Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike
The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the prescription of antibiotics to dogs at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France. The purpose was also to compare the possible prescription patterns in France with those seen in a similar study by Petersson (...
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| Format: | L3 |
| Language: | Swedish Inglés |
| Published: |
SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231)
2007
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| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1855571851690901504 |
|---|---|
| author | Nilsson, Oskar |
| author_browse | Nilsson, Oskar |
| author_facet | Nilsson, Oskar |
| author_sort | Nilsson, Oskar |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the prescription of antibiotics to dogs at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France. The purpose was also to compare the possible prescription patterns in France with those seen in a similar study by Petersson (2003) at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
Antibiotics are very important in veterinary medicine and are used both to treat infections and to prevent them. The use of antibiotics however is not without complications and the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance is of most concern. Resistance has been shown to exist against all currently known antibiotics and potentially all pathogenic bacteria could develop resistance to one or more antibiotics.
This study analysed the case records for all dogs presented to the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France during October 2001 and March 2002 to identify patients which were treated with systemic antibiotics. For these cases the antibiotic used, classified according to the ATCvet system, and the indication for use was noted.
A total of 292 cases (146 per month) resulted in administration of systemic antibiotics. Substances from seven ATCvet groups and a product containing a combination of metronidazole and spiramycin were prescribed during October 2001. During March 2002 antibiotics from only five ATCvet groups and again the combination of metronidazole and spiramycin were prescribed. During both October 2001 and March 2002 β-lactams accounted for about three quarters of all antibiotics prescribed, which is roughly the same as in the Swedish study (Peterson, 2003). The relative proportions of aminopenicillins and cefalosporins were equivocal during October 2001 and March 2002. The proportion of β-lactam antibiotics containing amoxicillin potentiated with clavulanic acid was one-seventh during October 2001 and one fifth during March 2002. The main reason given for administering β-lactam antibiotics was for prophylactic use, primarily peri- and post-operatively. Cefalosporins were also commonly used for problems in cutis or subcutis .
Apart from β-lactam antibiotics the combination metronidazole and spiramycin was the antibiotic prescribed most frequently. The difference in the number of prescriptions in October 2001 compared with March 2002 is, however, large. During October 2001 the combination metronidazole and spiramycin represent just over ten percent of the total prescriptions whereas during March 2002 it makes up no less than twenty percent. Any reason for this divergence in the prescription is not known. The main use of the metronidazole and spiramycin combination is prophylactic, either at a plain dental descaling or at surgical operations, mainly various dental procedures.
The predominant prophylactic use of antibiotics is notable. Especially since the Swedish Veterinary Associations antibiotic policy for dog and cat medical care (Bergvall, 2002) stress that antibiotics should only be used prophylactically peri- and post-operatively where the risk of infection is either great or could be devastating for the individual. In many of the occasions where antibiotics have been used prophylactically in this study are however, minor surgical operations such as standard castrations.
Even if it is not confirmed this work indicates that the prescription of systemic antibiotics at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France is less stringent than what is the case at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Established however is the fact that at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France antibiotics are generally prescribed with a broader activity than at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU11328 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) |
| publisherStr | SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU113282017-10-09T11:41:48Z Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike Nilsson, Oskar antibiotikaförskrivning hund frankrike The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the prescription of antibiotics to dogs at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France. The purpose was also to compare the possible prescription patterns in France with those seen in a similar study by Petersson (2003) at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Antibiotics are very important in veterinary medicine and are used both to treat infections and to prevent them. The use of antibiotics however is not without complications and the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance is of most concern. Resistance has been shown to exist against all currently known antibiotics and potentially all pathogenic bacteria could develop resistance to one or more antibiotics. This study analysed the case records for all dogs presented to the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France during October 2001 and March 2002 to identify patients which were treated with systemic antibiotics. For these cases the antibiotic used, classified according to the ATCvet system, and the indication for use was noted. A total of 292 cases (146 per month) resulted in administration of systemic antibiotics. Substances from seven ATCvet groups and a product containing a combination of metronidazole and spiramycin were prescribed during October 2001. During March 2002 antibiotics from only five ATCvet groups and again the combination of metronidazole and spiramycin were prescribed. During both October 2001 and March 2002 β-lactams accounted for about three quarters of all antibiotics prescribed, which is roughly the same as in the Swedish study (Peterson, 2003). The relative proportions of aminopenicillins and cefalosporins were equivocal during October 2001 and March 2002. The proportion of β-lactam antibiotics containing amoxicillin potentiated with clavulanic acid was one-seventh during October 2001 and one fifth during March 2002. The main reason given for administering β-lactam antibiotics was for prophylactic use, primarily peri- and post-operatively. Cefalosporins were also commonly used for problems in cutis or subcutis . Apart from β-lactam antibiotics the combination metronidazole and spiramycin was the antibiotic prescribed most frequently. The difference in the number of prescriptions in October 2001 compared with March 2002 is, however, large. During October 2001 the combination metronidazole and spiramycin represent just over ten percent of the total prescriptions whereas during March 2002 it makes up no less than twenty percent. Any reason for this divergence in the prescription is not known. The main use of the metronidazole and spiramycin combination is prophylactic, either at a plain dental descaling or at surgical operations, mainly various dental procedures. The predominant prophylactic use of antibiotics is notable. Especially since the Swedish Veterinary Associations antibiotic policy for dog and cat medical care (Bergvall, 2002) stress that antibiotics should only be used prophylactically peri- and post-operatively where the risk of infection is either great or could be devastating for the individual. In many of the occasions where antibiotics have been used prophylactically in this study are however, minor surgical operations such as standard castrations. Even if it is not confirmed this work indicates that the prescription of systemic antibiotics at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France is less stringent than what is the case at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Established however is the fact that at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France antibiotics are generally prescribed with a broader activity than at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Syftet med detta arbete var att studera antibiotikaförskrivningen vid smådjurskliniken på Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, Frankrike. Förhoppningen var även att kunna jämföra eventuella mönster i förskrivningen där med vad som setts i en likartad studie av Petersson (2003) vid Klinikcentrum, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala. Antibiotika är en, inom veterinärmedicinen, mycket viktig sorts läkemedel och används både för att bota infektioner samt för att motverka att de uppstår. Användningen av antibiotika är dock inte helt okomplicerad med risken för resistensutveckling som kanske den största negativa faktorn. Resistens mot i alla idag kända antibiotika existerar och i princip alla patogena bakterier är potentiellt resistenta mot ett eller flera antibiotika. I denna studie har alla journaler för alla hundar som konsulterade smådjurskliniken på Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, Frankrike under oktober 2001 respektive mars 2002 kontrollerats för huruvida systemisk behandling med antibiotika satts in. När så var fallet noterades antibiotikasort, uppdelat efter ATCvet grupper, samt diagnos/diagnoser. Totalt sett resulterade 292 besök (146 vardera månaden) i behandling med systemisk antibiotika. Substanser från sju olika ATCvet grupper samt ett kombinationspreparat med metronidazol och spiramycin förskrevs under oktober 2001. Under mars 2002 å andra sidan förskrevs det antibiotika endast från fem ATCvet grupper, samt kombinationen av metronidazol och spiramycin. Under både oktober 2001 och mars 2002 var andelen �- laktamantibiotika som förskrevs runt tre fjärdedelar, vilket är ungefär detsamma som i undersökningen gjord i Sverige (Petersson, 2003). Den inbördes fördelningen mellan aminopenicilliner och cefalosporiner var i princip helt jämn både under oktober 2001 och mars 2002. Andelen av den förskrivna �-laktamantibiotika som utgjordes av amoxicillin i kombination med klavulansyra var cirka en sjundedel under oktober 2001 och en femtedel under mars 2002. Största användningen av �-laktamantibiotika har varit profylaktisk, och då främst vid olika operationer. För cefalosporiner är även infektioner i hud och/eller underhud en vanlig indikation. Efter �-laktamantibiotika är det kombinationen av metronidazol och spiramycin som stått förskrivits flest gånger. Skillnaden i förskrivning mellan oktober 2001 och mars 2002 är dock stor. Under oktober 2001 utgör kombinationen av metronidazol och spiramycin drygt tio procent av den totala förskrivningen medan den under mars 2002 utgör hela tjugo procent. Någon egentlig förklaring till denna skillnad är inte känd. Användningen av kombinationen metronidazol och spiramycin är främst profylaktisk. Antingen vid ren tandskrapning eller vid operationer, och då främst olika munhåleingrepp. Att den profylaktiska användningen av antibiotika är så pass stor är intressant. Speciellt eftersom Sveriges veterinärförbunds antibiotikapolicy för hund- och kattsjukvård (Bergvall, 2002) menar att antibiotika endast ska användas profylaktiskt vid operationer där risken för efterföljande infektion är stor eller där en sådan skulle vara förödande för individen. Många av de besök där antibiotika använts profylaktiskt är dock smärre operationer exempelvis normalkastrationer. Även om det inte är helt klarlagt tyder arbetet på att förskrivningen av systemisk antibiotika vid smådjurskliniken på Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, Frankrike är mindre restriktiv än vid Klinikcentrum, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala. Klart är dock att det vid smådjurskliniken på Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, Frankrike generellt används antibiotika med bredare aktivitet än vid Klinikcentrum, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala. SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (until 231231) 2007 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11328/ |
| spellingShingle | antibiotikaförskrivning hund frankrike Nilsson, Oskar Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title | Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title_full | Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title_fullStr | Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title_full_unstemmed | Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title_short | Förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i Nantes, Frankrike |
| title_sort | förskrivning av antibiotika till hund vid veterinärhögskolan i nantes, frankrike |
| topic | antibiotikaförskrivning hund frankrike |