Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark
Unwanted vegetation on the land of electric transforming stations is a problem, in the sense that it contributes to higher fire risks and also constitutes an obstacle for people performing maintenance operations at the station. Such unwanted vegetation is controlled using herbicides and mechanical m...
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Otro |
| Lenguaje: | sueco sueco |
| Publicado: |
2006
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11888/ |
| _version_ | 1855571960535187456 |
|---|---|
| author | Johansson, Jenny |
| author_browse | Johansson, Jenny |
| author_facet | Johansson, Jenny |
| author_sort | Johansson, Jenny |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Unwanted vegetation on the land of electric transforming stations is a problem, in the sense that it contributes to higher fire risks and also constitutes an obstacle for people performing maintenance operations at the station. Such unwanted vegetation is controlled using herbicides and mechanical measures. Since the use of herbicides implies environmental hazards, there is a need to find alternative ways of fighting the unwanted vegetation.
Investigation into suitable plants for ground cover, trials in the greenhouse, trials in the field, soil analyses and compilation of experiences from similar trials are parts of this work. The paper also contains analyses of possible environmental benefits and economical gains. There is also a final discussion of some proposals regarding alternative weed controlling methods. The work was performed using studies of literature, growing trials and consultation with people at different University Departments and companies dealing with plants.
The field trial was performed at Bäcklösa electric transforming station, Uppsala. Sampling of the ground material (soil) was performed for analyses of plant nutrient content, pH, and particle size distribution. In addition to the investigation at Bäcklösa, also the soils of three other transforming stations were analysed for particle size distribution. Those stations were: Bredåker, Rasbo and Vaksala.
There were six species or species mixes, grown with and without peat, in the greenhouse trial, using material from the Bäcklösa station. The peat that was mixed into the material was limed and fertilized, and the addition equaled 1% by weight. Each treatment was repeated four times. Based on the results in the greenhouse, some plant choices in the field trial were modified by selecting species that seemed most promising. The plant development in the greenhouse and in the field trial were monitored regarding germination, degree of ground cover and length. At the end of the growing season the biomass of the plants were measured.
The results of the analyses showed that the material at Bäcklösa is very nutrient poor and the pH is high. The material from all transforming stations was dominated by the coarse fractions of gravel and sand. Bäcklösa's material was the next most coarse one of all.
In both trials it was shown that the nitrogen fixing species had the best germination and gave the best ground cover. Above all Medicago lupulina and the white clover variety Trifolium repens Undrom were outstanding. The trials illustrate the necessity to improve the nutrient poor and coarse material, and using peat is one possibility. The explanation, nearest at hand, is that the peat stores and contributes moisture and nutrients to the plants. The plant species that produce the highest amounts of biomass were Medicago lupulina and Trifolium repens Undrom.
It should be pointed out that this investigation has covered only one growing season and the field trial was perfomed at only one place. The development of the plants in the long run is not known. Consequently, follow up studies are desirable, and those studies should also include various ground materials, representing other transforming stations.
An established area with cover plants will most probably need some management each
coming year. The management may become less demanding in comparison with the current
situation on most land of electric transforming stations. Further studies are needed in order to find out how much management a cover vegetation on such stations needs. It is possible that a selected ground cover vegetation may hinder unwanted vegetation and lead to reduced environmental threat and a more appealing appearance of the site. It may also lead to lower maintenance costs in the long run. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU11888 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish swe |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU118882017-10-13T06:27:49Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11888/ Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark Johansson, Jenny Dept. of Soil Sciences Soil cultivation Unwanted vegetation on the land of electric transforming stations is a problem, in the sense that it contributes to higher fire risks and also constitutes an obstacle for people performing maintenance operations at the station. Such unwanted vegetation is controlled using herbicides and mechanical measures. Since the use of herbicides implies environmental hazards, there is a need to find alternative ways of fighting the unwanted vegetation. Investigation into suitable plants for ground cover, trials in the greenhouse, trials in the field, soil analyses and compilation of experiences from similar trials are parts of this work. The paper also contains analyses of possible environmental benefits and economical gains. There is also a final discussion of some proposals regarding alternative weed controlling methods. The work was performed using studies of literature, growing trials and consultation with people at different University Departments and companies dealing with plants. The field trial was performed at Bäcklösa electric transforming station, Uppsala. Sampling of the ground material (soil) was performed for analyses of plant nutrient content, pH, and particle size distribution. In addition to the investigation at Bäcklösa, also the soils of three other transforming stations were analysed for particle size distribution. Those stations were: Bredåker, Rasbo and Vaksala. There were six species or species mixes, grown with and without peat, in the greenhouse trial, using material from the Bäcklösa station. The peat that was mixed into the material was limed and fertilized, and the addition equaled 1% by weight. Each treatment was repeated four times. Based on the results in the greenhouse, some plant choices in the field trial were modified by selecting species that seemed most promising. The plant development in the greenhouse and in the field trial were monitored regarding germination, degree of ground cover and length. At the end of the growing season the biomass of the plants were measured. The results of the analyses showed that the material at Bäcklösa is very nutrient poor and the pH is high. The material from all transforming stations was dominated by the coarse fractions of gravel and sand. Bäcklösa's material was the next most coarse one of all. In both trials it was shown that the nitrogen fixing species had the best germination and gave the best ground cover. Above all Medicago lupulina and the white clover variety Trifolium repens Undrom were outstanding. The trials illustrate the necessity to improve the nutrient poor and coarse material, and using peat is one possibility. The explanation, nearest at hand, is that the peat stores and contributes moisture and nutrients to the plants. The plant species that produce the highest amounts of biomass were Medicago lupulina and Trifolium repens Undrom. It should be pointed out that this investigation has covered only one growing season and the field trial was perfomed at only one place. The development of the plants in the long run is not known. Consequently, follow up studies are desirable, and those studies should also include various ground materials, representing other transforming stations. An established area with cover plants will most probably need some management each coming year. The management may become less demanding in comparison with the current situation on most land of electric transforming stations. Further studies are needed in order to find out how much management a cover vegetation on such stations needs. It is possible that a selected ground cover vegetation may hinder unwanted vegetation and lead to reduced environmental threat and a more appealing appearance of the site. It may also lead to lower maintenance costs in the long run. Icke önskvärd vegetation på ställverksmark är ett problem därför att den innebär ökad brandrisk och att tekniska underhållsarbeten på ställverket försvåras. Denna vegetation kontrolleras till största delen genom besprutning med herbicider och i mindre utsträckning med mekanisk bekämpning. Eftersom användningen av herbicider innebär miljörisker, finns det ett behov av alternativ för att bekämpa den icke önskvärda vegetationen. I denna undersökning studeras huruvida en marktäckande gröda kan tänkas utgöra ett sådant alternativ. Arbetet har innefattat flera delmoment såsom utredning av lämpliga marktäckande växter, odlingsförsök i växthus och i fält, jordanalys och sammanställning av erfarenheter av liknande försök. Arbetet innehåller även en analys av metodens tänkbara miljövinster och ekonomiska vinster. Avslutningsvis diskuteras några förslag på alternativa ogräshämmande metoder. Arbetet har genomförts med hjälp av litteraturstudier, försöksodlingar och kontakt med personer vid olika institutioner och företag. Odlingsförsöken genomfördes på Bäcklösa ställverks jord i Uppsala. Provtagningar utfördes för att bestämma jordens näringsinnehåll, pH och kornstorleksfördelning. Förutom Bäcklösa ställverk bestämdes även kornstorleksfördelningen på tre andra ställverk i Uppsalaområdet; Bredåker, Rasbo och Vaksala. Sex arter och artblandningar drevs upp i växthus på jord med och utan torvinblandning i materialet från Bäcklösa. Varje försöksled upprepades fyra gånger. Kalkad gödslad torv blandades in till 1 % på viktsbasis. Baserat på resultat i växthuset modifierades försöksleden i fältförsöket genom att välja de arter och artkombinationer som lyckats bäst. Under odlingstiden i växthus och utomhus gjordes uppföljningar av grobarhet, täckningsgrad och längd. Vid växtsäsongens slut mättes växternas produktion av biomassa. Provresultaten visade att Bäcklösas jord är mycket näringsfattig och pH-värdena är höga. De ligger på den alkaliska sidan. Samtliga fyra ställverk hade grova kornstorlekar, där merparten består av grus och sand. Bäcklösa ställverks jord hade de näst grövsta kornstorlekarna av dem alla. I försöket visade det sig att de kvävefixerande växterna gav bäst gronings- och täckningsresultat. Framförallt var det humlelusern och vitklöversorten ”Undrom” som gav bra resultat. Försöken visar att på denna typ av näringsfattig och väldränerad mark behövs någon form av jordförbättring vid anläggningen. Det ligger nära till hands att anta att torven lagrar och bidrar med vatten och näring till växterna. De grödor som producerat mest biomassa under säsongen var humlelusern och vitklöversorten Undrom. Osäkerhetsfaktorer i detta försök är att försöksodlingarna bedrevs under endast en säsong och på endast en lokal. En yta med marktäckande växter kommer sannolikt att innebära ett behov av en viss skötsel i framtiden. Skötseln kan komma att minska jämfört med de skötselåtgärder som utförs idag. Det behövs vidare studier för att undersöka hur mycket skötsel en marktäckt växtyta kräver. En marktäckande gröda skulle bidra till att förhindra uppkomst av oönskad vegetation, att minska skötselkostnad på lång sikt, minskad miljöbelastning och ett vackert utseende. 2006-05-18 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11888/1/johansson_j_171013.pdf Johansson, Jenny, 2006. Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark : en biologisk bekämpningsmetod mot ogräs. UNSPECIFIED, Uppsala. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Soil Sciences <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/4023.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-7786 swe |
| spellingShingle | Dept. of Soil Sciences Soil cultivation Johansson, Jenny Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title | Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title_full | Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title_fullStr | Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title_short | Marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| title_sort | marktäckande, lågväxt vegetation på ställverksmark |
| topic | Dept. of Soil Sciences Soil cultivation |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11888/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11888/ |