Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne
In Europe poplar plantations has been planted for more than one hundred years. In the first plantation was made in 1940. The interest for poplars has since then shifted over the years and has for long periods been very low but is now slowly increasing again. The main reasons why poplars are becoming...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre
2008
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571872889962496 |
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| author | Jonsson, Viktor |
| author_browse | Jonsson, Viktor |
| author_facet | Jonsson, Viktor |
| author_sort | Jonsson, Viktor |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | In Europe poplar plantations has been planted for more than one hundred years. In the first plantation was made in 1940. The interest for poplars has since then shifted over the years and has for long periods been very low but is now slowly increasing again. The main reasons why poplars are becoming more interesting are because of their great production potential. Nevertheless, the knowledge of how to mange poplars in Sweden are very low and very little research has been done concerning management of the species.
The objective for this study was to; 1) investigate and document experience and results obtained in practical Swedish forestry, 2) to give a fair picture of the perceived advantages and disadvantages that the poplars has for the forestry, 3) document what the foresters that has experience and those who has no experience of poplar plantations thinks about the potential of poplars. Together this will hopefully make a rather complete picture of what is known of poplar silviculture in Sweden today.
O.P 42 (P. maximowiczii x P. trichocarpa) is today the only poplar clone used in a large scale in Swedish forestry. The result from the field inventory shows that poplar plantation can have a higher survival than 90 % after one growing season, both with and without fencing against deer's and mouse. In Sweden three different seedlings types of poplars have been tested: 1-year rooted cuttings, un-rooted cuttings and half years rooted cuttings in pot plants. Root- and stump shoots regenerations has produced more than 15 000 stems/ha three years after the regenerations felling. Browsing animals have shown little interest of feeding of leafs and branches from poplars.
Over a sixteen years long rotation period five poplar stands (O.P 42) showed a mean annual production of 20,5 – 38,5 m3/ha. Other clones in test plantations have a mean annual production of 11,2 – 37,0 m3/ha. The mean annual growth over the six years since the first thinning in four O.P 42 stands have been 30,1 – 39,8 m3/ha/year.
In some cases poplar stands have been subject to storm felling but in other cases it withstands wind so experiences do not show a clear picture.
The interviewed foresters with experience of poplars were all positive to plant more poplars in the future. The main reason for the foresters to establish poplar plantations where that poplar gives an economic income on a time span that for forestry is very short. Today the goal is the same and the foresters are encouraged by the results that they have seen so far.
The recommendations by the interviewed forester about the silviculture of poplar are that the species should be planted on rich soils, with god supply of water without being too wet. The initial spacing should be 2 – 3 meters and the stand should be thinned 0 – 2 times in a rotations period of 15 – 25 years. The rotation length depends on which spacing you starts with and how many thinnings that are planned.
The demand of poplar timber has not been high on the timber market but pulpwood has always been an alternative. Sveaskog and Södra skogsägarna are less positive to poplar but agrees that there is a general interest to test new fast growing species like poplars. A small genetic variation, insufficient knowledge, a small timber market and low cultivation security are seen as negative factors for an introduction of poplars. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU11435 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| publisherStr | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU114352017-10-05T09:37:40Z Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne Silvicultural experiences of Poplar Populus sp. in the Swedish province of Skåne Jonsson, Viktor poppel Skåne tillväxt O.P 42 Populus maximowiczii Populus trichocarpa balsampopplar In Europe poplar plantations has been planted for more than one hundred years. In the first plantation was made in 1940. The interest for poplars has since then shifted over the years and has for long periods been very low but is now slowly increasing again. The main reasons why poplars are becoming more interesting are because of their great production potential. Nevertheless, the knowledge of how to mange poplars in Sweden are very low and very little research has been done concerning management of the species. The objective for this study was to; 1) investigate and document experience and results obtained in practical Swedish forestry, 2) to give a fair picture of the perceived advantages and disadvantages that the poplars has for the forestry, 3) document what the foresters that has experience and those who has no experience of poplar plantations thinks about the potential of poplars. Together this will hopefully make a rather complete picture of what is known of poplar silviculture in Sweden today. O.P 42 (P. maximowiczii x P. trichocarpa) is today the only poplar clone used in a large scale in Swedish forestry. The result from the field inventory shows that poplar plantation can have a higher survival than 90 % after one growing season, both with and without fencing against deer's and mouse. In Sweden three different seedlings types of poplars have been tested: 1-year rooted cuttings, un-rooted cuttings and half years rooted cuttings in pot plants. Root- and stump shoots regenerations has produced more than 15 000 stems/ha three years after the regenerations felling. Browsing animals have shown little interest of feeding of leafs and branches from poplars. Over a sixteen years long rotation period five poplar stands (O.P 42) showed a mean annual production of 20,5 – 38,5 m3/ha. Other clones in test plantations have a mean annual production of 11,2 – 37,0 m3/ha. The mean annual growth over the six years since the first thinning in four O.P 42 stands have been 30,1 – 39,8 m3/ha/year. In some cases poplar stands have been subject to storm felling but in other cases it withstands wind so experiences do not show a clear picture. The interviewed foresters with experience of poplars were all positive to plant more poplars in the future. The main reason for the foresters to establish poplar plantations where that poplar gives an economic income on a time span that for forestry is very short. Today the goal is the same and the foresters are encouraged by the results that they have seen so far. The recommendations by the interviewed forester about the silviculture of poplar are that the species should be planted on rich soils, with god supply of water without being too wet. The initial spacing should be 2 – 3 meters and the stand should be thinned 0 – 2 times in a rotations period of 15 – 25 years. The rotation length depends on which spacing you starts with and how many thinnings that are planned. The demand of poplar timber has not been high on the timber market but pulpwood has always been an alternative. Sveaskog and Södra skogsägarna are less positive to poplar but agrees that there is a general interest to test new fast growing species like poplars. A small genetic variation, insufficient knowledge, a small timber market and low cultivation security are seen as negative factors for an introduction of poplars. I Europa har poppel planterats i plantager i över hundra år, i Sverige började poppel uppmärksammas på 1940-talet men sedan dess har vi i liten utsträckning använt oss av poppel. Intresset för poppel har under perioder varit mycket lågt i Sverige men sedan några år tillbaka är den återupptäckt, främst är det poppelns stora produktionspotential som har dragit till sig intresset. Kunskaperna är dock ringa om poppel i Sverige och lite forskning har gjorts inom området. Arbetet har till syfte att: 1) kartlägga och dokumentera vilka resultat/erfarenheter som finns i Sverige idag i fråga om poppelskogsburk, 2) inventera vilka för och nackdelar som finns med poppel, 3) dokumentera vad de skogsbrukare som planterat poppel har för erfarenheter och hur skogsbruket i allmänhet ser på poppel. Sammanlagt ska detta ge en samlad bild av kunskaper och erfarenheter om poppel som skogsträd i Sverige. I svenskt skogsbruk används idag endast klonen O.P 42 (P. maximowiczii x P. trichocarpa). Resultatet från fältinventeringen visar att poppelplanteringar kan ha en överlevnad större än 90 % med eller utan hägn efter en växtsäsong. Det har i Sverige testats tre olika planttyper av poppel: 1-åriga rotade sticklingar, orotade sticklingar, samt halvåriga täckrotssticklingar. Rotoch stubbskottsföryngring har visat sig ge upp till 15 000 skott/ha tre år efter avverkning av det gamla beståndet. Vilt verkar inte vara någon större skadegörare på poppel. Över en sextonårig omloppstid har O.P 42 klonen årligen producerat i medeltal 20,5 – 38,5 m3sk/ha i fem olika bestånd. Andra kloner i testplanteringar har gett en medelproduktion på 11,2 – 37,0 m3sk/ha. Medeltillväxt över sex växtsäsonger har också uppmäts till 30,1 – 39,8 m3sk/ha/ för O.P 42 sedan första gallringen. Samtliga skogsförvaltare som har intervjuats om sina erfarenheter av poppel är positiva till att plantera mer poppel i framtiden. Den enda anledningen att samtliga skogsförvaltare planterade poppel en gång i tiden var att de såg det som en möjlighet till en god ekonomisk avkastning inom skogsbruket på kort sikt. Målet är detsamma idag och de resultat skogsförvaltarna har fått har stärkt deras inställning till poppel. Rekommendationerna som ges från skogsförvaltarna är att poppel ska planteras på näringsrika marker med god vattentillgång, utan att för den skull vara blöta. Planteringsförbandet ska vara 2 – 3 meter och gallras 0 – 2 gånger över en omloppstid på 15 – 25 år beroende om gallring/gallringar utförs. Virkesmarknaden anses dock trög, men poppel har ändå kunnat säljas som massaved och energived. Sveaskog och Södra skogsägarna är mindre positiva till poppel men anser att det finns ett intresse att testa snabbväxande träd som poppel. Liten genetisk bredd, dåliga kunskaper, liten marknad för virket och osäker odlingssäkerhet ses som negativa faktorer för poppel. SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre 2008 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11435/ |
| spellingShingle | poppel Skåne tillväxt O.P 42 Populus maximowiczii Populus trichocarpa balsampopplar Jonsson, Viktor Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title | Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title_full | Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title_fullStr | Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title_full_unstemmed | Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title_short | Skogsbrukets erfarenheter av Poppel Populus sp. i Skåne |
| title_sort | skogsbrukets erfarenheter av poppel populus sp. i skåne |
| topic | poppel Skåne tillväxt O.P 42 Populus maximowiczii Populus trichocarpa balsampopplar |