hos hästar uppstår vid 4 mmol/L och då förser de anaeroba systemet musklerna med energi. Under mjölksyratröskeln arbetar det aerobiska systemet till största del. Medel till ökat tempo tölt verkar ha liknande fysiologiska svar som i trav. Det fysiologiska svaret i tölt verkar bli högre om hastigheten ökas eller ryttarens vikt överskrider 22% av hästens vikt. Reglerna om skrittpauserna i finaler tillkom efter att ryttare och domare ansåg att ansträngningsnivån i T1/T3 finalerna var hög. Det finns inga studier på hästens fysiologiska svar under T1/T3 finaler. Studien hade två syften: ta reda på om det fanns några skillnader på det fysiologiska svaret i T1/T3 finaler med och utan skrittpaus samt undersöka hästarnas fysiologiska svar under en T1/T3 final. Det fysiologiska svaret mättes genom hjärtfrekvens i slag/min och laktatprov i mmol/L helblod. I den här studien ingick sex tränade islandshästar mellan 8–19 år, tre ston, två valacker 14 och en hingst. Sex erfarna ryttare red två olika finalupplägg på två olika dagar på samma häst under båda tillfällena. Testet reds på ovalbana med tre ekipage på banan samtidigt, grupperna lottades. Uppvärmningen var självständig men tidsbestämd till 25 min. Finalerna med skrittpauser reds på följande vis: långsam tölt 100s, varvbyte 20s, långsam tölt 100s: Steglängdsökningar 110s, varvbyte 20s, skrittpaus 60 min, steglängdsökningar 110s: ökad tölt 60s, varvbyte 20s, skrittpaus 120s, ökad tölt 65s. Finalerna utan skrittpaus reds på samma sätt men utan skrittpauser. Hjärtfrekvens registrerades i vila, 10 mins uppvärmning och under hela arbetstestet. Blodaktat samlades in efter långsam tölt, steglängdsökningar och ökad tölt. Resultatet visar ingen skillnad på varken hjärtfrekvens eller blodlaktat beroende på de olika finaluppläggen. En signifikant skillnad i hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat kunde ses mellan momenten långsam tölt och ökad tölt. Resultaten från den här studien indikerar att det aeroba systemet arbetar till största del under långsam tölt (medel 0,5 mmol/L SEM=0,7) och steglängdsökningar (medel 1,9 mmol/L SEM= 0,7). Efter ökat tempo var blodlaktat 3,9 mmol/L med individuell spridning på 0,5–7,4 mmol/L (SEM= 0,7), vilket indikerar att vissa individer arbetade över sin mjölksyratröskel. SLU/Dept. of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry (until 231231) 2020 M2 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/16046/ |
| spellingShingle | islandshäst tävling fysiologiskt svar tölt laktat träning hjärtfrekvens Eriksson, Sangsta Elsa Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title | Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title_full | Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title_fullStr | Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title_short | Hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av T1/T3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| title_sort | hur påverkas hjärtfrekvens och blodlaktat av t1/t3 (tölt)finalens utformning? |
| topic | islandshäst tävling fysiologiskt svar tölt laktat träning hjärtfrekvens |