The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study

The capacity of a soil to provide ecosystem services without negative impacts on the environment is defined as soil health. Healthy soils are a fundamental resource for agricultural production and our ability to feed a growing global population. We must therefore increase our understanding of how...

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Autor principal: Williams, Hanna
Formato: H3
Lenguaje:Inglés
sueco
Publicado: SLU/Dept. of Soil and Environment 2018
Materias:
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author Williams, Hanna
author_browse Williams, Hanna
author_facet Williams, Hanna
author_sort Williams, Hanna
collection Epsilon Archive for Student Projects
description The capacity of a soil to provide ecosystem services without negative impacts on the environment is defined as soil health. Healthy soils are a fundamental resource for agricultural production and our ability to feed a growing global population. We must therefore increase our understanding of how soil health is affected by soil management. This study investigated soil health on 20 farms in the south of Sweden, using samples of topsoil from farm fields and from unmanaged soil adjacent to the sampled field at each site. Soil health was assessed using the following physical, chemical, and biological indicators: wet aggregate stability, soil protein content, active carbon, soil respiration, and soil organic matter. We designed a soil management index based on crop diversity, avoidance of mechanical soil disturbance, and application of organic amendments, and evaluated its effect on individual soil health indicators and overall relative soil health. The results of this study showed that soil health was poorer in agricultural fields than unmanaged soils. Furthermore, a high soil management index resulted in higher values for individual soil health indicators. However, soil health indicators differed in how sensitive they were to soil management. We found that wet aggregate stability and soil protein content had a high sensitivity to soil management. Active carbon, soil respiration and soil organic matter content were less sensitive to soil management and more dependent on soil texture. Lastly, the results show that a high soil management index resulted in an improved overall soil health relative to the potential soil health represented by the unmanaged soil. Our results show that it is possible to promote soil health through high crop diversity, avoidance of mechanical soil disturbance, and application of organic amendments
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spelling RepoSLU140702019-02-26T14:08:37Z The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study Williams, Hanna crop diversity soil health assessment indicator soil quality ecosystem services The capacity of a soil to provide ecosystem services without negative impacts on the environment is defined as soil health. Healthy soils are a fundamental resource for agricultural production and our ability to feed a growing global population. We must therefore increase our understanding of how soil health is affected by soil management. This study investigated soil health on 20 farms in the south of Sweden, using samples of topsoil from farm fields and from unmanaged soil adjacent to the sampled field at each site. Soil health was assessed using the following physical, chemical, and biological indicators: wet aggregate stability, soil protein content, active carbon, soil respiration, and soil organic matter. We designed a soil management index based on crop diversity, avoidance of mechanical soil disturbance, and application of organic amendments, and evaluated its effect on individual soil health indicators and overall relative soil health. The results of this study showed that soil health was poorer in agricultural fields than unmanaged soils. Furthermore, a high soil management index resulted in higher values for individual soil health indicators. However, soil health indicators differed in how sensitive they were to soil management. We found that wet aggregate stability and soil protein content had a high sensitivity to soil management. Active carbon, soil respiration and soil organic matter content were less sensitive to soil management and more dependent on soil texture. Lastly, the results show that a high soil management index resulted in an improved overall soil health relative to the potential soil health represented by the unmanaged soil. Our results show that it is possible to promote soil health through high crop diversity, avoidance of mechanical soil disturbance, and application of organic amendments Markens kapacitet att leverera ekosystemtjänster utan att negativt påverka miljön definieras som jordhälsa. Friska jordar är en grundläggande resurs för jordbruksproduktion och vår förmåga att mätta en växande global befolkning.Vi måste därför förbättra vår förståelse av hur jordhälsa påverkas av jordbruksmetoder. Denna studie undersökte jordhälsan på 20 skånska gårdar genom att analysera matjordsprover från åkermark och från ostörd jord bredvid åkern. Följande indikatorer användes för att bedöma jordhälsan: aggregatstabilitet, proteinhalt, labilt kol, markrespiration och mullhalt. Vi utformade ett brukningsindex baserat på jordbruksmetoder som omfattade varierad växtföljd, minimering av jordbearbetning samt spridning av organiska gödselmedel. Detta index användes sedan för att utvärdera hur kombinationen av dessa jordbruksmetoder påverkar enskilda indikatorer för jordhälsa såväl som total relativ jordhälsa. Resultaten visar att åkermark hade nedsatt jordhälsa jämfört med ostörd mark utanför åkern. Studien visar dessutom att jordbruksmetoder som främjar jordhälsa, här representerat av ett högt brukningsindex, resulterade i friskare jordar. Hur mycket man kan påverka indikatorer för jordhälsa genom jordbruksmetoder varierade dock. Enligt våra resultat hade jordbruksmetoder relativt stor påverkan på aggregatstabilitet och proteinhalt. Labilt kol, markrespiration och mullhalt var mindre påverkade av jordbruksmetoder utan styrdes till större del av jordarten. Slutligen visade studien att ett högt brukningsindex resulterade i friskare jordar, baserat på jämförelser med ostörd jord. Sammanfattningsvis påvisar denna studie att det är möjligt att skapa friskare jordar genom en varierad växtföljd, minimering av jordbearbetning och spridning av stallgödsel. SLU/Dept. of Soil and Environment 2018 H3 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/14070/
spellingShingle crop diversity
soil health assessment
indicator
soil quality
ecosystem services
Williams, Hanna
The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title_full The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title_fullStr The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title_full_unstemmed The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title_short The influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
title_sort influence of soil management on soil health : an on-farm study
topic crop diversity
soil health assessment
indicator
soil quality
ecosystem services