Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru
All over the world the waste from human society is causing problems. In developing countries, large cities are polluted through huge amounts of wastes and people are forced to live very close to open deposits. Lima, capital of Peru, is no exception. The countryside in Peru has also a great challenge...
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| Format: | Otro |
| Language: | Swedish Swedish |
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2008
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| Online Access: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11785/ |
| _version_ | 1855571938929278976 |
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| author | Larsson, Emma |
| author_browse | Larsson, Emma |
| author_facet | Larsson, Emma |
| author_sort | Larsson, Emma |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | All over the world the waste from human society is causing problems. In developing countries, large cities are polluted through huge amounts of wastes and people are forced to live very close to open deposits. Lima, capital of Peru, is no exception. The countryside in Peru has also a great challenge to face concerning the waste issue. Children and adults suffer from infectious diseases and contamination of the nature occurs as well.
One solution to handle organic waste is to compost, which means a controlled decomposition
of organic waste under aerobic conditions at certain temperatures. Composting at household
level is a cheap method and relatively simple to implement and manage. The end product is a valuable soil conditioner and fertilizer and could easily improve the growth in kitchen
gardens.
The main aim with my thesis is to show that composting is a suitable method to treat organic waste and that the method is able to solve problems related to the handling of human waste in Chazuta, a jungle village sited close to a tributary river of the Amazon River.
The thesis includes one literature study but focus is put on a practical investigation study. The investigation has 4 parts: 1) interviews with villagers; 2) waste inventory; 3) composting of organic waste; and 4) growth test with tomato in different substrates.
During the inventory waste where collected from 16 households during 10 days. The waste
where classified into 6 groups, each group where weighed. Chemical analyses where done on
the fresh material. Four composts were constructed of which two contained wood ash.
Temperature and pH where measured during the process, visual estimations where done as
well. At the end further chemical analyses where made with the end product. The Solvita test where used to check the maturity index at the end of the process. A growth test where done with a local tomato species to check the suitability of the compost substrate as growing media. The substrate where also compared with just soil and soil mixed with guano from the Peruvian coast.
The results showed that the seedlings of tomato grew faster and developed more fruits and
flowers in the substrates with compost material than the other plants. I consider the compost material have most importance as a soil improver. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU11785 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish swe |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU117852017-10-17T09:58:52Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11785/ Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru Larsson, Emma Dept. of Soil and Environment Soil cultivation All over the world the waste from human society is causing problems. In developing countries, large cities are polluted through huge amounts of wastes and people are forced to live very close to open deposits. Lima, capital of Peru, is no exception. The countryside in Peru has also a great challenge to face concerning the waste issue. Children and adults suffer from infectious diseases and contamination of the nature occurs as well. One solution to handle organic waste is to compost, which means a controlled decomposition of organic waste under aerobic conditions at certain temperatures. Composting at household level is a cheap method and relatively simple to implement and manage. The end product is a valuable soil conditioner and fertilizer and could easily improve the growth in kitchen gardens. The main aim with my thesis is to show that composting is a suitable method to treat organic waste and that the method is able to solve problems related to the handling of human waste in Chazuta, a jungle village sited close to a tributary river of the Amazon River. The thesis includes one literature study but focus is put on a practical investigation study. The investigation has 4 parts: 1) interviews with villagers; 2) waste inventory; 3) composting of organic waste; and 4) growth test with tomato in different substrates. During the inventory waste where collected from 16 households during 10 days. The waste where classified into 6 groups, each group where weighed. Chemical analyses where done on the fresh material. Four composts were constructed of which two contained wood ash. Temperature and pH where measured during the process, visual estimations where done as well. At the end further chemical analyses where made with the end product. The Solvita test where used to check the maturity index at the end of the process. A growth test where done with a local tomato species to check the suitability of the compost substrate as growing media. The substrate where also compared with just soil and soil mixed with guano from the Peruvian coast. The results showed that the seedlings of tomato grew faster and developed more fruits and flowers in the substrates with compost material than the other plants. I consider the compost material have most importance as a soil improver. Runt om i världen är avfall från samhället ett problem. Stora städer i utvecklingsländer förorenas av stora mängder sopor och människor är tvungna att leva mycket nära öppna deponier. Lima, Perus huvudstad, är inget undantag. Perus landsbygd står också inför en stor utmaning för att få bukt med avfallsfrågan. Främst barn men även vuxna drabbas av infektionssjukdomar och naturen förorenas. Kompostering är ett alternativ för att lösa hanteringen av organiskt avfall. Att kompostera på hushållsnivå är en billig metod och relativt enkel att införa och hålla igång. Färdigkomposterat material är användbart som jordförbättrare och gödselmedel kan förbättra produktionen i köksträdgården, då kompostering sker på hushållsnivå. Att kompostera betyder att man låter organiskt avfall brytas ned inom ett visst temperaturintervall och under kontrollerade former. Syftet med mitt examensarbete är att visa att kompostering är en lämplig metod för att hantera organiskt avfall och att metoden kan lösa ett avfallsproblem i byn Chazuta, i Perus höglandsdjungel. Arbetet innehåller en litteraturstudie men fokus ligger på en praktisk försöksstudie. Denna studie innehåller 4 etapper; intervjuer med bybor, inventering av avfall, kompostering av organiskt avfall samt ett odlingsförsök med substrat bestående av kompost, jord, och jord blandad med fågelspillning. Under inventeringen samlades avfall in från 16 hushåll under 10 dagar. Detta sorterades och vägdes. Kemiska analyser gjordes på färskt organiskt avfall. Kompostering skedde i 4 komposter varav 2 innehöll brännaska. Under försökets gång mättes pH och temperatur. Materialet bedömdes visuellt och kemiska analyser utfördes på färdigkomposterat material. Solvitatest utfördes i två omgångar i slutet av komposteringen. Odlingsförsöket bestod i att testodla en lokal tomatsort i olika blandningar av kompostsubstrat. Dessa resultat jämfördes med tomat odlad i vanlig jord samt jord blandad med Guano de Isla (fågelspillning från Perus kust). Resultatet visade att tomatplantorna växte snabbare och utvecklade fler frukter och blommor då de växte i kompostsubstrat. Kompostmaterialet antas främst spela en stor roll som jordförbättrare. 2008-10-06 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11785/1/larsson_e_171017.pdf Larsson, Emma, 2008. Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru : jordförbättring och/eller lösning på ett avfallsproblem?. UNSPECIFIED, Uppsala. Uppsala: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Soil Sciences <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/4023.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-7904 swe |
| spellingShingle | Dept. of Soil and Environment Soil cultivation Larsson, Emma Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title | Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title_full | Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title_fullStr | Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title_short | Kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i Chazuta, Peru |
| title_sort | kompostering av köksavfall och användning av kompost i köksträdgård i chazuta, peru |
| topic | Dept. of Soil and Environment Soil cultivation |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11785/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11785/ |