Hägn i skogsbruket
This survey was made during the autumn of 2002 and the beginning of 2003, on commission from the National Board of Forestry. The purpose with the survey was to gather experience and knowledge in the organisation about fencing and this was made through interviews. The ambition was also to get know...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre
2003
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571846733234176 |
|---|---|
| author | Rosenqvist, Johan |
| author_browse | Rosenqvist, Johan |
| author_facet | Rosenqvist, Johan |
| author_sort | Rosenqvist, Johan |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | This survey was made during the autumn of 2002 and the beginning of 2003, on commission
from the National Board of Forestry. The purpose with the survey was to gather experience
and knowledge in the organisation about fencing and this was made through interviews. The
ambition was also to get knowledge from people outside the organisation that have great
experience of forestry and fencing.
The interviews were based on questions that have been composed by the author with help
from the supervisors. The questions were the same to both the personal from the National
Board of Forestry and to the foresters. Interviews were also made with private landowners, gamekeepers, game researcher, the County Administrative Board, the National Road Administration, pole and net retailers and contractors.
The target group for this work is the National Board of Forestry to be forwarded to persons interested in forestry with the ambition to spread knowledge about how to prevent damage on the forest by browsing animals.
The deer populations are big in the south of Sweden and growing populations have increased the damage on plantations of broadleaves of the most species. The consequence is that the amount of plantations of broadleaves and pine are decreasing in favour of spruce. Lots of different chemicals are used on plants and they have a deterrent effect against browsers. This treatment has to be done every year and it is only efficient on conifers. To have a more permanent protection for the broadleaves against browsing from deer, fencing seems to be the most reliable alternative.
The most common fence construction used in forestry is a net with smaller size on the mesh close to the ground. This net is attached to turned impregnated poles. Made in a correct way it is a reliable construction, but some improvements can make the fence more efficient and decrease the damage on the fence. One alternative is the "Hedafence", and it is made of two different nets, which are joint together. This net is hanging on poles, which is made as a cross and does not have to be anchored in the ground. Electric fence is another alternative and it is a construction with low establishment cost. The disadvantages are the dependence of electricity.
Fence is exposed to damage caused by animals. Some of the damage could decrease if the
fence is made more visible. When wild boars pass the fence they leave holes that other
animals can use. This is a problem, which probably will get more common because of the
growing population. Trees, which fall over the fence, vegetation and the public, could also cause damage on the fence.
To make the fence efficient it is important that the net is high enough, preferably two meters, and well visible. Every fenced area should have passage for the public and a frequent maintenance of the fence. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU11302 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2003 |
| publishDateSort | 2003 |
| publisher | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| publisherStr | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU113022017-10-10T11:49:36Z Hägn i skogsbruket Using fence in forestry Rosenqvist, Johan hägn strövande djur skador på skog rådjur This survey was made during the autumn of 2002 and the beginning of 2003, on commission from the National Board of Forestry. The purpose with the survey was to gather experience and knowledge in the organisation about fencing and this was made through interviews. The ambition was also to get knowledge from people outside the organisation that have great experience of forestry and fencing. The interviews were based on questions that have been composed by the author with help from the supervisors. The questions were the same to both the personal from the National Board of Forestry and to the foresters. Interviews were also made with private landowners, gamekeepers, game researcher, the County Administrative Board, the National Road Administration, pole and net retailers and contractors. The target group for this work is the National Board of Forestry to be forwarded to persons interested in forestry with the ambition to spread knowledge about how to prevent damage on the forest by browsing animals. The deer populations are big in the south of Sweden and growing populations have increased the damage on plantations of broadleaves of the most species. The consequence is that the amount of plantations of broadleaves and pine are decreasing in favour of spruce. Lots of different chemicals are used on plants and they have a deterrent effect against browsers. This treatment has to be done every year and it is only efficient on conifers. To have a more permanent protection for the broadleaves against browsing from deer, fencing seems to be the most reliable alternative. The most common fence construction used in forestry is a net with smaller size on the mesh close to the ground. This net is attached to turned impregnated poles. Made in a correct way it is a reliable construction, but some improvements can make the fence more efficient and decrease the damage on the fence. One alternative is the "Hedafence", and it is made of two different nets, which are joint together. This net is hanging on poles, which is made as a cross and does not have to be anchored in the ground. Electric fence is another alternative and it is a construction with low establishment cost. The disadvantages are the dependence of electricity. Fence is exposed to damage caused by animals. Some of the damage could decrease if the fence is made more visible. When wild boars pass the fence they leave holes that other animals can use. This is a problem, which probably will get more common because of the growing population. Trees, which fall over the fence, vegetation and the public, could also cause damage on the fence. To make the fence efficient it is important that the net is high enough, preferably two meters, and well visible. Every fenced area should have passage for the public and a frequent maintenance of the fence. Detta arbete gjordes under hösten 2002 och början av 2003, på uppdrag av skogsvårdsstyrelsen Södra Götaland. Syftet med arbetet var att skogsvårdsstyrelsen ville samla den kunskap och erfarenhet om hägn som finns inom organisationen och detta utfördes genom intervjuer. Ambitionen var också att få med kunskap från personer utanför organisationen med stor erfarenhet av sydsvenskt skogsbruk och hägn. Intervjuerna byggde på en rad frågor som hade skrivits ihop av författaren med hjälp av handledarna. Frågorna var de samma till de anställda inom skogsvårdsorganisationen som till skogsförvaltarna. Det förekom även intervjuer med privata markägare, yrkesjägare, viltforskare, länsstyrelsen, vägverket, nät och stolpförsäljare och entreprenörer. Målgruppen med detta arbete är skogsvårdsstyrelsen i Södra Götaland för vidare förmedling till intresserade skogsbrukare som har funderat på hägn som en lösning för att undvika viltskador och som vill lära sig mer om ämnet. Klövviltstammarna i södra Sverige är stora och med ökande stammar har även skador på föryngringar av de flesta trädarter blivit mer eller mindre omfattande. Detta har lett till att föryngringar med lövträd men även tall minskar för förmån för gran. En mängd olika kemiska preparat som har till uppgift att skydda mot betning och som appliceras på plantan, finns på marknaden. Detta måste dock göras årligen och har hitintills bara fungerat tillfredställande på barrträd. För att ge ett permanent skydd mot betesskador på lövträd, verkar hägn vara det säkraste alternativet. Den vanligaste konstruktionen av hägn är ett som består av ett viltnät med mindre maskor nertill som fästs på svarvade impregnerade furustolpar som är försänkta i marken. Rätt uppsatt är det en tillförlitlig konstruktion men det finns en del förbättringar som kan göras för att öka effekten av stängslet och minska skadorna på hägnet. Det finns även en del andra alternativa konstruktioner på hägn som kan vara aktuella och ett av dessa alternativ är Hedastängslet som består av två olika nät som fästs ihop och hägns upp i två hopspikade slanor. Med denna hägntyp behöver inte slanorna drivas ner i marken och är därför okänslig för sten och andra ojämnheter i terrängen. Elstängsel är ett annat alternativ med låga materialkostnader men det ständiga behovet av ström kräver stor tillsyn. Det förekommer en hel del skador på nät och stolpar av vilt och sådana skador går att minska om hägnet görs mer synligt för viltet. Där det förekommer täta stammar av vildsvin och hägnet ligger i vildsvinens väg uppstår det lätt hål in i hägnet som gärna används av mindre klövvilt. Detta är ett problem som kan tänkas öka i takt med att vildsvinsstammen och användandet av hägn ökar. Vindfällen, vegetation och allmänheten kan också åstadkomma skador på hägn. För att hägnet ska fylla sin funktion att utestänga vilt på ett effektivt sätt är det viktigt med tillräcklig höjd på nätet, gärna två meter, och att göra hägnet väl synligt för viltet. Detta för att undvika att djuren springer in i hägnet av misstag. Övergångar/genomgångar för allmänheten bör finnas vid alla hägn. Ständigt återkommande tillsyn av stängsel och innehåll är en förutsättning för att lyckas med hägn. SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre 2003 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11302/ |
| spellingShingle | hägn strövande djur skador på skog rådjur Rosenqvist, Johan Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title | Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title_full | Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title_fullStr | Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title_short | Hägn i skogsbruket |
| title_sort | hägn i skogsbruket |
| topic | hägn strövande djur skador på skog rådjur |