Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk
"Development of Norway spruce, Douglas fir beech and Scots pine with a larch shelter wood" is a report written by Per-Olof Magnusson. The thesis is a compulsory part of forest engineer program at "Skogsmästarskolan", SLU, Skinnskatteberg, Sweden. The purpose of this report is to describe and eva...
| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | L3 |
| Lenguaje: | sueco Inglés |
| Publicado: |
SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre
2004
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| Materias: |
| _version_ | 1855571832701190144 |
|---|---|
| author | Magnusson, Per Olof |
| author_browse | Magnusson, Per Olof |
| author_facet | Magnusson, Per Olof |
| author_sort | Magnusson, Per Olof |
| collection | Epsilon Archive for Student Projects |
| description | "Development of Norway spruce, Douglas fir beech and Scots pine with a larch
shelter wood" is a report written by Per-Olof Magnusson. The thesis is a
compulsory part of forest engineer program at "Skogsmästarskolan", SLU,
Skinnskatteberg, Sweden.
The purpose of this report is to describe and evaluate an experiment with hybrid
larch (Larix x eurolepis) as shelter wood, and different tree species growth and
survival depending on the density of the shelter wood. The experiment is
conducted by southern Swedish forest research centre, faculty of forestry, SLU in
Alnarp.
The hybrid larch ought to be an interesting alternative to birch (Betula sp.) as
shelterwood on suitable sites in southern Sweden. It outgrows both grass and
other vegetation quickly and is regarded to be a good shelter tree to shadow
tolerant tree species as beech and spruce. The timber prices is approximately the
same as for spruce, but straight, knot free wood can have same prizes as pine.
About 2000 hybrid larches per ha were planted 1974. After four thinnings and one
storm there's now standing 230 trees in the dense shelter and 145 in the sparse
shelter. Below the shelters and on one open area spruce (Picea abies) were
planted in 1990.
Due to heavy gracing a fence was built spring 1993. Beech (Fagus sylvatica),
douglas fir (Psedotsuga menziesii) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce were
planted in the tree areas, a dense shelter, a sparse shelter and an open area
adjacent to the shelters.
Since these results is based on only one experiment no final conclusions can be
made, but the results give a hint on how the different tree species react on the
shelterwood density. As expected the growth of all the different tree species
increase with lesser amount of shelter wood (Fig. 2-3).
The pines bellow the shelter woods were all killed by insects or by a combination
of competition from the shelter and insects, at an early stage.
The survival lies between 72 and 97 % for all the tree species except for the
Douglas-fir. The lowest survival for Douglas-fir was below the sparse shelter
wood (36 %). Overall it looks like the mortality is greater below the sparse shelter
wood but the most probable reason for this is that the fence on this location was
broken in a couple of places and roe deer and elk has got in and graced.
You could probably see more obvious trends of survival if the experiment had
been placed in a more frost affected area. One could also speculate if the spruce
and beech would have a greater mortality without the shelter wood since grass
grew thick amongst the plants. |
| format | L3 |
| id | RepoSLU11232 |
| institution | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences |
| language | swe Inglés |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publishDateSort | 2004 |
| publisher | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| publisherStr | SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | RepoSLU112322017-10-12T11:49:39Z Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk Development of Norway spruce, Douglas fir, beech and Scots pine with a shelter of hybrid larch Magnusson, Per Olof skogsskötsel hybridlärk skärmträd planteringsförsök "Development of Norway spruce, Douglas fir beech and Scots pine with a larch shelter wood" is a report written by Per-Olof Magnusson. The thesis is a compulsory part of forest engineer program at "Skogsmästarskolan", SLU, Skinnskatteberg, Sweden. The purpose of this report is to describe and evaluate an experiment with hybrid larch (Larix x eurolepis) as shelter wood, and different tree species growth and survival depending on the density of the shelter wood. The experiment is conducted by southern Swedish forest research centre, faculty of forestry, SLU in Alnarp. The hybrid larch ought to be an interesting alternative to birch (Betula sp.) as shelterwood on suitable sites in southern Sweden. It outgrows both grass and other vegetation quickly and is regarded to be a good shelter tree to shadow tolerant tree species as beech and spruce. The timber prices is approximately the same as for spruce, but straight, knot free wood can have same prizes as pine. About 2000 hybrid larches per ha were planted 1974. After four thinnings and one storm there's now standing 230 trees in the dense shelter and 145 in the sparse shelter. Below the shelters and on one open area spruce (Picea abies) were planted in 1990. Due to heavy gracing a fence was built spring 1993. Beech (Fagus sylvatica), douglas fir (Psedotsuga menziesii) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce were planted in the tree areas, a dense shelter, a sparse shelter and an open area adjacent to the shelters. Since these results is based on only one experiment no final conclusions can be made, but the results give a hint on how the different tree species react on the shelterwood density. As expected the growth of all the different tree species increase with lesser amount of shelter wood (Fig. 2-3). The pines bellow the shelter woods were all killed by insects or by a combination of competition from the shelter and insects, at an early stage. The survival lies between 72 and 97 % for all the tree species except for the Douglas-fir. The lowest survival for Douglas-fir was below the sparse shelter wood (36 %). Overall it looks like the mortality is greater below the sparse shelter wood but the most probable reason for this is that the fence on this location was broken in a couple of places and roe deer and elk has got in and graced. You could probably see more obvious trends of survival if the experiment had been placed in a more frost affected area. One could also speculate if the spruce and beech would have a greater mortality without the shelter wood since grass grew thick amongst the plants. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att beskriva och redovisa ett försök med hybridlärk som skärmträd över planterad tall, gran, bok och douglasgran. samt att redovisa de olika trädslags tillväxt och överlevnad i olika täta skärmar. Hybridlärken borde vara ett intressant alternativ som skärmträd på lämpliga marker i södra Sverige. Den växer snabbt ifrån både ogräs och lövsly och anses vara ett mycket bra amträd åt skuggtåliga trädslag som bok och gran. 1974 planterades 2000 hybridlärkar per hektar på ”OD Krooks donations” mark i närheten av Klippan, Skåne. Efter fyra gallringar samt två stormar återstod 173 respektive 147 träd per hektar på två försöksområden. Under dessa skärmar, samt på en kalyta planterades gran (kallad bef. gran i texten). Då dessa granar betades kraftigt sattes ett viltstängsel upp våren 1993, samtidigt planterades bok, douglasgran, tall och en ny generation gran. Tillväxt, skadefrekvens och dödlighet bland dessa plantor har mätts kontinuerligt och har i här sammanställts och utvärderats. Alla tallplantor under de båda skärmarna har dött, dels på grund av insekter, troligen lärksäcksmalen, som fallit ner från lärkarna, samt på grund av kraftig konkurrens från kruståtel. Överlevnaden bland de andra trädslagen ligger på mellan 56 och 97 % (tabell 1). Under den glesa skärmen är överlevnaden lägst, men det beror troligtvis på att viltsängslet vid några tillfällen varit sönder här så att viltet har haft det lättare att komma in här. I kontrast till detta har en något större andel självföryngrade plantor lyckats etablera sig under den glesa skärmen. De självföryngrade plantorna är av andra trädslag och så små att de sällan kommer att ingå i framtidsbeståndet. I tabell 1 ser skadefrekvensen hög ut men de flesta av skadorna är gamla eller relativt ofarliga och resulterar i de flesta fall i en mindre tillväxtförlust. Höjdtillväxten ökar markant utan skärm. Detta gäller i högre grad för barrplantorna än för bokplantorna. Hade försöket placerats i ett mer frostdrabbat område hade man troligtvis sett tydligare trender för överlevnad, man kan också spekulera ifall så många gran och bokplantor hade överlevt utan skärmarna eftersom gräset växte tätt mellan plantorna. Skärmar av lärk (hybridlärk) med de tätheter som använts i försöket i Vedby (grundyta på mellan 10 och 15 m2/ha) passar bra över bok. För douglasgran har höjdtillväxten sänkts med ca 25% och för gran ca 40% jämfört med kalytan. Att plantera tall under skärm av lärk avrådes bestämt ifrån. SLU/Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre 2004 L3 swe eng https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/11232/ |
| spellingShingle | skogsskötsel hybridlärk skärmträd planteringsförsök Magnusson, Per Olof Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title | Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title_full | Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title_fullStr | Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title_short | Utveckling av gran, Douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| title_sort | utveckling av gran, douglasgran, bok och tall under skärm av hybridlärk |
| topic | skogsskötsel hybridlärk skärmträd planteringsförsök |