Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands
Forest damage by moose is an important issue in Swedish forest and wildlife management. This study aimed at understanding the variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By plots in twenty-five young forest stands damage level, damage variation and stand characteristics...
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés sueco |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies
2008
|
| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855572028299411456 |
|---|---|
| author | Olsson, Markus |
| author_browse | Olsson, Markus |
| author_facet | Olsson, Markus |
| author_sort | Olsson, Markus |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Forest damage by moose is an important issue in Swedish forest and wildlife management. This study aimed at understanding the variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By plots in twenty-five young forest stands damage level, damage variation and stand characteristics were investigated through a survey in April 2005.
On average 2.4% of the main stems showed recent damage (i.e. from the preceding winter) and 29.4% of the main stems had previous damage (from before preceding winter).
The variation of damage within stands was negatively correlated with damage level. Compared to damage level, damage variation showed inversely correlations to several stand characteristics. These relationships were interpreted as an interaction mainly between the unique characteristics of a stand and moose browsing pattern. Such interactions determine the damage level, which in turn determines the predominant level of damage variation.
The risk of a pine to be browsed, if its neighbour is browsed, is significantly higher than what expected from random browsing. That risk decreased linearly with increasing distance to the browsed pine.
The patterns revealed are discussed in terms of how to decrease the share of damaged main stems in future stands and how to improve surveys and predictions of damage levels in young pine stands. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU12249 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Inglés swe |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU122492017-11-01T12:37:06Z Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands Olsson, Markus forest damage moose Scots pine spatial variation thinning Forest damage by moose is an important issue in Swedish forest and wildlife management. This study aimed at understanding the variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By plots in twenty-five young forest stands damage level, damage variation and stand characteristics were investigated through a survey in April 2005. On average 2.4% of the main stems showed recent damage (i.e. from the preceding winter) and 29.4% of the main stems had previous damage (from before preceding winter). The variation of damage within stands was negatively correlated with damage level. Compared to damage level, damage variation showed inversely correlations to several stand characteristics. These relationships were interpreted as an interaction mainly between the unique characteristics of a stand and moose browsing pattern. Such interactions determine the damage level, which in turn determines the predominant level of damage variation. The risk of a pine to be browsed, if its neighbour is browsed, is significantly higher than what expected from random browsing. That risk decreased linearly with increasing distance to the browsed pine. The patterns revealed are discussed in terms of how to decrease the share of damaged main stems in future stands and how to improve surveys and predictions of damage levels in young pine stands. I studien undersöktes variationen av stamskador på tall (Pinus sylvestris) vilka orsakats av älgens (Alces alces) vinterbete i 0,5-3 m höga ungskogsbestånd. Genom provytor studerades beståndsegenskaper, skadenivåer och skadors variation inom 25 ungskogsbestånd. Dessutom undersöktes skaderiskerna på slumpmässigt valda tallar och deras närmsta tallgranne. I genomsnitt hade 2,4 % av huvudstammarna skador som uppkommit under den senaste vintern (färska skador) och 29,4 % av huvudstammarna hade skador som uppkommit vid tidigare tillfälle (äldre skador). Studien visar också att det beräkningssätt som används för att bestämma skadenivå har stor betydelse för utfallet. Skadornas variation inom bestånden var signifikant negativt korrelerade med skadenivån, d.v.s. ju mera skador desto jämnare var skadorna fördelade över bestånden. Enligt teorier om växt - växtätarsamspel är det en interaktion mellan älgens beteende och miljöns egenskaper som bestämmer älgens betesmönster. I den här studien kartlades beståndens egenskaper för att få en uppfattning om denna interaktion. De speciella egenskaper som varje bestånd har antas påverka skadenivån, vilken i sin tur i hög grad tycks styra variationen på skadorna. De beståndsegenskaper som gav tydligast uttryck för detta var trädhöjd och täthet av begärligare lövträd än björk, vilka båda hade en signifikant positiv korrelation med variationen på de äldre skadornas fördelning inom bestånden. När en tall är granne till en betad tall ökas risken signifikant att den också skall vara betad, om man jämför med risken hos en slumpmässigt vald tall. Enligt den här studien ökar denna risken linjärt med närheten till den betade tallgrannen, sett över en säsong av vinterbete. Skadenivån var den faktor som till största delen påverkade skadornas variation. Kunskapen om det sambandet kan användas i framtida arbete för att angripa problem med älgskador på tall. Uppsatsens resultat diskuteras med avseende på, dels utvecklingen av inventeringsmetoder och prognoser för skador, dels om man med skötselmetoder kan minska andelen skadade huvudstammar i bestånd. SLU/Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies 2008 L3 eng swe https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12249/ |
| spellingShingle | forest damage moose Scots pine spatial variation thinning Olsson, Markus Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title | Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title_full | Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title_fullStr | Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title_short | Variation of moose (Alces alces) damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| title_sort | variation of moose (alces alces) damage to scots pine (pinus sylvestris) in young forest stands |
| topic | forest damage moose Scots pine spatial variation thinning |