Logistik för stråbränsle
Today energy prices are rising. As a result biomass fuel is getting more and more interesting. Wood chips is very popular, but also straw from grain production is on the table. Lunds Energi AB project a combined power and heating plant in Örtofta out of Lund. Wood chips is meant to be the main en...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Otro |
| Lenguaje: | sueco sueco |
| Publicado: |
2007
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12984/ |
| _version_ | 1855572166748143616 |
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| author | Svensson, Niklas |
| author_browse | Svensson, Niklas |
| author_facet | Svensson, Niklas |
| author_sort | Svensson, Niklas |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Today energy prices are rising. As a result biomass fuel is getting more and more
interesting. Wood chips is very popular, but also straw from grain production is on the
table. Lunds Energi AB project a combined power and heating plant in Örtofta out of
Lund. Wood chips is meant to be the main energy source, complemented by straw.
In this thesis the transportation of straw for fuel is studied. The aim is to find out the
cost, what it consists of, how it can vary, and to find out the most efficient way to
transport straw for fuel.
Straw can be handled in many different ways. Bales, chopped loose material, and as
briquettes. There are many different sizes of bales, but for energy purposes the biggest is most often used; square bales, appr. 1,2x1,3x2,5 meters. Chopped straw is cheap, and
relatively easy to handle, but the transportation is expensive since the loose material is
relatively bulky. Briquettes are expensive to produce, but transportation is cheap. The
bale alternative is somewhere in between, and absolutely most often used.
To find out the cost, and to be able to compare different methods, calculations have been
made. The used values (i.e. diesel price, labour cost, driving speed and straw density)
have been varied, to see changes in the total transportation cost. Furthermore, the costs
at different distances have been calculated. Every calculation has been made with two
alternatives, for lorry and tractor.
The transportation cost consists of machinery, labour and fuel costs, where the latter is
the smallest. Lorry is cheaper than tractor, especially when the distance is getting
longer. But within 20 kilometres, the tractor might compete.
In most cases big square bales seem to be interesting. The harder the bales are, the
cheaper the management gets. Vehicles with low load platform (0,9 m) can carry bigger
load, which also reduces costs. A combination, where both bale density and transport
volume are maximized, gives transportation costs almost as low as the costs for
briquettes.
• The best way to reduce the transportation costs is to maximize load capacity,
through large and well used load volume, and high material density.
• Fuel price has relatively small effect on the total transportation costs.
• With well planned storage places and transports, extra costs can be avoided.
• Lorry transports are cheaper than tractor transport, but at short distances the
tractor alternative can be of interest.
• I believe that for Lunds Energi AB, the best thing to do is looking for flexibility,
in order to let different methods and techniques together build the optimal
system. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU12984 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish swe |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU129842017-11-22T11:42:14Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12984/ Logistik för stråbränsle Svensson, Niklas Energy resources management Today energy prices are rising. As a result biomass fuel is getting more and more interesting. Wood chips is very popular, but also straw from grain production is on the table. Lunds Energi AB project a combined power and heating plant in Örtofta out of Lund. Wood chips is meant to be the main energy source, complemented by straw. In this thesis the transportation of straw for fuel is studied. The aim is to find out the cost, what it consists of, how it can vary, and to find out the most efficient way to transport straw for fuel. Straw can be handled in many different ways. Bales, chopped loose material, and as briquettes. There are many different sizes of bales, but for energy purposes the biggest is most often used; square bales, appr. 1,2x1,3x2,5 meters. Chopped straw is cheap, and relatively easy to handle, but the transportation is expensive since the loose material is relatively bulky. Briquettes are expensive to produce, but transportation is cheap. The bale alternative is somewhere in between, and absolutely most often used. To find out the cost, and to be able to compare different methods, calculations have been made. The used values (i.e. diesel price, labour cost, driving speed and straw density) have been varied, to see changes in the total transportation cost. Furthermore, the costs at different distances have been calculated. Every calculation has been made with two alternatives, for lorry and tractor. The transportation cost consists of machinery, labour and fuel costs, where the latter is the smallest. Lorry is cheaper than tractor, especially when the distance is getting longer. But within 20 kilometres, the tractor might compete. In most cases big square bales seem to be interesting. The harder the bales are, the cheaper the management gets. Vehicles with low load platform (0,9 m) can carry bigger load, which also reduces costs. A combination, where both bale density and transport volume are maximized, gives transportation costs almost as low as the costs for briquettes. • The best way to reduce the transportation costs is to maximize load capacity, through large and well used load volume, and high material density. • Fuel price has relatively small effect on the total transportation costs. • With well planned storage places and transports, extra costs can be avoided. • Lorry transports are cheaper than tractor transport, but at short distances the tractor alternative can be of interest. • I believe that for Lunds Energi AB, the best thing to do is looking for flexibility, in order to let different methods and techniques together build the optimal system. I takt med att energipriserna blir allt högre ökar intresset för biobränslen. Flis är populärt, men även stråbränslen, till exempel spannmålshalm, är intressanta. Lunds Energi AB planerar att bygga ett kraftvärmeverk i Örtofta, som ska eldas främst med flis, men även med halm. I detta arbete studeras transporterna av stråbränsle, för att undersöka kostnaden, vilka faktorer den beror av samt hur man billigast transporterar stråbränslen. Halm kan hanteras på olika sätt. Balar, hackat löst material och som briketter. Det finns flera olika storlekar på balar, vanligast är fyrkantiga storbalar på ca 1,2x1,3x2,5 m. Lös halm är billig och relativt lätt att hantera, men transporterna blir dyra eftersom materialet är mycket skrymmande. Briketter är dyra att framställa, men transporterna blir billiga. Balar intar en mellanställning, och är ojämförligt vanligast. För att ta reda på kostnaden, och för att kunna jämföra mellan olika hanteringsmetoder har beräkningar gjorts. De ingående värdena i kalkylen har varierats (exempelvis drivmedelspris, timlön för förare, körhastighet, halmdensitet) för att se hur transportkostnaden förändras. Dessutom har kostnader vid olika transportavstånd räknats ut. I alla led har beräkningar gjorts för både traktor- och lastbilstransport. Transportkostnaden består av maskin-, arbets- och drivmedelskostnader, där den sistnämnda är betydligt mindre än de övriga. Transporterna blir billigare med lastbil än med traktor, främst vid längre avstånd. När avståndet bara är några kilometer är skillnaden liten. Traktorn kan vara ett intressant alternativ vid körsträckor på upp till 20 km. I de flesta fall tycks storbalar vara mest intressant. Ju hårdare balar, desto billigare blir hanteringen. Om ekipage med lägre flak (ca 0,9 m) används kan större mängd transporteras, vilket också sänker kostnaden. En kombination där både baldensitet och transportvolym maximeras blir transportkostnaden nästan lika låg som för briketter. • Bästa sättet att minska transportkostnaden är att maximera lastkapaciteten, vilket sker genom stor och väl utnyttjad lastvolym och hög densitet på materialet. • Drivmedelsprisets påverkan på transportkostnaden är relativt måttlig. • Med ett väl genomtänkt system med lagerplatser och transporter kan onödiga extrakostnader (t ex i form av ställtider och outnyttjad lastkapacitet) undvikas. • Det är billigare att transportera med lastbil än med traktor, men vid korta avstånd kan traktoralternativet ändå vara intressant. • Lunds Energi AB bör – enligt min bedömning – satsa på ett flexibelt system, där man låter olika metoder och tekniker komplettera varandra. 2007-10-19 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12984/1/svensson_n_171122.pdf Svensson, Niklas, 2006. Logistik för stråbränsle. UNSPECIFIED, Alnarp. Alnarp: (LTJ, LTV) > Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management (from 130101) <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-644.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-9039 swe |
| spellingShingle | Energy resources management Svensson, Niklas Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title | Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title_full | Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title_fullStr | Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title_short | Logistik för stråbränsle |
| title_sort | logistik för stråbränsle |
| topic | Energy resources management |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12984/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12984/ |