Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition
A silvopasture system is an agroforestry system specifically designed for the production of trees, tree products, forage for grazing and livestock. Research has shown that silvopasture systems can be an environmentally and economically feasible alternative to traditional land uses. Two potenti...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Otro |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2005
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12371/ |
| _version_ | 1855572050979061760 |
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| author | Lissbrant, Sofia |
| author_browse | Lissbrant, Sofia |
| author_facet | Lissbrant, Sofia |
| author_sort | Lissbrant, Sofia |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | A silvopasture system is an agroforestry system specifically designed for the production
of trees, tree products, forage for grazing and livestock. Research has shown that
silvopasture systems can be an environmentally and economically feasible alternative to
traditional land uses.
Two potential silvopasture forage species, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and red
clover (Trifolium pretense L.), were exposed to shade, low water levels and varying
species mixes. They were grown in a greenhouse for 14 weeks and were harvested at two
occasions. The light treatments were full light, 50% shade or 80% shade. The water
levels were either a well watered treatment or a water level where the plants were
exposed to water stress. There were three different species mixes; 75% grass / 25%
clover, 50% grass / 50% clover or 25% grass / 75% clover. After harvest the biomass was
measured, development stage determined, and protein content and neutral-detergent fiber
(NDF) content analyzed. The objectives of the study were to investigate how a grass
species and a legume species in different mixes are affected by different levels of shade
and water.
The biomass increased with increased light and water. The grass dominated mix gave a
higher biomass than the clover dominated mix for both species. Only the clover showed
differences in development stages between the treatments. The maturity of the plants was
increased by increased exposure to water and light. In the second harvest both the grass
and the clover increased their protein concentration when the shade levels increased. The
grass had a higher protein concentration when grown in a low water treatment while the
clover had a higher protein concentration when grown in a high water treatment. The
grass dominated mix increased the protein concentration for the grass while the clover
dominated mix increased the protein concentration for the clover. The actual amount of
protein in the plants followed the variations of the biomass; a larger plant had a higher
protein content and vice versa. The NDF levels varied between treatments, crops and
harvests.
The second harvest generally showed larger effects of the treatments than the first
harvest. The reason was that the plants started to grow in an untreated condition until they were well established for the first harvest, while they had to start regrowing in the treated environment for the second harvest. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU12371 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU123712018-10-09T10:53:13Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12371/ Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition Lissbrant, Sofia Plant ecology A silvopasture system is an agroforestry system specifically designed for the production of trees, tree products, forage for grazing and livestock. Research has shown that silvopasture systems can be an environmentally and economically feasible alternative to traditional land uses. Two potential silvopasture forage species, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and red clover (Trifolium pretense L.), were exposed to shade, low water levels and varying species mixes. They were grown in a greenhouse for 14 weeks and were harvested at two occasions. The light treatments were full light, 50% shade or 80% shade. The water levels were either a well watered treatment or a water level where the plants were exposed to water stress. There were three different species mixes; 75% grass / 25% clover, 50% grass / 50% clover or 25% grass / 75% clover. After harvest the biomass was measured, development stage determined, and protein content and neutral-detergent fiber (NDF) content analyzed. The objectives of the study were to investigate how a grass species and a legume species in different mixes are affected by different levels of shade and water. The biomass increased with increased light and water. The grass dominated mix gave a higher biomass than the clover dominated mix for both species. Only the clover showed differences in development stages between the treatments. The maturity of the plants was increased by increased exposure to water and light. In the second harvest both the grass and the clover increased their protein concentration when the shade levels increased. The grass had a higher protein concentration when grown in a low water treatment while the clover had a higher protein concentration when grown in a high water treatment. The grass dominated mix increased the protein concentration for the grass while the clover dominated mix increased the protein concentration for the clover. The actual amount of protein in the plants followed the variations of the biomass; a larger plant had a higher protein content and vice versa. The NDF levels varied between treatments, crops and harvests. The second harvest generally showed larger effects of the treatments than the first harvest. The reason was that the plants started to grow in an untreated condition until they were well established for the first harvest, while they had to start regrowing in the treated environment for the second harvest. Silvopasture system är agroforestry system särskilt utvecklade för produktion av virke, trädprodukter, bete och animalieproduktion. Forskningsresultat har visat att silvopasture system kan vara miljömässigt och ekonomiskt lönsamma jämfört med traditionell markanvändning. Två potentionellt möjliga betesväxter, engelskt rajgräs (Lolium perenne L.) och röd klöver (Trifolium pretense L.), utsattes för skugga, låg vattennivå och varierande artblandningar. De odlades i växthus i 14 veckor och skördades vid två tillfällen. Ljusbehandlingarna var fullt ljus, 50 % skugga och 80 % skugga. Vattennivåerna var antingen en välvattnad behandling eller en behandling där växterna utsattes för vattenstress. Tre olika artblandningar användes; 75 % gräs / 25 % klöver, 50 % gräs / 50 % klöver och 25 % gräs / 75 % klöver. Efter skörd mättes biomassa, utvecklingsstadierna bestämdes och proteininnehåll och fiber (NDF) innehåll mättes. Målsättningen med studien var att undersöka hur en gräsart och en baljväxtart i varierande artsammansättningar påverkas av olika nivåer av skugga och vatten. Biomassan ökade med ökat ljus och vatten. Den gräsdominerade artblandningen resulterade i en högre biomassa för både gräset och klövern än den klöverdominerade artblandningen. Endast klövern visade variation i utvecklingsstadier mellan de olika behandlingarna. Utvecklingen av klöverplantorna påskyndades av ökat ljus och god vattentillgång. Både gräset och klövern ökade sin proteinkoncentration när skuggningsnivåerna ökade i andra skörden. Gräset hade en högre proteinkoncentration när det växte under vattenstress medan klövern hade en högre proteinkoncentration när den växte under god vattentillgång. Gräset ökade sin proteinkoncentration då det växte i den gräsdominerade artblandningen, medan klövern hade högst proteinkoncentration i den klöverdominerade artblandningen. Mängden protein per planta följde variationerna i biomassa; ju större växt, desto större mängd protein innehöll den. NDF koncentrationen varierade med behandling, art och skörd. Den andra skörden visade generellt större effekt av behandlingarna än den första skörden. Anledningen till detta var att växterna inför den första skörden började växa i en obehandlad miljö tills de var väl etablerade, medan de inför den andra skörden började sin återväxt i full behandling. 2005-12-22 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12371/1/lissbrant_s_171018.pdf Lissbrant, Sofia, 2005. Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition : a simulated silvopasture system. UNSPECIFIED, Uppsala. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Crop Production Ecology <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-500.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-7964 eng |
| spellingShingle | Plant ecology Lissbrant, Sofia Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title | Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title_full | Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title_fullStr | Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title_short | Effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| title_sort | effects of shade, water and species mix on perennial ryegrass and red clover competition |
| topic | Plant ecology |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12371/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12371/ |