Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds
To reduce pesticides and find greener alternatives for weed management in crop production has been a big issue worldwide. In Sweden, the Board of Agriculture has developed grants for farmers who use e.g. cover crops and new and greener strategies (e.g. using other crops to suppress weeds to reduce t...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Second cycle, A2E |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2019
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14379/ |
| _version_ | 1855572397339443200 |
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| author | Ahlqvist, Amanda |
| author_browse | Ahlqvist, Amanda |
| author_facet | Ahlqvist, Amanda |
| author_sort | Ahlqvist, Amanda |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | To reduce pesticides and find greener alternatives for weed management in crop production has been a big issue worldwide. In Sweden, the Board of Agriculture has developed grants for farmers who use e.g. cover crops and new and greener strategies (e.g. using other crops to suppress weeds to reduce the use of chemical pesticides) to add to their weed management. Cover crops are usually fast-growing crops which can cover the ground quickly to prevent weed growth. Cover crops can also have different qualities and abilities which can benefit the other crops in the crop rotation, e.g. prevent nutrient leakage, increase soil structure and suppressing weeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the cover crop’s ability to suppress and minimize the number and biomass of annual weeds and see if there are any differences between the cover crops species ability to suppress weeds. Also, to investigate in literature the benefits cover crops can give the next main crop. A field experiment was set in the northwest of Scania, Sweden, with different cover crops. The cover crops used were buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) in pure stock and mixed with crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum), Sudangrass (Sorghum x sudanense), Westerwoldisch ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum), oat (Avena sativa) and black oat (Avena strigosa). Other cover crop mixes with lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and Persian clover, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. Villosa) and winter rye (Secale cerale), and marigold (Tagetes patula) were tested. Due to a warm, dry and rainfree season this year, 2018 in Sweden, some cover crops didn’t establish well, and they were oat, black oat, lacy phacelia, hairy vetch, Persian clover, crimson clover and winter rye. The results showed a significant difference in weeds biomass between the control and the cover crops tested and this means that the cover crops tested suppress seed weeds. The cover crops had weeds biomass of 1-54 g/m2 the first sampling date and 4-47 g/m2 the second sampling date, compared to the control which had 150 g/m2 the first date and 192 g/m2 the second date. This means that the cover crops had 64-91% (first sampling) and 76-93% (second sampling) lesser weeds biomass than the control, which means that the cover crops suppressed the seed weeds well. Thou the results is good further studies need to be done in order to see if the effects and abilities are the same in different places. |
| format | Second cycle, A2E |
| id | RepoSLU14379 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU143792021-03-01T13:36:14Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14379/ Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds Ahlqvist, Amanda Crop husbandry Weeds and weed control To reduce pesticides and find greener alternatives for weed management in crop production has been a big issue worldwide. In Sweden, the Board of Agriculture has developed grants for farmers who use e.g. cover crops and new and greener strategies (e.g. using other crops to suppress weeds to reduce the use of chemical pesticides) to add to their weed management. Cover crops are usually fast-growing crops which can cover the ground quickly to prevent weed growth. Cover crops can also have different qualities and abilities which can benefit the other crops in the crop rotation, e.g. prevent nutrient leakage, increase soil structure and suppressing weeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the cover crop’s ability to suppress and minimize the number and biomass of annual weeds and see if there are any differences between the cover crops species ability to suppress weeds. Also, to investigate in literature the benefits cover crops can give the next main crop. A field experiment was set in the northwest of Scania, Sweden, with different cover crops. The cover crops used were buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) in pure stock and mixed with crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum), Sudangrass (Sorghum x sudanense), Westerwoldisch ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum), oat (Avena sativa) and black oat (Avena strigosa). Other cover crop mixes with lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and Persian clover, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. Villosa) and winter rye (Secale cerale), and marigold (Tagetes patula) were tested. Due to a warm, dry and rainfree season this year, 2018 in Sweden, some cover crops didn’t establish well, and they were oat, black oat, lacy phacelia, hairy vetch, Persian clover, crimson clover and winter rye. The results showed a significant difference in weeds biomass between the control and the cover crops tested and this means that the cover crops tested suppress seed weeds. The cover crops had weeds biomass of 1-54 g/m2 the first sampling date and 4-47 g/m2 the second sampling date, compared to the control which had 150 g/m2 the first date and 192 g/m2 the second date. This means that the cover crops had 64-91% (first sampling) and 76-93% (second sampling) lesser weeds biomass than the control, which means that the cover crops suppressed the seed weeds well. Thou the results is good further studies need to be done in order to see if the effects and abilities are the same in different places. Pesticider har blivit ett allt mer omtalat problem över hela världen, hur man kan reducera användningen av dem och hur man hittar grönare miljövänligare och mer hållbarare alternativ till att odla. I Sverige har Jordbruksverket ett förgroningsstöd för ekologiska fokusarealer som odlare kan ansöka om, som gör att odlare kan applicera mer grönare strategier, ex. mellangrödor som konkurrerar med ogräs och undantrycker dem. Mellangrödor är ett samlingsnamn för olika sorters grödor som odlas mellan två huvudgrödor. Exempel på andra namn är fånggröda, täckgröda och bottengröda. Dessa mellangrödor kan ha olika egenskaper som ex. vara snabbväxande, allelopatisk mot ogräs, konkurrerar och undertrycker ogräs, minska läckage av näringsämnen, öka jordstrukturen m.m. Målet med denna studie är att se mellangrödornas egenskap att hålla undan ogräs och om det är någon skillnad mellan de olika blandningarna. Även utreda i litteraturen vilka fördelar en mellangröda kan ge den nästkommande grödan i växtföljden. För att få svar på dessa frågor så gjordes en litteraturstudie och ett fältförsök. Fältförsök testades olika blandningar av mellangrödor genomfördes i nordvästra Skåne. De mellangrödor som användes i försöket var bovete (Fagopyrum esculentum) i renbestånd och i blandningar med blodklöver (Trifolium incarnatum), persisk klöver (Trifolium resupinatum), sudangräs (Sorghum x sudanense), Westerwoldiskt rajgräs (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum), havre (Avena sativa) och purrhavre (Avena strigosa). I försöket testades även andra blandningar med honungsört (Phacelia tanacetifolia) och persisk klöver, luddvicker (Vicia villosa ssp. Villosa) och höstråg (Secale cerale), och tagetes (Tagetes patula). På grund av den varma, torra och regnfria säsongen 2018 så grodde och eTablerade sig inte alla mellangrödor så bra. De som eTablerade sig bra var bovete, blodklöver, persisk klöver, sudangräs, westerwodliskt rajgräs och tagetes. Resultaten från denna studie visade en signifikant skillnad mellan kontrollen och mellangrödorna, vilket innebär att de undersökta grödorna undantrycker ogräs och minskar fröogräsen. Den ogräsbiomassa som var i mellangrödorna var mellan 1–54 g/m2 den första provtagningen och 4–47 g/m2 den andra provtagningen och i jämförelse med kontrollen som hade en ogräsbiomassa på 150 g/m2 den första provtagningen och 192 g/m2 den andra provtagningen. Mellangrödornas effekt mot fröogräs var 91–93 % mindre ogräs i mellangrödorna än i kontrollen. Resultaten visade på en bra ogräseffekt av mellangrödorna, men mer forskning bör göras för att undersöka om effekten är samma på andra platser i Sverige. 2019-04-08 Second cycle, A2E NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14379/7/ahlqvist_a_190408.pdf Ahlqvist, Amanda, 2019. Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds. Second cycle, A2E. Alnarp: (LTJ, LTV) > Dept. of Plant Breeding (from 130101) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/4818.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-10346 eng |
| spellingShingle | Crop husbandry Weeds and weed control Ahlqvist, Amanda Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title | Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title_full | Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title_fullStr | Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title_short | Summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| title_sort | summer cover crops after harvest of early potatoes control seed weeds |
| topic | Crop husbandry Weeds and weed control |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14379/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14379/ |