Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique
Voluntary intake and digestibility of forages are characteristics that affect the animal's performance (Mertens, 1994). Today there are several techniques that can be used for studying forage quality and from where the results can be correlated to feed intake and animal performance. The main fact...
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| Formato: | Otro |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2008
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| Acceso en línea: | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11781/ |
| _version_ | 1855571938019115008 |
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| author | Niva, Katarina |
| author_browse | Niva, Katarina |
| author_facet | Niva, Katarina |
| author_sort | Niva, Katarina |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | Voluntary intake and digestibility of forages are characteristics that affect the
animal's performance (Mertens, 1994). Today there are several techniques that can
be used for studying forage quality and from where the results can be correlated to
feed intake and animal performance. The main factor that affects dry matter intake
(DMI) is the energy requirement, which on the other hand is affected by
environmental temperature, physical activity of the animal and the production level
(Faverdin et al., 1995). Forage intake is mainly restricted by low digestibility,
where the content of the cell wall constituents have the greatest impact on
digestibility (e.g. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Mould, 2003).
The gas production (GP) technique is an in vitro method that is a simple, relatively
quick and inexpensive. In this method feed samples are incubated in buffered
rumen fluid and the gas that is produced due to fermentation is recorded. The GP
gives information on forage digestibility and rumen fermentation pattern
(Getachew et al, 1997). Several authors have found high correlations between in
vitro GP studies and DMI of forages (e.g. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Hetta et al.,
2007). In the original method, the incubation time for GP analyses is 24 h (Menke
et al. 1979), but today it is more common with incubation times between 24 h up to
96 h. The analytical capacity of the technique is affected by incubation time, as a
smaller number of experiments can be conducted per time unit (week) in the
laboratory. Studies on high quality forages have shown that 90 % of the gas that is
produced during the incubation is produced within the first 24 hours (Hetta et al.,
2003) and also that after 15 to 20 h of incubation, the GP decreases although it
doesn't stop (Cone et al., 1998).
Fifteen ensilage samples with known silage dry matter intake (SDMI) and
chemical composition were analyzed with the gas production technique (Cone et
al., 1996). Feed samples that have been analysed in this study are the same as the
ones that were studied by Hetta et al. (2007). The aim of this study was to evaluate
the consequences of reducing the length of incubation time from 72 h to 24 h for
studies of high quality forages, utilizing the GP technique. Results from this study,
with 24 h incubation, were compared to the results from the research by Hetta et al.
(2007) where the incubation time was 72 h. A special focus in this study was put
on the effects on reproducibility of the measurements, correlations with other feed
parameters and silage intake of the forages. The results show that there is a great
potential for improving the analytical capacity of the technique, by reducing the
length of incubation from 72 to 24 h for studies on high quality forages. This study
has shown that 24 h incubation gives informative results with high reproducibility
of the measurements, clear relationships and high correlations between different
parameters and feed intake, and also reliable models for prediction of silage intake
with high values of the coefficient of determination. |
| format | Otro |
| id | RepoSLU11781 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | Swedish Inglés |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU117812017-10-17T10:15:01Z https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11781/ Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique Niva, Katarina Dept. of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden Animal feeding Voluntary intake and digestibility of forages are characteristics that affect the animal's performance (Mertens, 1994). Today there are several techniques that can be used for studying forage quality and from where the results can be correlated to feed intake and animal performance. The main factor that affects dry matter intake (DMI) is the energy requirement, which on the other hand is affected by environmental temperature, physical activity of the animal and the production level (Faverdin et al., 1995). Forage intake is mainly restricted by low digestibility, where the content of the cell wall constituents have the greatest impact on digestibility (e.g. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Mould, 2003). The gas production (GP) technique is an in vitro method that is a simple, relatively quick and inexpensive. In this method feed samples are incubated in buffered rumen fluid and the gas that is produced due to fermentation is recorded. The GP gives information on forage digestibility and rumen fermentation pattern (Getachew et al, 1997). Several authors have found high correlations between in vitro GP studies and DMI of forages (e.g. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Hetta et al., 2007). In the original method, the incubation time for GP analyses is 24 h (Menke et al. 1979), but today it is more common with incubation times between 24 h up to 96 h. The analytical capacity of the technique is affected by incubation time, as a smaller number of experiments can be conducted per time unit (week) in the laboratory. Studies on high quality forages have shown that 90 % of the gas that is produced during the incubation is produced within the first 24 hours (Hetta et al., 2003) and also that after 15 to 20 h of incubation, the GP decreases although it doesn't stop (Cone et al., 1998). Fifteen ensilage samples with known silage dry matter intake (SDMI) and chemical composition were analyzed with the gas production technique (Cone et al., 1996). Feed samples that have been analysed in this study are the same as the ones that were studied by Hetta et al. (2007). The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of reducing the length of incubation time from 72 h to 24 h for studies of high quality forages, utilizing the GP technique. Results from this study, with 24 h incubation, were compared to the results from the research by Hetta et al. (2007) where the incubation time was 72 h. A special focus in this study was put on the effects on reproducibility of the measurements, correlations with other feed parameters and silage intake of the forages. The results show that there is a great potential for improving the analytical capacity of the technique, by reducing the length of incubation from 72 to 24 h for studies on high quality forages. This study has shown that 24 h incubation gives informative results with high reproducibility of the measurements, clear relationships and high correlations between different parameters and feed intake, and also reliable models for prediction of silage intake with high values of the coefficient of determination. Frivillig foderkonsumtion och smältbarhet av grovfoder är egenskaper påverkar djurets produktion (Mertens, 1994). Idag finns det flera olika tekniker som kan användas för att studera grovfoderkvalitet och från vilka resultaten korreleras till foderkonsumtion och produktion. Den faktor som har störst påverkan för djurets konsumtion av torrsubstans foder är energibehovet, vilken å andra sidan påverkas av omgivningens temperatur, fysisk aktivitet samt produktionsnivå hos djuret (Faverdin et al., 1995). Grovfoderkonsumtionen påverkas i huvudsak av låg smältbarhet, där cellväggsdelarna har störst påverkan på smältbarheten (t.ex. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Mould, 2003). Gasproduktionstekniken är en in vitro metod som är enkel, relativt snabb och billig. I denna metod inkuberas foderprover i buffrad våmvätska och gasen som produceras till följe av fermentation registreras. Gasproduktionen ger information om grovfodrets smältbarhet och dess nedbrytningsmönster (Getachew et al, 1997). Ett flertal forskare har funnit starka samband mellan in vitro gasproduktion och konsumtion av grovfoder (e.g. Blummel & Becker, 1997; Hetta et al., 2007). I orginalmetoden från 1979, är inkubationstiden för gasproduktionanalyser 24 timmar (Menke et al. 1979), men idag är det mer vanligt med inkubationstider mellan 24-96 timmar. Den analytiska kapaciteten för tekniken påverkas till stor del av hur lång inkubationstiden är, eftersom detta påverkar antalet analyser som kan göras per vecka. Studier på högkvalitativa grovfoder har visat att 90 % av gasen som produceras under en inkubation produceras under de första 24 timmarna (Hetta et al. 2003), samt även att efter 15 till 20 timmars inkubation så kommer gasproduktionen att sjunka, även om den inte stannar helt (Cone et al., 1998). Femton ensilageprov med känd ensilagekonsumtion och kemisk sammansättning analyserades med gasproduktionstekniken (Cone et al., 1996). De analyserade foderproven är desamma som analyserades av Hetta et al. (2007). Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera konsekvenserna med att korta ner inkubationstiden från 72 timmar till 24 timmar, för studier på högkvalitativa grovfoder med gasproduktionstekniken. Resultaten från denna studie med en inkubationstid på 24 timmar, har jämförts med studien som gjordes av Hetta et al (2007) där inkubationstiden var 72 timmar. Speciellt fokus i denna studie sattes på effekterna på reproducerbarheten mellan mätningar, korrelationer mellan foderparametrar och konsumtion av ensilage. Resultaten visar att det finns stor potential med att sänka inkubationstiden från 72 timmar till 24 timmar för studier på högkvalitativa grovfoder. Denna studie har också visat att 24 timmars inkubation ger resultat med hög reproducerbarhet mellan mätningar, tydliga samband och klara korrelationer mellan olika parametrar och foderkonsumtion, samt även tillförlitliga modeller som kan användas för att förutse konsumtionen av ensilage. 2008-07-29 Other NonPeerReviewed application/pdf sv https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11781/1/niva_k_171017.pdf Niva, Katarina, 2008. Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique. UNSPECIFIED, Umeå. Umeå: (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden <https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/OID-540.html> urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-s-7908 eng |
| spellingShingle | Dept. of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden Animal feeding Niva, Katarina Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title | Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title_full | Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title_fullStr | Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title_short | Improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| title_sort | improved analytical capacity for determination of forage quality, utilising the gas production technique |
| topic | Dept. of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden Animal feeding |
| url | https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11781/ https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11781/ |